SU1239742A1 - Device for training radiotelegraph operators - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to devices for training radio telegraph operators on key transmission. The aim of the invention is to expand the didactic capabilities of the simulator. The simulator contains an information input unit, a delay element, a counter, a comparison unit, a counter unit, an indication unit, a pulse generator, a reference generator, a delay element, a decoder, an OR element. The simulator allows you to quickly control the values of the transmitted characters in comparison with the reference ones. 1 hp f-ly, 2 ill.

Description

UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLINS

1239742 A1

USSR STATE NOMINATION FOR CASES OF INVENTIONS AND OPENINGS

ALL-Union

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

TO AUTHOR'S CERTIFICATE

MSMOTEMA (21) 3809278 / 24-24 (22) 11/05/84 (46) 06/23/86. Bull. No. 23 (72) V. B. Kudryavtsev and N. I. Kudryashov (53) 681.3.071 (088.8) (56) USSR Copyright Certificate No. 1098025, cl. G 09 B 19/26, 1983.

USSR copyright certificate No. 111 1195, cl. G 09 B 19/26, 1983.

(54) RADIO-TELEGRAPHIC SIMULATOR (57) The invention relates to devices for training radio telegraphs on key transmission. The aim of the invention is to expand the didactic capabilities of the simulator. The simulator contains an information input unit, a delay element, a counter, a comparison unit, a counter unit, an indication unit, a pulse generator, a reference package generator, a delay element, a decoder, an OR element. The simulator allows you to quickly control the magnitude of the transmitted characters in comparison with the reference. 1 s.p. f-ly, 2 ill.

The invention relates to -devices for teaching wireless telegraph operators transmitting on a key.

The purpose of the invention is the expansion of the didactic capabilities of the simulator.

In FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a simulator; in FIG. 2 is a functional diagram of a comparison element.

The simulator of a wireless telegraph operator contains an information input unit 1, a delay element 2, a counter 3, a comparison unit 4, a counter unit 5, an indication unit 6, a pulse generator 7, a reference shaper 8, a delay element 9, a decoder 10, an OR element 11.

The information input unit 1 comprises a short pulse shaper 12, a telegraph key 13 and a differentiation element 14 ′, the output of the shaper 12 is the output 15 of the block. Block 4 comparison contains-elements 16 ₁ -16 _? comparisons. Block 5 counters has the nodes of the counters 17, -179, consisting of the first and. the second counters, while the odd nodes consider deviations of the durations of the elements, and even - deviations of the durations of pauses.

The indicating unit 6 contains the nodes of indicators 18, -18 ^, consisting of the first and second indicators, the first indicator indicating an increase, and the second indicating a decrease in an element (odd nodes), pauses (even nodes) compared to the reference one.

Shaper 8 reference signals has a generator 19 time stamps, element And 20, one-shot 21, element 22 of the delay (2 ?, where? Is the duration of the chip).

The comparison element 16 contains the first 23, the second 24, the third 25 AND elements and the HE 26 element. The reference signal generator 8 also contains a trigger 27 (with a counting input), a counter 28, a trigger 29, the AND elements 30 and 31, the OR elements 32 and 33 and differentiation element 34.

The simulator works as follows.

Before starting work, rebuilding the one-shot 21 and the generators 7 and 19, set the duration of the standard elements of the sign, based on the transmission speed that the learner has reached to date.

They turn on the power, the counters and indicators are set to their initial position, the generator 19 starts. The simulator is ready for operation.

With a telegraphic key 13, the student forms the first element of the sign, for example, a dash .. The positive potential from the output of block 1 goes to the input of the And 20 element, to the other input of which time marks from the generator 19 are supplied. The time marks from the output of the And 20 element arrive at the counter 28, where their number is calculated. Moreover, if the number of pulses is 1.5?, Then the counter 28 is overflowed, which indicates that the trainee has transmitted a dash, and the overflow pulse is fed to the input of trigger 27, setting the latter to its original state (at direct output 0) and preparing it for receiving the reference , pulses, and to the single (S) input of the trigger 29, ensuring that a unit potential is supplied from its direct output to the input of the And 30 element and has prepared a circuit for passing through the reference element (dash).

