CN108625856A - A kind of mining methods in the two neighboring one ore removal lane of stope of underground mine - Google Patents
A kind of mining methods in the two neighboring one ore removal lane of stope of underground mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN108625856A CN108625856A CN201810596959.4A CN201810596959A CN108625856A CN 108625856 A CN108625856 A CN 108625856A CN 201810596959 A CN201810596959 A CN 201810596959A CN 108625856 A CN108625856 A CN 108625856A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of mining methods in the two neighboring one ore removal lane of stope of underground mine, along orebody trend by ore body division be several nuggets, 40~80m of nugget length, each nugget are further subdivided into mineral building and ore pillar, and studding is equipped among the bottom of mineral building and ore pillar;Upper disk air return lane and lower wall transportation roadway along the pulse along the pulse is arranged along orebody trend, and to be arranged in ore body outer and parallel with orebody trend for transportation roadway along the pulse for lower wall;Drop shaft is arranged in the lower wall transportation roadway other side along the pulse;When orebody thickness is more than 40m, mineral building and ore pillar arrange that ore removal lane is arranged in two Bottom of Stope intermediate vertical orebody trends perpendicular to orebody trend, length of stope is nugget length, Width of stope is 13 20m, and stope height is 40~100m, and drilling chamber is arranged in stage casing bottom.In the method for the present invention when two step back production, without being tunneled in obturation, production capacity is big, small, efficient new method of adopting quasi- quantities.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to underground mining technical fields, are a kind of mining in the two neighboring one ore removal lane of stope of underground mine
Method.It is good to be primarily adapted for use in ore-rock stability, orebody thickness is more than 26m inclined orebodies.
Background technology:
In mining, using construction rock drilling lane among mineral building, ore removal lane of constructing among the ore pillar on mineral building both sides, to mineral building
Dig construction of rock gangway ore removal route.Bottom uses V-type Ore gathering by trench, from mineral building both sides ore removal.When carrying out two step back production, ore removal
Lane is tunneled in obturation, constructional difficulties, needs shaped steel supporting, then casting concrete, and construction cost is high, and progress is slow, safe
Risk is high.In, deep hole fall that mine afterwards filling mining method production capacity is big, and operating personnel is safe, ground surface environment is influenced
It is small.Highly concentrated cemented fill technology has been widely used, and strength of filling mass can meet exploitation actual needs, is mine capacity, height
Effect, safe working, provide safe powerful guarantee.
China Patent No. ZL 201610439450.X's《A kind of new method of the double stope collaboration exploitations of underground mine》In,
Left mineral building and right mineral building are divided in nugget, most rear left mineral building accumulates higher residual mine, it is difficult to recycle.No explanation does not use nobody in text
Remote-controlled scraper goes out residual mine, even if using unmanned remote controlled scraper ore removal, goes out to accumulate more residual mine in goaf, unmanned remote controlled
Scraper may be pounded by inbreak ore to discarding in goaf;When two step back production, in exploitation ore pillar, need in obturation
Interior driving, constructional difficulties, support cost are high.It does not solve to reduce and adopts quasi- quantities and the tunneling construction difficulty in obturation, branch
Protect problem of high cost.
Invention content:
The object of the invention is exactly in view of the drawbacks of the prior art, to provide a kind of underground mine to make up the defect of prior art
The mining methods in one ore removal lane of two neighboring stope, when two step back production, without being tunneled in obturation, production capacity is big,
Adopt that quasi- quantities is small, efficient new method.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of mining methods in the two neighboring one ore removal lane of stope of underground mine, it is characterised in that:Include following steps:
1), along orebody trend by ore body division be several nuggets, 40~80m of nugget length, each nugget is further subdivided into mineral building
And ore pillar, studding is equipped among the bottom of mineral building and ore pillar.
