SU1449053A1 - Method and apparatus for combine harvesting of grain crops and grass seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention can be made in agriculture in agriculture for combine harvesting of grain crops and seeds; it can improve the quality of grain by improving ei o sump. The combine harvester has a header 1, a thresher, a grain spreader 6 for feeding it into the bunker 5 and a grain conduit 13 for feeding grain from the bunker 5 to the elevator 6. The bunker 5 has a conveyor in the lower part of the unloading20 NOI conveyor, made in the form of a screw 8 with a casing 9, a drying channel (SC) 10 with perforated walls for supplying a pneumatic flow, mounted above the casing 9, and a lower distribution screw 11, mounted above the flow channel 10. The bottom of the hopper 5 is provided with perforated sections for removal of the pneumatic flow. When the combine is in operation, a pneumatic flow is supplied to the channel 10, heated using engine heat 17 and exhaust gases. The grain heap separated from the threshed yield mass is fed by the elevator 6 to the bunker 5, where the flow is fed by a pneumatic flow fed to the lower part of the bunker 5. The screw 8 feeds the dried grain to the grain conduit 13, which returns the grain to the elevator 6, where the dried grain is mixed with the raw pile fed to the bunker 5. The screw 11 agitates the grain and distributes it along the length of the hopper 5. From the channel 10, the air flow is diverted from the hopper 5 through the perforated portions of its bottom. 2 sec. apt. 4 il. S (L 4 CO o ate with

Description

The invention relates to agricultural production and can be used in the harvesting of grass seeds and various cereals, mostly moist, long-straw, including cereals with perennial grasses.

The purpose of the inventions is to improve the quality of the grain by improving its drying.

The method of combine harvesting includes cutting the yield mass or picking it from the rolls with a combine harvester, threshing the mass, separating the threshed mass with separation of the grain (seed) heap from it, feeding it into the bunker and drying the heap with pneumatic flow, feeding m into the lower part of the bunker and discharging it from the same part, however, is carried out ;; h;): L11enis and a pile of heaps along the length of the bunker in its lower part, and the sucker 1H1 and the heap mass are replaced with the heap, fed into the bunker.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the proposed device for implementing this method, side view; in fig. 2 same

sve hoo; in fig. 3 is a section LL in FIG. 2; pas figs. 4B section to

FIG. 2

Header (harvester) 1, grinder with threshing machine m 2, straw separator 3, (with cleaning 4. and bunker 5 for cleaned grain of grain and: 1) () grain bean) powder for feeding it and a bunker, 5.

Unker 5 has an upper distribution pshek 7, lower unloading trans- fiopTef), made in the form of auger 8 with a casing 9, drying 1) 1st channel 10 for supplying a non-overflow, installed in the lower part of the bunker 5 above the casing 9 and overflowed with perforated the walls, as well as the lower distributor ny auger 11, mounted above the duct. 10. / 1nt of the bunker 5 is made with perforated ones. sections 12 for removal pnevmotoka. 11forfor; 1ts mozhe: to be performed and in the form of P1elei.

The harvester is also equipped with a grain line 13, ii. j h which is connected with one of the ends of the ppkka ka M. and igohods: .ieaai opoM 6.

The second end of the screw 8 is connected to the nak-. Jun. m) with a loading auger 14.

The combine also has a nrigotov.chipi and gihchacha system of drying pneumoncurrent in sun1n1) 1Y channel 10, made from g channel 15, coming out of the radiators I) of the engine 17 of the combine. In the channel 1G), the heat exchanger 18 is exposed to the air-to-air nozzles. 11) npye gases (for example, of the matrix type). channel 15 is connected to the input from П111,11 no1 о кана.та 10.

Fan 19 snstem1L engine cooling. 1 17 gmop girovap with possibility

air supply in the direction from the engine 17 to the channel 15 through the radiators 16. The exhaust pipe 20 of the engine 17 has a discharge pipe 21 with a non-switching valve (not shown) connected to the heat exchanger 18.

The lower distribution auger I I is made of several sections of the spirals 22 and 23, the direction of the winding of the catches is chosen from the distribution condition;

About the entire length of the hopper 5. Thus, the winding of the helix 22 is opposite to the direction of the winding of the helixes 23. Each of the helixes 22 and 23 can be removed from one coil.

The rotational drive of the unloading augers 8 and 14 is reversible with the provision of rotational speed with reverse gear compared with the speed of Fipame when unloading the mass from the hopper 5.

Combine combine running on

0 to the proposed method (ice about;) a: (Om. When behind it and the bunker with 5 grains, the switching valve of the nozzle 21 was set to the position of supplying exhaust gases to the channel 15, and the drive of the unloading augers 8 and 14 of the VC / It is used for slow and reverse rotation of pins according to (with the mode of loading the grain nt of the bunker 5.

