SU1491839A1 - Initial composition for producing cladite gravel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the building materials industry, namely the production of artificial porous aggregates for lightweight concrete. In order to reduce the bulk density while increasing the strength of the raw mix for the production of expanded clay contains, in wt.%: Weakly curving clay raw material 93.88-99.49

technical sodium lignosulfonate 0.5-6.0

ethoxylated alkylphenols 0.01-0.12. The filler has the following properties: a density of 0.39-0.48 g / cm ³ , a coefficient of expansion of 2.1-4.5, a cleavage strength of 2.0-2.7 kg / cm ² , a coefficient of design quality of 4.8- 6.3. 1 tab.

Description

The invention relates to the building materials industry, namely the production of artificial porous aggregates for lightweight concrete.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the bulk density while increasing the strength of the aggregate.

For producing the mixture, weakly flowing clay is used, containing the following components, wt%: SiO 68.22; , 13.69; , 2; FeO 0.86; CaO 2,1U; TiO 0.62; MgO 2.02; 2.99; SO, total 0.07, organic matter 0.78; ppt 4.54.

Technical sodium lignosulfonate composition:

Dry matter 40-55

Ash 0.2-2.0

Insoluble

in water substances 0,2-1,5

Reducing

substances6.0-12.0

The ethoxylated alkylphenols are obtained by condensation of ethylene oxide with alkylphenols in the presence of a catalyst and are an oily liquid and a paste from light yellow to brown in color.

When sodium technical lignosulfonate is mixed with oxyethylated alkylphenols, the surface-active properties of the resulting mixture (corrective modified additive) are significantly enhanced,

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in particular, the surface tension ratio decreases.

The increased surface activity of the corrective modified additive contributes to its full penetration into the capillaries and pores of the clayey clay and to the creation of solvate shells on the clay particles, which reduce the adhesion forces between the two and allow a homogeneous clay mixture to be obtained during mechanical processing.

Under the action of high temperatures, technical sodium lignosulfonate dissociates with the release of sulfur dioxide. The presence, in addition of oxyethylated alkylphenols, leads to the binding of sulfo groups of technical sodium lignosulphonate with the functional groups of alkylphenols as a result of chemical interaction and their enrichment of fusible eutectics resulting from the melting of clay minerals.

The enrichment of the liquid phase with sulfonic compounds causes a decrease in the viscosity and surface tension of the melt.

The decrease in the viscosity of the melt causes the expansion of the temperature range of claydite formation, which contributes to a greater retention of gases in the volume of the granule, increasing the polarization of the liquid phase.

A decrease in the viscosity of the melt intensifies the process of dissolution of quartz grains and other non-clay minerals in it, which prevents the formation of macro-and microcracks in the interporous partitions, negatively

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affecting the strength of claydite. When the content of oxyethylated alkylphenols in the raw mixture is less than 0.01%, the corrective modified additive exhibits hydrophilic properties, which results in overwetting of the raw mix, and in the period of claydite formation, the explosiveness of the granules.

When more than 0.12% oxyethylated alkylphenols are contained in the raw material mixture, the corrective modified additive acquires hydrophobic properties, as a result of which adhesion between clay particles decreases, and cracks in the volume of granules appear, through which gases prematurely remove gases, increasing the density of expanded clay granules.

Technical sodium lignosulfonate is mixed with oxyethyl alkylphenols in a 50: 1 ratio. The resulting modifying modified additive with mixing water is introduced into a weakly curving clay stock.

From the prepared mixtures, pellets with a diameter of 16 mm are molded using a special form in a laboratory press, and then dried in a drying oven at 100 ° C to a constant weight. Before calcination, thermopreparation of granules is carried out for 20 minutes in a muffle furnace. The granules are burned in a silicon oven at 1140 ° C for 7 minutes.

The described compositions and their properties are shown in the table.

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0.684), 85 2.1

0.99-1.16

1,3

Claims (1)

Invention Formula f The mixture for the production of expanded clay gravel, including weakly curving clay raw materials and technical sodium lignosulfonate, is characterized in that, in order to reduce the bulk density while increasing strength, it also contains Editor N. Gunko Compiled by L.Magnitska Tehred M. Didyk Proofreader I. Muska Order 3823/25 Circulation 591 VNIIPI of the State Committee on Inventions and Discoveries under the State Committee on Science and Technology of the USSR 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, 4/5 Raushsk nab. Production and publishing plant Patent, Uzhgorod, st. Gagarin, 101 ethoxylated alkylphenols in the following ratio, wt.%: Low-clayey raw materials 93.88-99.49 Technical sodium lignosulfonate 0.5-6.0 Polyoxyethylene alkylphenols 0.01-0.12 Subscription