2), arrange along orebody trend upper disk air return lane and lower wall transportation roadway along the pulse along the pulse, transportation roadway is arranged in lower wall along the pulse
Ore body is outer and parallel with orebody trend;Drop shaft is arranged in the lower wall transportation roadway other side along the pulse;When orebody thickness is 26~40m,
Mineral building and ore pillar are parallel to orebody trend arrangement, and ore removal lane is arranged in two Bottom of Stope intermediate parallel orebody trends, length of stope
For nugget length, Width of stope is the half of orebody thickness, and stope height is 40~100m, and drilling chamber is arranged in stage casing bottom
Portion.
When orebody thickness is more than 40m, mineral building and ore pillar arrange that ore removal lane is in two Bottom of Stope perpendicular to orebody trend
Between vertical orebody trend arrangement, length of stope is nugget length, and Width of stope 13-20m, stope height is 40~100m, chisel
Rock chamber arrangement is in upper stage casing bottom.
3), stope exploitation adopted by the way of one using one stop panel or every three.
4), cut in the mineral building of each nugget with ore removal lane be in 45 ° of angles ore removal route, ore removal route it is another
End is arranged with rock drilling lane;Drilling chamber, when country rock consolidates, lateral opening close ore limits are arranged in stage casing bottom on nugget
Line arrange, construct chamber when expand 0.8m to outside the boundary line of ore body;When country rock stability is poor or close to obturation, chamber is applied
Work is lateral opening to be arranged in away from boundary line 1m~1.5m on stope boundary line.
5), the rock drilling lane be that vertical cutting well is being arranged by mine lane one end by mine lane again, by being utilized in mine lane
Hole rock drill rock drilling, to cut well as the scope of freedom, the lanes cutting Jing Heshoukuang are that compensation space squeezes controlled blasting formation cutting groove,
Inclined V-type is formed by mine moat ditch using cutting groove and by mine lane as compensation space explosion, and V-type is 12~15m by mine moat ditch height, from going out
Avalanche mine is transported to drop shaft by mine route using scraper;
6), borehole drilling chamber is arranged in stage casing on nugget, using Large diameter long-hole drilling machine construction blasthole straight down, use
Controlled blasting technique formed cutting groove, using cutting groove and inclined V-type by mine moat ditch as the scope of freedom and compensation space, using control
Blasting technique carries out side blasting;The ore that explosion is got off is transported to drop shaft by scraper, is promoted to earth's surface, completes back production;
7), after back production, goaf is filled using afterwards tailing fill method, after filling is completed one month, by each mine
Block repartitions mineral building and ore pillar, afterwards will repeat step 4 as ore pillar by tailing cemented filling)、5)、6)Technique is in ore pillar
Ore recycled, block stoping terminates.
A kind of mining methods in the two neighboring one ore removal lane of stope of underground mine, it is characterised in that:Step 4)In, in mine
Drilling chamber is arranged in stage casing bottom on block, when country rock consolidates, lateral opening close boundary line of ore body arrangement, to ore body when construction chamber
Expand 0.8m outside boundary line;When country rock stability is poor or close to obturation, Chamber Construction is on stope boundary line, lateral opening cloth
It sets away from boundary line 1m~1.5m.
A kind of mining methods in the two neighboring one ore removal lane of stope of underground mine, it is characterised in that:The ore removal lane goes out
Mine route and rock drilling lane are one third basket handle arch.
A kind of mining methods in the two neighboring one ore removal lane of stope of underground mine, it is characterised in that:Step 5)In, inclined V
Type is used YGZ90 long and medium hole drilling machine rock drilling by mine moat ditch, and operation, blasthole diameter Φ 70mm, blasthole are carried out in drilling drift
Array pitch is 1.5m, and pitch-row is 1.8~2.0m.It is used using 2# rocks or ammonium pine wax explosive using BQF-100 explosive loader powder charges
The multiple rows of Millisecond Controlled Blasting technology of non-electric ms detonator, blasthole linear meter(lin.m.) are averaged 6~8 tons of rock yield, and back production explosive specific charge is per ton
0.48 kilogram.
