SU1553702A1 - Method of securing rock with bolts - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the mining industry. The goal is to provide the possibility of viscous ductile reinforcement during horizontal excavation. To do this, drill ahead of the intake (B) 1 gently sloping wells (C) 3, placing their mouths along the forming roof B 1. The tubular anchors 4 are drilled into C 3 and then camouflet charges of explosive are placed in the tubular anchors 4 BB) 5 and blow them up. As a result, camouflet cavities 6 and compaction zones 7 around them are formed in the bottom part of C 3. The magnitude of the explosive charge 5 and the distance between C 3 are selected, under the conditions of closure of the sealing zones 7, between each pair of camouflage cavities 6. In the camouflet cavities 6 created by the explosion, a solidifying solution 8 is injected under the protection of the continuous protective screen created in the roof 1 at 80 - 90% of its length. After the erection of a permanent support, the entire cycle of work is repeated, with the end of each previous screen covering 10–20% of its length, the beginning of the next screen. 3 il.

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry, in particular, to methods of securing rocks with anchors, and can be used in sinking mines.

The purpose of the invention is to provide the possibility of fixing in zoplastic rocks when penetrating a horizontal mine.

FIG. 1 shows a scheme for penetrating the horizontal generation and construction of a protective screen; on hbig.2 —a-A slit at (hl. 1; at hb.Z — slit bb of the chvtr.J.

The method is carried out as follows.

In the roof of the horizontal production 1 behind the contour of the bottom 2, the wells of the gently sloping wells 3 are ahead of the development of the wells 1 and the wellheads 3 are placed along the roof generating outlet 1. The tubular anchors 4 are inserted into the wells, in which carbon explosive charges 5 are placed. to obtain, after the explosion, a camulet cavity 6 in each well. The distance between the wells and the amount of explosives are chosen by their conditions for closing the compaction zones 7 between each pair of camlet cavities. Then, through the anchors 4, a hardening solution 8 is injected into the formed cavities 6.

Thus, a continuous protective screen is created in front of the slab in the roof extending beyond its contour from alternating interconnecting zones of compacted rocks and fixed kamuyletny cavities, ensuring the safety of penetration.

Thereafter, the generation passes under the screen at 80-90% of its length. Then, after the erection of the permanent support, the entire cycle of works is repeated in such a way that the end of each previous screen covers 10-20% of the beginning of the next one.

Example. Horizontal workings with a diameter of 5.6 m are passed along in zkoplasticheskie rocks - clays and kaolin. In this case, along the contour of the excavation in the roof of the bottom of the hole, half-inclined holes with a diameter of 40-42 mm are drilled so that they go beyond the contour of the excavation along the route. Tubular anchors with a diameter of 37 mm are placed into each hole 2.5-3 m deep, into which explosives of type 6FB are stirred.

j

0 5 0

about

five

in cartridges with a diameter of 32 mm, a length of 250 mm and a mass of 0.2 kg each.

The size of the camouflage cavity is determined by the sweep rate for clays, which is 220–102–220 cm / kg. Similar values were obtained experimentally in industrial conditions with

K - V-nKp C

where K is an indicator of fire-firing (take CRr 250 MO9 cm / kg.); Y Vр - volume camoletno cavity,

Sme;

C is the mass of the reserve, kg (for given conditions, 8 cartridges of 0.2 kg each are placed for a length of 2 m, a total of 1.6 kg).

From here the Vn is 250000-3.6 400000cm. The diameter of the camulet cavity d

400000-4 sp e

    cm and the radius of the camus cavity is 25 cm. The thickness of the compacted zone o can be determined by empirical dependence

C (0.6 - 0.44) 82.

From where & d (0.56 m.

The calculated thickness must satisfy the condition

,,

where

Where

s. P h

maximum permissible value according to the conditions, m;

P is the rock pressure at the depth of laying the workings, 0.88 MPa;

h is the length of the outcrop of the zone by excavation, 0.6 m;

c is the shear strength of compacted rock, 0.62 MPa;

ft0 88-06. .

P --.--. - J. - () ZL / m then

2-0, M T e

condition satisfies em. Taking into account the closure of the zones of compaction between the camous cavities, the distance 1 between the axes looking for should be 1 d + 2X.КС;

where K is the ratio of closure of compaction zones (not less than 20%), K, 0.8; 1 0.5 + 2-0.8 "0.56, 4 m.

After placing the explosive charges in the tubular anchors, the remaining free portion of the pipe is filled with wet sand 9 and the explosive explosive charges are sequentially exploded. Then, through the anchors, a hardening solution with a short curing time based on a carbamide resin with an acid hardener or a solution of liquid glass with silicic acid (easily penetrating through the sand damming) is injected into the formed carbon cavities.

As a result, a continuous protective screen is formed in front of the road above the horizontal excavation, allowing penetration with a permissible roof exposure to 0.5 m. Loslo penetration of approximately 1.5 m horizontal excavation and construction of a permanent support repeats the cycle of operations.

 ,

553702

Claims (1)

Claims. The method of securing rocks with anchors includes drilling wells behind the production line, inserting tubular anchors into them, placing and blasting in the last camouflet explosive charges to form camouflet cavities in the bottom 10 parts of the wells and compaction zones around them, injecting hardening solution in the cavity, characterized in that, in order to ensure the viscous formation of plastic rocks during horizontal development, the wells are gently inclined, ahead of the production and the wellheads are forming roofing 20 production, and the value of explosives charge and the distance between the wells are chosen from the condition of closing the zones of compaction of rocks between each pair of chambers. 3