The first element of the sign (dash) from the output of the telegraph key 13, passing through the differentiation element 14, is converted into two pulses generated by the leading and trailing edges, and through the shaper 12 (short rectangular pulse) is fed to the input of the delay element 2 and the input of the shaper 8 , into which only even impulses arrive. *. From the output of element 2, the first pulse, delayed by 2?, Arrives at the input of counter 3, ensuring that a unit potential appears on the first output of the decoder 10, which is applied to the first input of element 16 ^, and the input of the controlled (standby) generator 7 is ensured by -> 'phenomenon at its output of reference pulses whose duration is equal to? .

I

The reference pulse from the Output of the generator 1 is supplied to the counting input of the trigger 27 and translates it into a single state. The next reference pulse translates the trigger 27 to the zero state, forming a pulse with a duration of 2Z at the direct output. At the output of the OR element 32, an impulse of 3 s duration (dash) is generated, which through the And 30 element is supplied to the inputs of the OR element 33: and the differentiation element 34. At the output of the OR 33 element, a single potential appears (reference dash), which is applied to the second inputs of the odd elements 16. A comparison of the sign formed by the learner and the reference elements of the sign occurs in element 16, since only its first and second inputs simultaneously have the elements 24 and 25 there is zero potential.

If a unit potential arrives at the first input of element 23 and S, the duration of which is less than the duration of a single potential that has arrived at the second input, then at the output of element 25 the unit potentials appear from the output of decoder 10 and driver 8. Pulse from the output of the element 34, formed by the trailing edge of the reference dash, enters the zero (R) input of the trigger 29, ensuring the appearance of a single potential 15 on its inverse output, which is applied to the second input of the element And 31, preparing the circuit for passage de passages en douane elements mark length £ (point). 20

The second short pulse from the output _{4 of the} shaper 12, received at the second input of the counter 28 of the shaper, sets the counter 28 to its original state. 25

The second delayed short pulse, which means the end of the first element of the sign (dash) and the beginning of the second (pause), from the output of element 2 is fed to the input of the counter 3 and ensures the termination of the unit potential at the first output of the decoder 10 and its appearance at the second output, which fed to the first input of element 161. ₃

Second, the pulse from the output of the former 1-2, delayed by 2? element 22, simultaneously enters the input of the single-shot 21 and provides the formation of a reference pulse _{40 of} duration Z (pause). The pulse of the reference pause from the output of the one-shot 21 is fed to the second inputs of the even elements 16. The comparison between the trainee and the standard pauses is generated in element 16 ₂ , since only its first and second inputs are supplied with single signals, the potentials from the outputs of the decryption [10 and shaper 8, ₅₀

If the duration of the sign element formed by the trainee (dashes, pauses, points) is equal to the duration of the reference, then the outputs of element 16 do not have time stamps compared, 55 since, at the same time, the same potentials arrive at the inputs of element And 23 at one of the inputs there are exchange marks at the input of the second counter of the unit block 5.

The third pulse from the output of element 2, corresponding to the end of the pause and the beginning of the second element of the sign (for example, a point], is fed to the input of the counter 3 and ensures that a unit potential appears on the third output of the decoder 10, which is fed to the first input of element 16 ₉ and to the input of the controlled generator 7, which provides the appearance of a reference pulse at its output. The reference pulse is fed to the counting input of trigger 27 and puts it into a single state. It does not pass to a single pulse at the output of shaper 8, since At the same time, the reference impulse (point) from the output of the generator 7 is supplied to the first input of the And 31 element, the other input of which is supplied with the unit potential from the output of the trigger 29, and passes through the OR 33 to the second inputs of the odd elements 16. Comparison of the formed and reference points occurs in element 16 ₉ as described.

