SU1532963A1 - Radiotelegraph operator trainer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to training devices and can be used to train radio telegraph speedterers of transmissions on the key of Morse code characters. The purpose of the invention is to expand the didactic capabilities of the device. The simulator contains a Morse code shaper 1, a differentiation element 2, a switching unit 3, a block 4 for comparing character elements, a block 5 for allocating the duration of transmitted characters, a block 6 for allocating the length of check characters, a switch 7, a block 8 for error selection, a shaper 9 for single pulses, a block 10 registration, generator 11 pulses, telegraph key 12 and alarm board 13 alarm. The introduction of the switching unit 3, the error highlighting unit 8, the text and control character selection blocks 5 and 6, and the switch 7 allows the trainees to develop the skills of transmitting the characters of the Morse code with a predetermined speed exceeding 100 characters per minute. and fixing violations of proportionality and structural errors. 13 il.

Description

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The invention relates to training devices and is intended to train the speed telegraph telegraph operator on the key.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the didactic capabilities of the device by ensuring the effective conduct of the radio telegraphists' training in transmitting key Morse codes at high speeds (above 100 characters per 1 minute) and detecting errors associated with a violation of the structure of characters by the student. "

FIG. 1 shows a structural diagram of the simulator} in FIG. 2 is a functional diagram of a Morse code generator; in fig. 3 - switching unit

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in fig. 4 - unit comparison of the elements of the sign; in fig. 5 - block allocation of the duration of the transmitted characters; in fig. 6 is a block highlighting the duration of check marks; Fig.7 - switch; in fig. 8 is an error allocation block (structural); in fig. 9 - the same, single pulse shaper; in fig. 10 - registration unit (results); in fig. 11 - pulse generator; in fig. 12 - information board; in fig. 13 - timing diagrams explaining the operation of blocks for detecting the duration of transmitted symbols and check marks.

The wireless telegraph simulator contains a Morse code shaper 1, a differentiation element 2, a switching unit 3, a block 4 for comparing character elements, a block 5 for selecting the length of text characters, a block 6 for extracting the length of control characters, a switch 7, a block 8 for highlighting errors (structural), a shaper 9 for single pulses, registration unit 10 (results), generator 11 pulses, telegraph key 12 and information board 13.

Shaper 1 characters of Morse code contains counter decoder 14, switch 15 ,, - IS, where n is the number of different characters of Morse code, encoder 16, memory register 17, first and second delay elements 18 and 19, and OR element 20.

Switching unit 3 includes a differentiation element 21, a prohibition element 22, first and second RS-flip-flops 23 and 24, a counter 25 and a one-shot 26 (potential).

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Block 4 comparison of the elements of characters contains the node 27 evaluation of transmitted characters, the node 28 evaluation of reference signs-answers and fixing the end of the sign, a group of ring reversible I counters 29, - 299 and a multi-input element OR 30.

Block 5 for detecting the length of text characters includes an NOT element 31, an adjustable one-shot 32, an And element 33, a ban element 34 and a delay element 35.

The block 6 for detecting the length of the check marks includes a three-input element OR NOT 36 and an element 37 of the prohibition.

Switch 7 has a trigger 38, the element AND 39.and the element OR 40.

Error allocation block 8 contains registers 41 and 42 of memory, the first and second groups of elements AND, and, where t is the maximum number of ones and zeros in a formalized Morse code sign, a group of elements EXCLUSIVE OR NOT 45, -45 a multi-input element AND 46, delay element 47 and NOT element 48.

The shaper 9 single pulses has an element And 49 and one-shot 50.

The registration (results) unit 10 contains a counter 51 of the number of characters transmitted without violation of proportionality, a counter 52 of the number of characters transmitted with violation of proportionality, and a counter 53 of incorrect answers.

Pulse generator 11 includes a time stamp generator 54 and divider 55 by ten (clock generator).

Board 13 contains banners Attention, Work, End and an indicator indicating the beginning of the transfer of the next character.

The device works as follows.

Previously, the head (trained) of the switches 15 in the imaging unit 1 is set in accordance with the text of the telegram, and the switches on the generator 54 and the one-oscillator 32 are set in accordance with a given transmission rate, which is worked out during the training. Then turn on the power. The counters and registers are reset, generator 11 is started. The trigger 23 of unit 3 supplies a single potential with

the second exit to the first input of the board 13, ensuring the flashing of the transponnt Attention permitting the work on the telegraph key 12.