A kind of mining methods in the two neighboring one ore removal lane of stope of underground mine, it is characterised in that:Step 6)In, according to
The condition of production carries out falling mine, with precast concrete plug plug-hole, the laggard luggage medicines of 1.2~1.5m of back-up sand, using interval before powder charge
Powder charge, dress 1.6m~2.0m emulsions interval 1.2m sand;It is detonated with non-electric initiation system two-way, using millisecond short delay blasting control
Unidirectional dose is made, every section of explosive charge is no more than 300kg, 0.37 kilogram per ton of back production explosive specific charge.
A kind of mining methods in the two neighboring one ore removal lane of stope of underground mine, it is characterised in that:Step 7)In, going out
Mine route builds filling counterfort by laying bricks or stones, and upper stage casing sets up filling pipe to stope and filled, and mineral building uses all-tailing cemented filling, filling
68~75%, the cement-sand ratio of goaf bottom 10m height is 1 for the concentration control of slurry:4,10m~20m cement-sand ratios use 1:6,
Intermediate cement-sand ratio is 1:18, top 8m cement-sand ratios are 1:6;Fill the cement-sand ratio 1 that ore pillar bottom 10m height uses:4 cementing fill
It fills out, it is 1 that middle part, which uses tailing filling, top 8m cement-sand ratios,:6 fillings.
Borehole drilling chamber is arranged in stage casing on nugget, using Large diameter long-hole drilling machine construction blasthole straight down, is used
Controlled blasting technique forms cutting groove, as the scope of freedom and space is filled by mine moat ditch using cutting groove and inclined V-type, using control
Blasting technique carries out side blasting.Inclined V-type is controlled by mine moat ditch ore accumulating amount, explosion generates shock wave and Caving System clitter is adopted
Field bottom structure impact is larger, and accumulation ore has protective effect to stope bottom structure.
It is an advantage of the invention that:
1) mining codes are suitable for the good big inclined orebody of thickness of ore-rock stability, and ore removal lane is tunneled among two Bottom of Stope,
Stone drifting ore removal route is dug into stope, it can be achieved that it is small to adopt quasi- quantities to two neighboring ore drawing in stope for an ore removal lane.
2) drilling chamber specific location is arranged according to face surrounding rock condition, can effectively controls mining boundary.
3) it does not construct and cuts lane, inclined V-type is formed by mine moat ditch using Controlled blasting technique explosion.
4) top do not construct cutting well, using Controlled blasting technique explosion formed cutting groove, using Controlled blasting technique into
Row side blasting, ore boulder yield are few.
5) inclined V-type is controlled by mine moat ditch ore accumulating amount, and explosion is larger to stope bottom structure impact, and accumulation ore is to adopting
Field bottom structure has protective effect.
Description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is orebody thickness 26~40m stope plan views.
Fig. 2 is orebody thickness 26~40m stope sectional views.
Fig. 3 is that orebody thickness is more than 40m stope plan views.
Fig. 4 is that orebody thickness is more than 40m stope sectional views.
Specific implementation mode:
Referring to attached drawing.
The band crack agensis of certain Iron Mine, rock mechanics intensity is higher, and ore and rock stability is preferable.Stope long 50m, it is wide
16.0m, high 50m avoid ore removal lane from constructing in obturation, constructional difficulties in obturation, security risk is big, it is of high cost, adopt standard
Quantities is big.To solve such case, the mining methods of two adjacent stope ore removals can be met using an a kind of ore removal lane.Tool
Body implementation steps are as follows:
Stope is arranged:
By ore body division it is several nuggets along orebody trend, 40~80m of nugget length, each nugget is further subdivided into mineral building and mine
Studding 5 is equipped among the bottom of column, mineral building and ore pillar.
Upper disk air return lane 2 and lower wall transportation roadway 1 along the pulse along the pulse is arranged along orebody trend, and transportation roadway 1 is arranged in lower wall along the pulse
Ore body is outer and parallel with orebody trend;Lower wall is laid with drop shaft 7 in transportation roadway along the pulse.