The fourth output from the output of element 2, corresponding to the end of the second element of the sign and the beginning of the second pause, is fed to the input of the counter 3 and ensures that a unit potential appears on the fourth output of the decoder 10, which is fed to the first input of element 16 ₄ . At the same time, from the output of the one-shot 21 to the second inputs of the even elements 16 receives a reference pulse. Comparison of the generated and reference pause pulses occurs in element 16 ^ as described.

If the duration of the generated pause is equal to or greater than 22 '' corresponding to formation intervals between marks equal 2ιΖ, the second output of the first counter assembly April ₁₇ (capacitance of the first counters of the even nodes duration chosen equal to Z) po1239742 is an overflow pulse which through the element OR 11 enters the second input of counter 3, returning the latter to its original state, to the second inputs of the counters 17 nodes of block g 5, by reading information into the corresponding indicators of nodes 18 of block 6, and to the second inputs of indicators 18 knots s, providing illumination of the recorded information. 10

If the learner lengthens the elements of the sign, then the excess value compared to the reference element is displayed in the first 18 nodes indicators, and if it is shortened then in the second 15 indicators 18 nodes, the Deviation Indication is displayed during the formation of the next sign. .

If the transmitted sign consists of j _: 20 five elements (dots, dashes), then the tenth pulse received from the output of element 2 to the input of counter 3 ensures the appearance of a unit potential at the tenth output of decoder 10, 25 of which through element 9 (with time delays 2 t) and the OR element 11. enters the second input of the counter 3 and the second inputs of blocks 5 and 6, and returns to its original state, reading and displaying information similar to that described.

Claims (2)