The student transmits the first character of the text. The elements of the mark (positive dressings) from the output of the telegraph key 12 are fed to the first input of block 5, which determines the duration of the text transmitted by the student, to the input of trigger 30 and the OR element 40 of the synchronous switch 7, thereby ensuring the output the last (element 39) pulses (since the other inputs of the trigger 30 and elements 39 and 40 receive clock pulses from the output of the divider 55 of the generator 11), adequate to the pulses taken from the first output of the register 17 of the forcing device 1, and to the input of the element 21 of the block 3 .

The first impulse formed by the leading edge of the transmitted sign from the output of the element 21 will go to the information input of the element 22 and to the first input of the trigger 23, transferring it. in a single position (at the first exit a single potential) -. Transparency The attention on the scoreboard 13 is extinguished. A single potential from the output of the trigger 23 enters the first input of the trigger 24, ensuring the appearance at the second output of a single potential, which includes a transparency. The board 13 shows zero potential from the first output of the trigger 24 to the control input of the element 22, providing the first pulse from the output of the element 21, fixing the transfer of the first element of the mark to the first input of the node 27 of block 4. Pulses of time marks coming from the generator 54 (from the first output of the generator 11) to the second input of the node 27, from its first output ut to the first (summing) the input of the ring-down counter 29 |

The second pulse, formed by the falling edge of the element of the transmitted sign, fixing the end of the first element of the sign and the beginning of the second element, arriving at the first input of the node 27, stops feeding time marks from its first output and ensures their passage from the second output to the first (summing) input of the reversible counter 29 ,.

The time of arrival of time marks to the first inputs of the corresponding counters 29 is determined by the duration of the elements of the sign and the pauses between them, formed by the trainee using a telegraph key 12.

Upon receipt of the next (second) element of the mark at the first input

Q node 27 stops feeding time stamps from its second output and ensures that they pass from the third output to the first input of counter 29j, etc., with each odd

5, the pulse arriving at the input of the node 27 determines the beginning of the arrival of the transmitted character element and the end of the formation of a pause, and each even pulse indicates the end of the arrival of the transmitted element of the character and the beginning of the formation of a pause.

At the same time, a single potential from the output of the trigger 23 of block 3 is fed to the input of the one-shot 26, to the end of which a short single pulse is formed. This pulse through the input of the element OR 20 driver 1 is fed to the input of counter-decoder 14, causing the appearance of a single potential at its first output, which through switch 15, is fed to the corresponding input of the encoder 16, ensuring that the sign of Morse code is indicated at its outputs on the switch 151, in the -. de binary formalized number in which a dot corresponds to 1, a dash 111, and a pause between elements of the O sign. The pulse from the output of the element OR 20 is also fed through the delay element 18 to the input V4 of the register 17, making the latter go into parallel recording mode, and through delay element 19,

from arriving at the input of Cg register 17, ensuring parallel recording from the output of the encoder 16 to register 17.

The clock pulses from the second output of the generator 11 to

input C of the register 17, sequentially extends the binary combination of the character from the first (of three) input of the register 17 to the third input of block 8 and to the input of differentiation element 2. The first impulse from the output of element 2, formed by the leading edge of the control sign, is fed to the first input of the node 28 of block 4, ensuring the passage of temporary

tags coming from the first output of the generator 11 to the second input from the first output of the node 28 to the second (subtractive) input of the reversible counter 29 o

The second impulse, formed by the falling edge of the control sign element, will go to the first input of node 28, stop applying time marks from its first output and ensure their passage from the second person to the second input of counter 292. At the same time, the time of arrival of the time marks to the second inputs of the corresponding LISTING meters 29 is determined by the duration of the elements of the characters and the pauses between them, formed by the shaper 1 "

Upon receipt of the next character element, the process is repeated as described.