Upper disk air return lane 2 and lower wall transportation roadway 1 along the pulse along the pulse is arranged along orebody trend, and transportation roadway 1 is arranged in ore body to lower wall along the pulse
It is outer and parallel with orebody trend;Lower wall is laid with drop shaft 7 in transportation roadway along the pulse.When orebody thickness is 26~40m, mineral building and mine
Column is parallel to orebody trend arrangement, and ore removal lane 6 is arranged in two Bottom of Stope intermediate parallel orebody trends, and length of stope is that nugget is long
Degree, Width of stope are the half of orebody thickness, and stope height is 40~100m, and drilling chamber is arranged in stage casing bottom.Work as mine
When body thickness is more than 40m, mineral building and ore pillar arrange that ore removal lane 6 is in two Bottom of Stope intermediate vertical ore bodies perpendicular to orebody trend
Arrangement is moved towards, length of stope is nugget length, and Width of stope 13-20m, stope height is 40~100m, drilling chamber arrangement
In upper stage casing bottom.Stope exploitation is adopted using one stop panel or every three by the way of one.
Adopt quasi- cutting:
Ore removal lane 6, ore removal route 3 and ore removal lane 6 are constructed among two Bottom of Stope in 45° angle, ore removal lane 6 and ore removal route 3
For one third basket handle arch, specifications section:4.4m×3.5m(It is wide × high).In ore removal lane other side arrangement rock drilling lane 4, while again
It is by mine lane, one third basket handle arch, specifications section:2.8m×3.0m(It is wide × high).Disk rock drilling lane one end cloth on stope
Set cutting well 8, specifications section:1.8m × 1.8m is highly 14m.It is freely to cut well using mesoporous rock drill rock drilling
Face, the lanes cutting Jing Heshoukuang are that compensation space extruding controlled blasting forms inclined V-type cutting groove, are compensation with cutting groove and by mine lane
Space explosion forms inclined V-type by mine moat ditch, is highly 12~15m.Borehole drilling chamber is arranged in stage casing bottom on stope, works as mine
When rock is relatively firm, lateral opening close ore body edge line arrangement, construct chamber when expand 0.8m outward, convenient for down-the-hole drill rock drilling;
When country rock stability is poor and close to obturation, Chamber Construction on stope boundary line, it is lateral opening be arranged in away from boundary line 1m~
1.5m.Using Large diameter long-hole drilling machine construction blasthole straight down, well is cut using Controlled blasting technique formation, using cut well and
Inclined V-type as the scope of freedom and is filled space by mine moat ditch, and the upward hierarchical control blasting technique of staged carries out explosion and carries out drawing well,
Then it carries out lateral Controlled blasting technique and carries out explosion.Side blasting boulder yield is few, and deep hole mainly uses side blasting.Control by
Broken ore accumulating amount in mine lane, ore do not go out unprecedented progress explosion, are had guarantor to stope bottom structure by ore is accumulated in mine lane
Shield acts on.
Actual mining
1, driling explosion
Inclined V-type is used YGZ90 long and medium hole drilling machine rock drilling by mine moat ditch, and operation, blasthole diameter Φ are carried out in drilling drift
70mm, blasthole array pitch are 1.5m, and pitch-row is 1.8~2.0m.Using BQF-100 explosive loader powder charges, 2# rocks are used(Or ammonium pine
Wax)Explosive, using the multiple rows of Millisecond Controlled Blasting technology of non-electric ms detonator, blasthole linear meter(lin.m.) is averaged 6~8 tons of rock yield, and back production is fried
0.48 kilogram per ton of prescription consumption.