one The invention relates to devices for teaching radio telegraphs to transmit on the key, The purpose of the invention is to expand the didactic capabilities of the simulator. FIG. 1 shows a structural diagram of the simulator; in fig. 2 is a functional schema of the reference element. The wireless telegraph simulator contains information input block 1, delay element -2, counter 3, comparison block 4, counter block 5, indication block 6, pulse generator 7, reference driver shaper 8, delay element 9, decoder 10, OR element 11. The information input unit 1 comprises a short pulse driver 12, a telegraph key 13 and a differentiation element 14, the output of the driver 12 is the output 15 of the block. Comparison block contains .elements 16 (-16o compare. Block 5 has counter nodes 17, -Ag consisting of first and second counters, while odd nodes count deviations of element durations, and even even deviations of pause durations The display unit 6 contains indicator nodes 18, -18, consisting of the first and second indicators, with the first indicator indicating an increase, and the second indicating a decrease in the element (odd nodes), pauses (even nodes) in comparison with the reference one. The shaper 8 of the reference signals has a generator 19 timestamps, the element And 20, about 21 vibrator, the element 22 of the delay (2, where T is the duration of the elementary parcel). The comparison element 16 contains the first 23, second 24, third 25 AND elements and the NOT element 26. The shaper 8 of the reference signals also contains a trigger 27 (with a counting input, the counter 28, the trigger 29, the AND elements 30 and 31, the OR elements 32 and 33, and 34 differentiations.  The simulator works as follows. Before starting work, rearranging the one-shot 21 and the generators 7 and 19, set the duration of the reference elements of the mark, based on the transfer rate, which the student has achieved so far. Turn on power, counters and indicators are set to original 39742 .2 position, generator 19 is running. The simulator is ready for operation. With a telegraph key 13, the learner forms the first element of the sign, for example, a dash. A positive potential from the output of block 1 is fed to the input of the element AND 20, to another input of which time stamps are sent from the generator 19. Time marks from  About the output of the element And 20 arrive at the counter 28, where their number is counted. At the same time, if the number of pulses is equal to 1, 5 t, then the counter 28 overflows, which indicates the transfer of the dash, and the overflow pulse is fed to the input of the trigger 27, setting the latter to the initial state (at the direct output O) and preparing - his days of receiving reference. 20 pulses, and to the single (S) input of the trigger 29, providing from its direct output a single potential to the input element I 30 and preparing the circuit for passing the reference element 25 menta (dash). The first element of the sign (dash) from the output of the telegraph key 13, passed through the differentiation element 14, is converted into two pulses generated by the leading and trailing edges and through the driver 12 (short square pulse) to the input of the delay element 2 and the input Former 8, in which, 35 received only even pulses. . From the output of element 2, the first pulse delayed by time 2 arrives at the input of counter 3, ensuring the appearance at the first output 40 of the encoder 10 of a single potential that is applied to the first input of element 16 and the input of the controlled (waiting) generator 7 , ensuring the appearance at its output of reference 45 pulses, the duration of which is equal to G. I The reference impulse from the generator 7 output enters the counting input of the trigger 27 and translates it into a single state. The next reference impulse transfers the trigger 27 to the zero state, forming a pulse with duration at the direct output 2. At the output of the element OR 32, a pulse of duration 3 i (dash) is formed, which through the element 30 arrives at the inputs of the element OR 33 and the element 34 of differentiation. On the output of the element I.PI 33 appears a single potential (a reference dash which is applied to the second inputs of the odd elements 16. A comparison of the sign formed by the student and the reference elements of the sign occurs in the element 16, because only its first and second inputs simultaneously have unit potentials the output of the decoder 10 and the memory transmitter 8. The pulse from the output of element 34, formed by the falling edge of the reference dash, arrives at the zero (R) input of the trigger 29, ensuring the appearance of a unit potential at its inverse kladyvaets to the second input of AND gate 31, preparing the circuit for the passage of reference elements of duration t mark (point). The second short pulse from the output of the imaging unit 12, which has arrived at the second input of the imaging counter 28, sets the counter 28 to the initial state. The second delayed short pulse, indicating the end of the first element of the sign (dash) and the beginning of the second (pause), from the output of element 2 enters the input of counter 3 and ensures the termination of a single potential at the first output of the decoder 10 and its appearance at the second output, which is fed to the first input element 1 bl. The second pulse from the output of the imaging device 1-2, delayed by 2 by the element 22, simultaneously enters the input of the one-shot 21 and ensures the formation of a reference pulse with a duration of (pause). The pulse of the reference pause from the output of the one-shot 21 is fed to the second inputs of even elements 16. Comparison formed by the learner and the reference pause occurs in the element 162, since only at its first and second inputs are single signals simultaneously, the potentials from the outputs of the decoder 10 and the driver 8, If the capacity of the sign element formed by the student (dash, pause, point) is equal to the duration of the reference, then there are no time mark comparisons at the inputs of I I, since, at the same time, the same potentials are received at the inputs of the AND 23 at one of the inputs 2397424 elements 24 and 25 there is zero potential. If a single potential arrives at the first input element AND 23, the 5 of which is less than the duration of the single potential received at the second input, then at the output of the element 25 there appear time marks that arrive at the input O of the second counter of the node of