If the number of time marks received at the second (subtractive) input of counter 29 is equal to, more or less than one label, the number of tags received at the first (summing) input, ie “the error in this element of the sign does not exceed the permissible limits, then the output the counter 29 according to the Vits unit potential, which through the element OR 30 enters the third input of the node 28, ensuring the appearance at its first output of a pulse, which is fed into the counter 51 of the block 10 and will fix the absence of a proportionality violation in this sign

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If the number of timestamps received at the second input of the counter 29 is more or less than two marks of the number of timestamps received at the first input, i.e. If the error in this element of the symbol exceeds the permissible limits, then the zero potential at the output of the counter 29 does not change. At the second output of the node 28 in terms of Wits pulse, which will go to the input of the counter 52 and will fix the violation of proportionality in this sign.

Upon completion of the transfer of the control sign at node 28, the Wits end-of-sign pulse will return the counters of nodes 28 and 27 (via the third output-input) to the initial state, and then, arriving from the fourth output (with a delay) to the third inputs of the reversible counters 29 , set the last to the starting position.

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The code combinations of characters received from the outputs of the synchronous clock switch 7 and register 17 of driver 1 to the first and third inputs of block 8, respectively, the inputs of V registers 41 and 42 as ones and zeros (Fig. 13a e) are recorded in them by clock pulses coming from the first outputs of blocks 5 and 6 to the second and fourth inputs of block 8 are inputs Q, registers 41 and 42, respectively, and are applied from their outputs to the first inputs of elements And 43 and 44.

When the student transmits the sign elements (Fig. 13a), the sequence of parcels from the output of the telegraph key 12 is fed to the input of the NOT element 31 of block 5. The inner sequence from the output of the HE element 31 (Fig. 136) is fed to the input of the one-vibrator 32 and element 35, time the delay of which is equal to the response time of the one-shot 32. The leading edge of the inverted pulse triggers the one-shot 32, at the output of which a zero potential with a duration of 1.5 times the clock pulse period appears (Fig. 13c). The zero potential of T 33, to another input of which an inverted sequence of elements of the sign from the output of element 35 is applied, provided a definition of the duration of the transmitted sign (Fig. 13d), the zero potential from the output of element And 33 goes to the control input of the prohibition element 34, providing the passage of clock pulses from the second output of the generator 11 to the input C of the register 41 of block 8 (Fig. 13e).

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At the end of the transfer of the first character, the student pauses, equal to 3Ј, where t is the elementary premise — the point. The zero pulse from the output of the one-shot 32 ends before the inverted single pause pulse between the characters (Fig. 136, B). The single potential (fig. 13d) applied to the control input of element 34 stops the clock pulses to input C, register 41 and is applied to the first input of the OR-NOT element 36 of the unit 6 potential unit (element of the sign combination of the sign - fig. 13e) from the output of register 17 of former 1, at the output of the element OR NOT 36 appears

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zero potential (Fig. 13g), which is fed to the control input of the element 37, ensuring the passage of clock pulses (Fig. 13h) to the input C of the register 42 of block 8.

At the end of the binary code combination (zero potentials appear on all three outputs of register 17), a single potential appears at the output of the OR-NO 36 element (Fig. 13i), which from its output goes to the control input of the element 37, stopping the flow of clock pulses input C, register 42, and the second input of the element And 49 shaper 9.

The appearance of a single potential at the output of the element And 49 fixes the end of the transmitted and control characters.

The leading edge of the pulse (Fig. 13i of the And 49 element forms a short pulse at the output of the oscillator 50) (Fig. 13k), which is fed to the fifth input of block 8 — the second inputs of the And 43 and 44 elements, carrying information from the outputs of the registers 41 and 42 at the inputs of the elements EXCLUSIVE OR NOT 45.

If the code combinations recorded in registers 41 and 42 are the same, then when a pulse arrives Poll, the unit potential at the output of the And 46 element does not change, at the output of the element NE 48 there is a zero potential.

If the code combinations recorded in registers 41 and 42 are not the same, then when a pulse arrives. The interrogation at the output of the element NOT 48 is sent to the pulse that goes to the counter 53 of the unit 10 and will record the correct answer. Pulse Poll through delay element 47 will go to the setup inputs of registers 41 and 42 and return them to their original state.

At the same time, the Poll pulse is fed to the second input of block 3, having recorded a sign feed in counter 25, to the first input of driver 1, to provide a check mark (corresponding to the text), and to the input of the LED of board 13, the flash of which determines the start of transmission of the next sign.

When the trainee transfers the next character of the text, the work of the blocks, nodes and elements of the simulator is similar to that described.

