SU1509130A1 - Pneumatic separator for cleaning and grading seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a technique for pneumatic separation of bulk material and can be used for cleaning and sorting seeds. The purpose of the invention is to improve the performance of the device and improve quality by adjusting the speed of the pneumatic flow. The device includes a vertical separation channel (SC) 4 with a window 3 for supplying the source material located in the middle part of the SC 4 in its end wall. A turbulizer 7 is installed in the lower part of the IC 4. Under the turbulator 7 there is a perforated orienting device 8, under which a flow divider (BF) 9 is installed coaxially with the clearance. The lower part of AC 9 is connected to the upper part of pitched surfaces 10. The lower part of surfaces 10 is located under the wall of IC 4 with a gap. The cross section of the lower part of the orienting device 8 and DP 9 are similar. The cross-sectional area of the lower part of the device 8 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the DP 9. The gates between the surfaces 10 and the walls of the SC 4 have gates 15. The walls of the SC 4 and DP 9 form chambers 11 with adjustable outlets 12. The source material is thrown into the SC 4. The fan creates airflow. Light impurities are carried away from SC 4, and full-grain seeds and heavy impurities overcome the resistance of the air and fall on the orienting device 8, from where they are sent to its central part. From there, the whole seed material enters the PD 9. Tel impurities overcome the resistance of the air and pass through DP 9. The full-grained seeds are not able to overcome the air flow in DP 9 and are thrown into the chambers 11. 1 hp f-ly, 1 ill.

Description

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mopotoka. The device includes a vertical separation channel (SC) 4 with a window 3 for supplying the source material located in the middle part of the SC 4 in its end wall. A turbulizer 7 is installed in the lower part of the IC 4. Under the turbulator 7 there is a perforated orienting device 8, under which a flow divider (BF) 9 is installed coaxially with the clearance. The lower part of AC 9 is connected to the upper part of pitched surfaces 10. The lower part of surfaces 10 is located under the wall of IC 4 with a gap. The cross section of the lower part of the orienting device 8 and DP 9 are similar. The cross-sectional area of the lower part of the device 8 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the DP 9. In the gaps between the surfaces 10 and

the walls of the SC 4 are mounted to the chirber 15. The walls of the SC 4 and the DP 9 form chambers 11 with adjustable outlets 12. The source material is thrown into the IC 4. The fan creates air flow. Light impurities are carried away from SC 4, and full-grain seeds and heavy impurities overcome the resistance of the air and fall on the orienting device 8, from where they are sent to its central part. From there, the whole seed material enters the PD 9. Tel impurities overcome the resistance of the air and pass through DP 9. The full-grain seeds are not able to overcome the pneumatic flow in DP 9 and are thrown into the chambers 11. 1 Cf f-ly , 1 Il.

The invention relates to the technique of separation of granular material and can be used for cleaning and sorting seeds.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the performance of the device and improve quality by controlling the speed of the pneumatic flow.

The drawing shows a diagram of the device.

A pneumatic separator for cleaning and sorting seeds consists of a hopper 1, in the lower part of which a vane brush feeder 2 is installed, connected by means of a window 3 for feeding the raw material to the middle part of the vertical pneumo-separating channel 4. The upper part of the separating channel 4 is connected to a sedimentary chamber 5 and a fan 6. In the lower part of the channel 4, a turbulizer 7 of a swinging type 7 is installed, and under window 3 a perforated orienting device 8 of medium and heavy fractions is fixed. The plates of the turbulizer 7 are at the same level of attachment to the walls of the channel 4 of the upper part of the fixture 8. Below the orienting fixture 8, a flow divider 9 is fixed coaxially with the gap, the lower part of which is connected to the upper part of the pitched surfaces 10. The lower part of the pitched surfaces 10 located under the wall of the channel 4 with a gap. The cross-sections of the lower part of the device 8 and the flow divider 9 are similar, and the cross-section of the device 8 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the flow divider 9.

In the chambers 11 formed by the flow divider 9 and the walls of the separating channel 4, adjustable outlet ports 12 are made. Below channel 4, boxes 13 and 14 are installed to collect the fractions. In 5

Depending on the shape of the channel 4, the shape of the fixture 8 changes. Gates 15 are installed in the gaps between the sloping surfaces 10 and the walls of the channel 4 in the windows 12.

The device works as follows. The material to be separated is poured into the hopper 1, from where a feeder 2 is thrown through a window 3

0 along the upward trajectory to the pneumocephtal duct 4, where an air flow is created by means of the fan 6. The plates of the turbulizer 7, having made an oscillatory motion, carry out an additional inflow of air to the channel walls,

5 align the velocity field of the pneumatic flow. Thus, the leveled air flow acts on the material to be separated, under which light impurities are carried into the sediment chamber 5, and full-grain seeds and heavy impurities overcome the air resistance and fall on the perforated orienting device 8, from where they are sent to its central part. Due to the fact that the cross-sectional area of the orienting device 8

5 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the divider 9, the entire seed flow enters the flow divider 9. Severe impurities overcome the resistance of the air environment and pass through the flow divider 9 into the box 14. The full-grained seeds are not able to overcome the pneumatic flow in the flow divider and are thrown into the chambers 11, from where they are showered on the pitched surfaces 13. The speed of the pneumatic flow in the upper part of the channel 4 is controlled by changing the frequency of rotation of the fan impeller, and in the flow unit 9 and chamber 12 - by changing the area of the exhaust ports 12. With the maximum size of windows 12 in the flow divider 9 and chamber 11, the speed is not equal opoto0

ka is almost the same (slightly higher in the flow divider 9). As the slab decreases, as the outlet ports 12, the speed in the flow divider 9 increases and in chamber 11 decreases.

Claims (2)

Invention Formula 1 A pneumatic separator device for cleaning and sorting seeds, including its vertical separation channel with a window for feeding the source material, located in the middle of the vertical separation channel in its end wall, and a turbulator installed under the window for feeding the source material, characterized in that, in order to increase the productivity of the device, it is provided with a perforated and orienting device located under the turbulator. 0 five a flow divider installed under the perforated orienting device coaxially with the gap and sloping surfaces, the upper part of which is connected to the lower part of the flow divider, and the lower part is located under the wall of the vertical separation channel with a gap, while the cross section of the lower part of the perforated orienting device and the flow divider is similar, and the cross-sectional area of the lower part of the perforated alignment device is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the flow divider. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality by adjusting the speeds of the pneumatic flow, it is equipped with gates installed in the gaps between the sloping surfaces and the walls of the vertical separation channel.