SU1501295A2 - Training device for radiotelegraphoperators - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to radio engineering. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of learning by controlling the transmission of point marks. The simulator contains a telegraph key 1, a shaper of 2 pulses, distributors 3 and 4, an AND 5 block, r-r 6 timestamps, an analysis block of 7 signs, an OR 8 block, a comparators block 9, a registration block 10 and a fixation unit / CF / 11 for changing the duration of points. The goal is achieved by introducing the BF 11, which makes it possible to increase the accuracy of transmission control by detecting squeezed and detached points, the presence of which further leads to a breakdown of the transmission. The lack of difference in transmission leads to rapid hand fatigue and produces a characteristic “handwriting” of the transmission, and very short, soundless and compressed points do not create a melodiousness of the sign, which greatly complicates its reception. The timely detection of compressed and detached points with the aid of BF 11 makes it possible to eliminate them quickly and to prevent transmission failure. 1 hp ff, 4 ill.

Description

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The invention relates to radio engineering, and can be used to train radio telegraph operators to work on the telegraph key. It is an improvement of the local invention described in the author. St. ff 1385312.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of learning by controlling the transmission of point marks.

FIG. 1 shows a structural electrical circuit diagram of the simulator; in fig. 2 is a structural electrical diagram of the node distinguishing dashes (dots) and determining the duration of a character element; in fig. 3 is a structural electrical circuit for determining the duration of pauses; in fig. 4 is a structural electrical blocking scheme for changing the duration of points.

The simulator for radio telegraphists contains a telegraph key 1, a driver of 2 pulses, the first 3 and second 4 distributors, a block of 5 elements AND, a generator of 6 time marks, a block of 7 analysis of the elements of the sign, an element of OR 8, a block of 9 comparators, a block of 10 registration and a block 11 of fixation change the duration of points.

The block of elements And contains elements And 12.

Elok Comparators contains comarators 13 and 14.

The registration block contains a counter 15 and the elements OR 16.

The block of the analysis of the elements of the sign contains the nodes 17, the differences in the dashes (points) and the determination of the duration of the element of the sign and the nodes 18 in the determination of the length of the pause.

The node distinguishes dashes (dots) and the definition of the element's sign, contains a divider 19 frequencies into three, the first 20 and second 21 counters, the first 22 and second 23 elements And, trigger 24, third 25 and four 26 elements And shaper 27 pulse about B .

The node determining the duration of the pause contains a counter 28, the first 29 and second 30 elements P.

The latching change time lock contains the first 31 and BTopoii 32 registers, the first 33 and the second FOR groups of elements OR, ШИИ 35, delay element 36, prohibition element 37, keys 38, counters 39 and indicators 40.

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The simulator13 works as follows.

When the power is turned on, at both outputs of the generator fi of the sleeping labels, clock pulses appear, valves 3 and 4, counters 15, 20, 21, 28 and 39 are set to the initial state of 1n, trigger 24 - to the second

(initial position.

When the operator sends the characters of the Morse code on the telegraph key 1, the elements of the sign (point, dash) under it are 2 pulses at the input of the driver.

The leading front of the first element of the sign forms the first pulse at the input of the shaper 2 pulses, which is fed to the first inputs of the distributors 3 and 4, providing a single potential on their first output signals, from the first south of the distribution area. , (1 for the first input of the element And 12, provides a walk-through, the jenieMepiihbix tags

from the first output of the generator 6 time marks on the input of the frequency divider 19 into three and, counter 21. The rear edge of the transmitted element is a sign: it forms the second name1; the pulse at the output of the driver 2 pulses, which goes to the first inputs of the distribution ;-; m: nd 3 and 4, ensuring the presence of a single potential at their second outputs and at the same time terminating their action

43 first exits.

If the operator has transmitted the point by the first element of the mark, then the time stamps entered into the counter 21. provide a signal on its inputs that apply signals to the first inputs of the And 23 elements. The time stamps received through the frequency divider 19 by three into the counter 20, provide the appearance of it

the outputs of the signals that are applied to the first inputs of the first And 22 elements (divider 19 reduces the number of incoming pulses into the counter 20 by three p, for).