Borehole drilling chamber is arranged in stage casing on stope, is highly 3.8m, when ore-rock is relatively more firm, lateral opening close ore body
Edge line arrange, construct chamber when expand 0.8m outward, be convenient for down-the-hole drill rock drilling;When country rock stability is poor and close filling
When body, Chamber Construction is lateral opening to be arranged in away from boundary line 1.0m~1.5m on stope boundary line.It is dug using T-150 down-the-hole drills
Rock, large diameter, deep borehole diameter of phi 165mm, vertical or inclined deep hole of constructing, blasthole spacing 4.0m, array pitch 3.0m.Slot raise position
It sets and increases by 5 vertical holes, kerve forms 4.0m × 4.0m slot raises, and such kerf blasting is small by clipping, and demolition effect is good.
Explosion forms cutting groove, carries out lateral caving by the scope of freedom of cutting groove, side blasting ore bulk is few, effect is good.Stope is dug
Rock is once completed, and is carried out falling mine according to the condition of production, and with precast concrete plug plug-hole before powder charge, 1.2~1.5m of back-up sand is laggard
Luggage medicine, using spaced loading, dress 1.6m~2.0m emulsions interval 1.2m sand.It is detonated using non-electric initiation system two-way,
Unidirectional dose is controlled using millisecond short delay blasting, every section of explosive charge is no more than 300kg, 0.37 kilogram per ton of back production explosive specific charge.
Blasting Control has protective effect by broken ore accumulating amount in mine lane, by ore is accumulated in mine lane to stope bottom structure.
2, stope ventilation
It is fresh it is distinguished and admirable by lower layer, transportation roadway enters Stope face through ore removal lane along the pulse, waste air enters upper stage casing return air through stope
Earth's surface is discharged through returnairshaft in lane.
3, ore removal:
The ore that explosion is got off is transported to drop shaft using 6m3JCCY-6 scrapers from ore removal route, slips to next stage transportation roadway, warp
Locomotive haulage mine car is crossed, send to Ore-pass failure, is promoted to earth's surface.
4, it fills
After ore drawing in stope, filling counterfort is built by laying bricks or stones in ore removal route, upper stage casing sets up filling pipe to stope and filled, mineral building
Using all-tailing cemented filling, 68~75%, the cement-sand ratio of goaf bottom 10m height is 1 for the concentration control of filling slurry:
4,10m~20m cement-sand ratios use 1:6, intermediate cement-sand ratio is 1:18, top 8m cement-sand ratios are 1:6;Fill ore pillar bottom 10m high
Spend the cement-sand ratio 1 used:4 consolidated fills, it is 1 that middle part, which uses tailing filling, top 8m cement-sand ratios,:6 fillings.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of mining methods in the two neighboring one ore removal lane of stope of underground mine, it is characterised in that:Include following steps:
1), along orebody trend by ore body division be several nuggets, 40~80m of nugget length, each nugget is further subdivided into mineral building
And ore pillar, studding is equipped among the bottom of mineral building and ore pillar;
2), arrange along orebody trend upper disk air return lane and lower wall transportation roadway along the pulse along the pulse, transportation roadway is arranged in ore body to lower wall along the pulse
It is outer and parallel with orebody trend;Drop shaft is arranged in the lower wall transportation roadway other side along the pulse;
When orebody thickness is 26~40m, mineral building and ore pillar are parallel to orebody trend arrangement, and ore removal lane is among two Bottom of Stope
Parallel ore bodies move towards arrangement, length of stope be nugget length, Width of stope be orebody thickness half, stope height be 40~
100m, drilling chamber are arranged in stage casing bottom;
When orebody thickness is more than 40m, mineral building and ore pillar arrange that ore removal lane is hung down among two Bottom of Stope perpendicular to orebody trend
Straight orebody trend arrangement, length of stope are nugget length, and Width of stope 13-20m, stope height is 40~100m, rock drilling cave
Room is arranged in stage casing bottom;,
3), stope exploitation adopted by the way of one using one stop panel or every three;
4), construct in mineral building rock drilling lane and ore removal route, ore removal route is in 45 ° of angles with ore removal lane;The stage casing bottom on nugget
Portion arranges drilling chamber;
5), the rock drilling lane be to be arranged vertical cutting well by mine lane one end by mine lane, dug using mesoporous in by mine lane again
Rock machine rock drilling, to cut well as the scope of freedom, the lanes cutting Jing Heshoukuang are that compensation space squeezes controlled blasting formation cutting groove, to cut
It is that compensation space explosion forms inclined V-type by mine moat ditch to cut the lanes Cao Heshoukuang, and V-type is 12~15m by mine moat ditch height, from ore removal into
Avalanche mine is transported to drop shaft by road using scraper;
6), borehole drilling chamber is arranged in stage casing on nugget, using Large diameter long-hole drilling machine construction blasthole straight down, use
Controlled blasting technique formed cutting groove, using cutting groove and inclined V-type by mine moat ditch as the scope of freedom and compensation space, using control
Blasting technique carries out side blasting;The ore that explosion is got off is transported to drop shaft by scraper, is promoted to earth's surface, completes back production;
7), after back production, goaf is filled using afterwards tailing fill method, after filling is completed one month, by each mine
Block repartitions mineral building and ore pillar, afterwards will repeat step 4 as ore pillar by tailing cemented filling)、5)、6)Technique is in ore pillar
Ore recycled, block stoping terminates.
