SU1544750A1 - Ceramic composition for making porcelain - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the manufacture of porcelain articles for household purposes. In order to extend the range of the special state, reduce the overall shrinkage and increase the heat resistance, the porcelain mass includes the following components, wt.%

kaolin 36-38, clay 8-11, quartz sand 23-25, feldspar 15-20, alumina 1-2, china 4-6 and glaze 5-7. Moreover, the glaze has the following oxide composition, wt.%: SIO ₂ 65.94, AL ₂ O ₃ 9.75, FE ₂ O ₃ 0.2, CAO 8.58, MGO 5.32, SO ₃ 0.21

TIO ₂ 0.11

NA ₂ O 1.80, K ₂ O 3.46 and ZNO 4.63. The physicomechanical characteristics of the products are as follows: the interval of the special state is 100-110 ° C, the heat resistance is 230-240 ° C, the total shrinkage is 11.3-11.8%, the water absorption is 0.03%, and the flexural strength is 83.6-85 , 5 MPa. 2 tab.

Description

The invention relates to the ceramic industry, in particular to the manufacture of porcelain articles for household use.

The aim of the invention is to expand the range of the mix state, reduce overall shrinkage and increase heat resistance.

The composition of the porcelain mass uses the glaze of the following chemical composition, wt.%: Si0265.94; A120.9.75; Fe203 0.2; CaO "., 58; 5.32, S03 0.21; Ti04 0.11; Na20 1.80; K20 3.46; ZnO 4.63.

Products made by the following technology.

First, a wet slurry is prepared in a wet process in ball mills at an optimum ratio of 1: 1-4: 1 to the components of the glaze, grinding media and water.

Glaze components are loaded in two steps. Coarse-grained components are first loaded, ground to a residue of 3.5-4% on a K 0056 sieve, and then fine-grained components are added. The readiness of the glaze is determined by the residue on sieve no. 0056 not higher than 0.03-0.04%.

The prepared glaze is mixed in a predetermined ratio (5-7%) with a ceramic sliper prepared

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according to traditional technology, by joint wet grinding in ball mills to a residue of 0.7-1% on a sieve No. 0056. The mixing of the glaze and ceramic slip is carried out in vats equipped with a propeller stirrer} until a homogeneous mass is obtained.

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The prepared ceramic slurry is used to form the products by the method of casting (with the addition of electrolytes) or by the method of plastic forming after preliminary dehydration to 19-21%.

Decorated products are dried twice: first - in plaster forms at 60-70 ° C to a moisture content of 14-16%, the second - at 110-120 ° C to a moisture content of 1.5-2%. In between the dryers, a wet mandrel is carried out. Dried products are roasted for scrap at 800-850 ° C and 25 are glazed by dipping. For glazing products, glaze of the same composition is used, which is added to the slip. The final calcination of the products is carried out at 1280-1300 ° C.

holding at a maximum temperature of 1-1.5 hours

Table 1 shows the specific compositions of porcelain masses, and Table 2 shows the fi

zico-mechanical properties of products.

0

five

0 5 d

five

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Ceramic mass for the manufacture of porcelain, including kaolin, clay, quartz sand, feldspar, alumina and porcelain battles, due to the fact that, in order to extend the range of the special state, reduce the overall shrinkage and increase the heat resistance, it additionally contains glaze of the following composition, May.%: SiO 65.94 A1203 9.75, Fe20, 0.2 CaO 8.58, MgO 5; 32 S03 0.21, Ti02 0.11 Na ± 0 1, 80 K40 3.46, ZnO 4.63 in the following ratio, wt.%: Kaolin 36-38 Clay 8-11 Quartz sand 23-25 Field spar 15-20 Alumina 1-2 Porcelain fight 4-6 Glaze specified composition 5-7 Table 1 Roasting temperature, ° С Water absorption,% Total shrinkage,% Flexural strength, MPa Heat resistance, ° C Whiteness,% Special interval, ° C Table 2 1300 , 04 1.4 1300 0.03 11.5 1370 0.03 13.8 1370 0.03 14.2 83,8 230 68 87.5 200 71 90.2 200 69 100 100 70 70