If the operator Pervip-i passed the dash with the dash element, then the time stamps received into counter 21 overflow it, and those received through divider 19 into counter 20 provide the appearance of a pulse at its output T when the counter 20 is filled by two thirds of the capacitance, which . calls for the formation of a dash operator. The impulse from the output T of the counter 20 comes on

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nepubiii ixo; ipnri-f p, i 2 / i, obgpci} nciHBJieFiiie at its first output of unit potential, i.e. when transmitting a dash, the element And 25 opens, while transmitting the point of the opener element And 26. The second - fifth elements of the sign are similar.

If the operator has transmitted a single-element channel, the time stamps received at the first input of the counter 28 of the node 18 for determining the pause duration in a time of 2 - 2 (where is the duration of the elementary insert) provide the appearance at its second output of an overflow pulse, which through the element OR 8 enters the second inputs (installed in the end state) of the valves 3 and 4, counters 20, 21, 28 and 3 and the trigger 24, translating them into the initial state at 2-4 elements, as the pause duration between signs is equal.

If the transmitted mark consists of five elements, then the return to the initial position of the aforementioned elements of the simulator is provided by the impulse from the tenth output of the distributor 3.

When the operator transmits a two-element sign, the beginning of the formation of the second element of the sign ensures the appearance at the output of the former 2 of the third pulse, which arrives at the first inputs of the distributors 3, 4, ensures the appearance of a single potential at their third outputs, ceasing its operation second exits. Since the third output of the distributor 4 is connected to the input of the pulse generator 27, the output connected to the second inputs of the AND 25 and 26 elements, depending on the flip-flop 24, the pulse 1 appears at the output of the AND 25 (26) element; (second) output of node 17, the difference in the TIRS (point) and determining the duration of the elements of the sign goes to the corresponding inputs of the node 18 for determining the pause duration, and from the second output to the third input of the change / duration fixing block 1 1.

If the first elemergom sign was a point, then the pulse from the output of the element And 26 is fed to the second inputs of the elements And 23, ensuring reading

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information from V1.1HOLOV of the counter 21 to one input unit, comparator (pa 14, and n.h second inputs of I 30 elements, ensuring reading of information from the output (n to counter 28 to each other of the comparator 14).

If the first element of the dash sign was a dash, then the impulse s in (-hx, oh, element 10 and 25 enters the second inputs of the elements And 22, providing with: reading information from the outputs of the counter 20 to one inputs of the comparator 13, and to the second inputs of the elements And 29, providing 15 reading information from the outputs of the counter 28 to the other inputs of the comparator 13. Lp compare the second element of the mark involves the corresponding node 18, the fourth input of which 20 is connected to the second output of the block, i.e. the duration of the first pause is compared with the duration the second element of the mark ( participates twice in comparison), while reading 25 of information from the outputs of counters 20, 21 and 28 is carried out by a pulse from the fourth output of the distributor 4. The third element of the sign is compared with the second pause between the elements of the sign 30, etc. The pulses of reading information from the outputs of the counters 20, 21 and 28, starting with a two-element mark, come from the outputs of the distributor 4 after the transfer of the last element of this sign.

If the number of time marks in counter 20 (21) is higher than in counter 28, then a pulse appears at the first output of comparator 13 (14), which passes through the corresponding OR element 16 to the corresponding counter 15, registering the extension of dashes (dots) , and if on the contrary, i.e. if the number of time marks in the 20 ds counter (21) is less than in the counter 28, then at the second output of the comparator 13 (14) a pulse appears, which through the corresponding OR element 16 enters the corresponding counter 15, 5Q fixing the shortening of the dash (dot ) If the next element after the first element is a point, after the end of its transmission at the output of forshater 2, a fourth pulse appears, which enters the first inputs of the distributors 3 and 4, ensuring the appearance on their quarter-hr outputs - a single potential and its termination and the third output.