2. a kind of mining methods in the two neighboring one ore removal lane of stope of underground mine according to claim 1, feature
It is:Step 4)In, drilling chamber, when country rock consolidates, lateral opening close boundary line of ore body cloth are arranged in stage casing bottom on nugget
Set, construct chamber when expand 0.8m to outside the boundary line of ore body;When country rock stability is poor or close to obturation, Chamber Construction exists
It is lateral opening to be arranged in away from boundary line 1m~1.5m on stope boundary line.
3. a kind of mining methods in the two neighboring one ore removal lane of stope of underground mine according to claim 1, feature
It is:The ore removal lane, ore removal route and rock drilling lane are one third basket handle arch.
4. a kind of mining methods in the two neighboring one ore removal lane of stope of underground mine according to claim 1, feature
It is:Step 5)In, inclined V-type is used YGZ90 long and medium hole drilling machine rock drilling by mine moat ditch, and operation, big gun are carried out in drilling drift
Bore dia Φ 70mm, blasthole array pitch are 1.5m, and pitch-row is 1.8~2.0m;Using BQF-100 explosive loader powder charges, 2# rocks are used
Or ammonium pine wax explosive, using the multiple rows of Millisecond Controlled Blasting technology of non-electric ms detonator, blasthole linear meter(lin.m.) is averaged 6~8 tons of rock yield, returns
Adopt 0.48 kilogram per ton of explosive specific charge.
5. a kind of mining methods in the two neighboring one ore removal lane of stope of underground mine according to claim 1, feature
It is:Step 6)In, it is carried out falling mine according to the condition of production, with precast concrete plug plug-hole before powder charge, after 1.2~1.5m of back-up sand
Powder charge is carried out, using spaced loading, dress 1.6m~2.0m emulsions interval 1.2m sand;It is detonated with non-electric initiation system two-way,
Unidirectional dose is controlled using millisecond short delay blasting, every section of explosive charge is no more than 300kg, 0.37 kilogram per ton of back production explosive specific charge.
6. a kind of mining methods in the two neighboring one ore removal lane of stope of underground mine according to claim 1, feature
It is:Step 7)In, build filling counterfort by laying bricks or stones in ore removal route, upper stage casing sets up filling pipe to stope and filled, and mineral building uses
All-tailing cemented filling, 68~75%, the cement-sand ratio of goaf bottom 10m height is 1 for the concentration control of filling slurry:4,10m
~20m cement-sand ratios use 1:6, intermediate cement-sand ratio is 1:18, top 8m cement-sand ratios are 1:6;Ore pillar bottom 10m height is filled to use
Cement-sand ratio 1:4 consolidated fills, it is 1 that middle part, which uses tailing filling, top 8m cement-sand ratios,:6 fillings.
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CN113622992A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-09 | 安徽金日晟矿业有限责任公司 | Bottom structure construction method of mine field filling body false bottom |
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