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After transmitting the 250th mark (the last telegram sign), the output of the counter 25 of block 3 is followed by an overflow pulse that goes to the second inputs of the flip-flops 23 and 24, transfer them to the zero position (the second potentials of the flip-flops have the unit potentials) and ensure the banners are lit End and Attention.

According to the indicators of the counters 51 and 52 of the block 10, judgments about the quality of the transfer of characters (respect for proportionality between the elements of the mark), and according to the readings of the counter 53, about the correct reproduction of the characters of the text at a set speed.

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formula of invention

A wireless telegraph simulator containing a Morse code shaper, a single pulse shaper, a sign element comparison unit, a differentiation element, a pulse generator, an information board and a registration unit, the first and second information inputs of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the sign element comparison block whose clock input is connected to the first the output of the generator. pulses, and the first information input is connected to the output of the differentiation element, the input of which is connected to the first output of the A Morse code explorer, the clock input of which is connected to the second output of the pulse generator, characterized in that, in order to expand the didactic capabilities of the device, an error extraction unit, a transmission unit for the duration of transmitted characters, a selection unit for the duration of control characters, a switch and a switching unit are inserted into it, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the second information input of the comparison unit of the elements of the sign, the first information input of the Morse code generator and the first, second and third inputs of the information display, the fourth input of which is connected to the second information input of the Morse code generator, the read input of the error allotment unit, the control input of the switching unit and the output of the single pulse generator, the inputs of which are connected respectively to the first outputs of the allocation unit

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of the transmitted and control characters {s, the second outputs of which are connected to the first and second information inputs of the error recovery unit, the output of which is connected to the third information input of the registration unit, and the first and second control inputs are connected to the output of the switch and the first the output of the Morse code driver, the other outputs of which connect

They are not connected to the information inputs of the block of duration of control characters, the clock input of which is connected to the second output of the clock generator, the control input of the block of the duration of transmitted characters, the information input of which is connected to the output of the telegraph key, the information input of the switching unit.

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Claims (1)

Claim 20 A simulator of a wireless telegraph operator containing a Morse code generator, a single pulse generator, a sign element comparison unit, a differentiation element, a 25 pulse generator, an information board and a registration unit, the first and second information inputs of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the sign element comparison unit, a clock input 30 which is connected to the first output of the pulse generator, and the first information input is connected to the output of the differentiation element, the input of which is connected to the first output 35 Morse code generator, the clock input of which is connected to the second output of the pulse generator, different. the fact that, ’in order to expand the didactic capabilities of the device, an error highlighting unit has been introduced into it; a block for separating the duration of the transmitted characters, a block for allocating the duration of the control characters, a switch and a switching unit 45, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the second information input of the sign element comparison unit, the first information input of the Morse code generator and 50 to the first, second and third inputs of the information board, the fourth input of which is connected to the second information input of the Morse code generator, the read input of the error block, the control input of the switching unit and the output of the single pulse generator, the inputs of which are connected respectively to the first / outputs of the allocation blocks long 1 1 tei of transmitted and control characters, the second outputs of which are connected respectively to the first and second information inputs of the error allocation unit, the output of which is union of a third data input of the recording unit, and the first and second control inputs connected soot1532963 Nena 12 with information input unit. allocating the duration of the control characters, the clock input of which is connected to the second output of the clock generator, controlling the input of the unit for allocating the duration of the transmitted characters, the information input of which is connected to the output I Fiz. 5 FIG. 7 FIG. 8 FIG. 11 _in Ι ~ Ί Π П nj — ί π Π Γ ~ Ί ΓΊ Γ ~ 8 A δ ΓΊ—. PL..DSH__Ο Οo n ......... g_d * ~~~ Ί L P. Γ ~ Ί Π Π “L Π f — Ί - Д 'η 1 - ΓΊ ..... £ * Π Ο ΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠ Π Π Π PLΠ Π Π Π ΠΠ Π Π Π _Π Π PPL Π Π Π Π P- D e .TZZLlin ___ ΙΊ_Γ ~ Ί Π Π Γ ~ Ί ΓΊ ί ~ Ί D * □ _____ Ο ______ P. _____________J and ....................... Π - ... Π -D <__________________ 0__Π ............... .................. Φ & 13