the block 5. Third pulse from the output of element 2, corresponding to the end of the pause and the beginning of the second element of the sign (for example, a point, is fed to the input 15 of the counter 3 and provides the appearance at the third output of the decoder 10 a unit potential that is fed to the first input of the element 16 and The input of the controlled generator 7, 20 ensures the reference pulse at its output. The reference enters the counting input of the trigger 27 and translates it into a single state. At a single pulse 25, the output of the former 8 does not pass, because A zero potential is applied to the second input of the AND 30 element. At the same time, the reference pulse (point) from the output of the generator 7 is fed to the first input of the I 3 element, to the other input of which is fed to the unit potential from the output of the trigger 29, and through the element OR 33 passes to the second inputs of the odd elements 16. The comparison of the formed and reference points occurs in the element 16 similarly described. five The fourth output from the output of element 2, corresponding to the end of the second element of the sign and the beginning of the second pause, enters the input of counter 3 and provides the appearance at the fourth output of the decoder 10 of a single potential that is fed to the first input of element 16 ;. Simultaneously from the output of the one-shot 21 to the second inputs of the even elements 16 receives a reference pulse. Comparison of the formated and reference impulse pauses occurs in element 16 in the same way as described. If the length of the formed power is equal to or exceeds 22, which corresponds to the formation of a power between characters equal to 3, then at the second output of the first 11-node counter, (the capacity of the first counters of even nodes is equal in duration) which through the element OR 1 1 enters the second input of the counter 3, causing the latter to return to its initial state, the second inputs. counters 17 nodes of block j, outputs of the block of counters, and output 5, read information into the corresponding indicators of nodes 18 of block 6, and the second inputs of indicators 18 nodes, ensuring that the recorded information is displayed. If the learner lengthens the elements of the sign, then the magnitude of the comparison compared to the reference element is displayed in the first indicators of 18 knots, and if shortened, then in the second indicators of 1B nodes, the indication of deviations is highlighted during the formation of the next character. . with the second inputs of the counter, the counter block and the display unit, the second, third and fourth inputs of the comparison unit are connected respectively to the first, second and third outputs of the electronic signal generator, the third input of which is connected to the first output of the response input unit, input; generator the pulses are connected, with the output 5 of the first delay element, 2, The simulator according to claim 1, 1, of tl and h aa yu and so that the forwarder of the reference signals contains serially connected delay elements If the passed character consists of; 20 and a one-shot, the output of which is five elements (dots, dashes), is made by the first output of the driver, with the first pulse from the output of the first OR element, successively of element 2 to the input of counter 3, provided by the element of differentiation It appears on the tenth output either, the first trigger of the first elec- tricker, 10 of a single potential, 25 And, successively connected through element 9 (with time the second trigger, the second element OR and the second element AND, the output of which is connected to the input of the differentiation element and the first input of the first element 30 of the OR, the second input of which is connected to the output of the perzy element AND, and the output is the second output of the former, the third element AND connected in series with the input of the delay element and is the first input of the imager, the counter output is connected to the first input of the second trigger and the second input of the first counter, the second output of which is co-counter, decoder, comparison unit, dinene The second input of the second counter block and the display block, And, the second inputs of the second trigger and the second inputs of the generator of the reference signals are connected to the delay latch 2} and the OR 11 element. The second input of the counter 3 and the second inputs of the blocks 5 and 6, and returning to the initial state, reading and displaying information in the same way as described. Invention Formula 1, a wireless telegraph simulator, containing a driver of reference signals, a pulse generator and a series-connected response input unit, the first delay element. 35 40 pa and element OR. and the first element AND are the second input formed with the second output of the response input block and the output of the pulse generator, characterized in that, in order to expand the didactic capabilities of the simulator, the element OR is entered and the second element t, .-. - delays, the input of which is connected to the second output of the decoder, and the output is one of the inputs of the OR element, the other inputs of which are connected to the other second element AND, the output of which is connected to the input of the differentiation element and the first input of the first element OR, the second input of which connected to the output of a perceiver element And, and the output is the second output of the driver, the third element And connected in series with the counter, whose input is connected to the input of the delay element and is the first input of the driver, the output of the counter is connected with the first input of the second trigger and the second input of the first counter, the second output of which is connected to the second input of the second element I, the second inputs of the second trigger, pa and the element OR. and the first element AND are the second input of the former " l, a time stamp generator, the output of which is the third output of the driver and connected to the first input of the third element AND, the second input of which is the third input. R Compiled by O. Boldyrev Editor N. Bobkova Tehred N. Bonkalo Proofreader A. Obruchar. Order 3400/51 Circulation 455. Subscription VNIIPI USSR State Committee for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab, 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4 Fie.2