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The unit impulse formed by the forcing unit 27 of the corresponding component took into account 17 due to the unit potential from the fourth output of the rasreditel 4, from the output of the driver 27. through the second input of the element 26, to the first input of which the unit potential was fed from the second output of the trigger 24, goes to the second inputs of the And 23 elements, read information from the outputs of the counter 21 to the first inputs of the corresponding comparator 14 and the first inputs of the block 11 for fixing the change in the length of the points. At the same time, a single potential arrives at the second inputs of the elements AND 30 of the corresponding node 18 and reads information from the outputs of the counter 28 to the second inputs of the corresponding comparator 14 and the second inputs of the block 11 for fixing the change in the length of points. Information on the duration of the point received at the first inputs of the block 11 of fixing the change in the duration of points, through the group of 33 elements OR is fed to the information (fourth) inputs of the register 31, and information about the duration of the pause between the elements of the character (points, dashes and points) received at the second the inputs of the block 11 for fixing the change in the duration of the points, through a group of 34 OR elements, is fed to the fourth (informational) inputs of the register 32,

The same unit impulse from the output of the AND 26 element goes through the IZH 35 element to the first control inputs of registers 31 and 32, ensuring the transfer of the latter to parallel recording mode, and, having passed through the delay element 36, goes to the second control inputs of registers 31 and 32 by making a parallel entry into each of them, through the fourth inputs of binary information. Clock pulses from the additional generator output 6 timestamps to third control inputs of registers 31 and 32 read binary information from the outputs of registers 31 and 32, respectively, to the first (control) and second (and formative) inputs of the element 37 - reta. When posting units (variables) on the first and second; the inputs of element 37 of chapret at the exit of the p.dsdirp system are missing. UDCH

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stopping the arrival of units from the output of the pcm Istra 31 at the control input of elempite 57 appears zero potential. The next unit (time stamp) from the output of register 32, if the point is compressed or there is a point breakage, through the key 38, to the control input of which the unit potential is fed from the fourth output of the distributor 4, passes to the input of one of the counters 39. The counter 39 fixes the number impulses for which the pause between the elements of the sign is greater than a point. If this number exceeds the preset set} {about a switch (not shown) the capacity of the counter 39 (required accuracy), then an overflow pulse appears at the output of the latter, which illuminates the corresponding indicator 40. The luminous indicator 40 indicates the tightness (detachment) of the point and her place in the sign.

The use of the simulator allows to increase the accuracy, control of the transfer due to the detection of compressed and detached points, the presence of which further leads to a breakdown of the transfer. The lack of distinctiveness in transmission leads to a strong hand fatigue and produces characteristic handwriting problems, and very short, silent and compressed points do not create a melodious mark, which makes it very difficult to accept.

The timely detection of compressed and detached points makes it possible, using appropriate techniques, to eliminate them more quickly and not to. let the transmission stall.

FORUMY ii a invention

Claims (2)

1. Simulator for wireless telegraphy on author. St. No. 1385312, characterized in that, in order to improve learning efficiency by controlling the transfer of point marks, a block of fixing changes in the duration of points was left, the first and second inputs of which are connected to the corresponding first and second outputs of the sign element analysis block which are connected to the third inputs of the latching unit of changing the duration of points, the fourth input) 1 of which is connected to the corresponding outputs of the second distributor, an additional output the time stamp generator is connected to the fifth input of the block of fixing the change in the duration of points, the sixth input of which is connected to the output of element I. 2. The simulator according to claim 1, that is, with the fact that the fixation block for changing the duration of points contains the first and second registers, the first and second group of elements OR, the delay element, the keys, the prohibition element, the counters , the indicator, and the OR element, the icoToporo output is connected to the first inputs of the first and second modules and to the input of the delay element, the output of which is connected to the second inputs of the first and second registers, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the prohibition element, the output of which is connected to the first inputs key d. the outputs of which through the corresponding counters are connected to the inputs of the corresponding indicators, while the outputs of the first and second groups of OR elements are connected to the fourth inputs of the first and second registers, respectively, the third inputs of which are combined, and the second inputs of the counters are the sixth input of the fixing unit for changing the duration of points , the first and second inputs of which are the inputs of the first and second groups of OR elements, respectively, the inputs of the OR element are the third inputs of the change hold unit These points, the fourth inputs of which are the second inputs of keys, the combined third inputs of the first and second registers are the fifth input of the latching block for changing the duration of the points. fig.Z F&