Harvest weight, clover shrimer, scanned with header 1 and () bm (.).

Q mototyping device 2. (Menns heap, isolated from obm.) The ground mass with a straw separator .3 and cleaning 4 is fed by an elevator 6 to the hopper 5.

Injected venga, 1 that) ohm I) in the canal.1 I, warm air d () 11 (). 1: pitepo nag) eva. T (.

5 p of the heat exchanger 18 due to the heat of the lonely gases and in the form of a pneumatic monoxide is introduced into the lower part of the ker 5 through sushi / plp p kap.t K). 11 A non-flow is fed and Maccv Sem p. Pahod NIHS I in the bunker 5, and it selects "IT them

0 moisture, gives to Teti.TO, and perforated sections of 12 days 1p;) of the bunker 5. 11 |) and the bottom of the bottom distributive P1nek 11, are discharged, | | a), and at the same time distribute the seeds of a moment.

r over the whole length} (e bunker) a 5, () bss1; echi) i1 co, giving a more uniform layer. .-di above the cathode) 1m channel 10. The code point; 1 and the screw 8 selects the sub-preheating mass sm.n n and delivers and. and, and p (survey () t, for which the seeds are in; 1Н |) in1ak) ts in ni; -k

0 nyuyu part:) levat () ra (, where are mixed with postunancim from purification 4 C1) 1 | IN1 mass cm.m. Eleva1Ch) p (i nods P1ennuk1 mass together with sy |) () s supplies to the upper part1) layers of seeds located in the bunker 5.

5 Thus, in n the lower part of the ouiker 5, there occurs g tpc; 1 sem and n pneumo no itjKOM, and vpepe.

mass transfer between raw masses (1y i (

and a thickened and heated mass, as well as podlozkk; dried mass. At 5Т () М, the total mass of seeds in the bunker 5 in the process with it, the 1pruic will mix up the top of the vais. This organization lepevienie NIN mass in the bunker 5 improves CVIHKV seeds (grain).

With gp.-ru.ka semsp.yuyu with and puiker | 1) and vpd unloading of the augers 8 and 14 HK.IKJ-are for fast rotation (as in known combines when gaining seed or grain from the hopper; During the unloading process of the bunker 5, the lower distribution N1pek II shifts and the pile, - P1IG, seed mass. This improves the advancement of the seed mass and the bunker and thereby reduces the weight of it (, m load.

Fo /;. And (/ - W u: o6p itnu /

. (dusob harvester. oorks cher,) - our crops and seedlings of herbs, “dividing zeropii ch.”) voroh ha ich solder mass of nodach piles into a bunker and

sun1ku voro.kha inevmonotok. fed into the lower part of the bunker, looking at those. that (to improve the quality of the grain by improving its capacity), the discharge of the flow from the lower part of the bunker is carried out, in which the pile of grain is stirred and distributed over the adine of the bunker, and the heap of the grain mixed with the pile of feed 2. Device for combine harvesting of grain crops and testicles of grass containing heder, thresher. 1.1 grain heap for feeding it into the bunker, which is made with the lower unloading TpaHciioprepoM and the drying channel d. 1 of the supply of mono current, uh tanov- enpyym in the lower part of the bunker.the casing of the unloading conveyor, as well as the grain conduit, the inlet of which is connected} to the utilizer trap, characterized in that the bunker is equipped with a distribution p some installed in the lower part of the bunker above the superal channel, the output of the grain bucket is connected to the mevator and the bunker is perforated chasgkami for removal of pnevmopotoka.

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Claims (2)

Formula 1. The method of harvesting. Harvesting of crops and seed plants of herbs, including the allocation of a heap of grain from the crop mass, feeding the heap into the hopper and drying the heap with a non-pulp mill. supplying the lower part of the hopper, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of grain by improving its drying, the pneumatic flow is removed from the lower part of the hopper, in which the grain heap is agitated and distributed along the length of the hopper, and the dried mass of the heap is mixed with a heap fed to the hopper. 2. A device for combine harvesting of grain crops and grass seed plants, containing a header, thresher, grain heap elevator for feeding it into the hopper, which is made with a lower discharge conveyor and a drying channel for supplying air flow, installed in the lower part of the hopper above the discharge conveyor casing, and also a grain pipe, the input of which is connected to this conveyor, characterized in that. that the hopper is equipped with a distribution screw installed in the lower part of the hopper above the drying channel, the output of the grain duct is connected to the elevator, and the bottom of the hopper is made with perforated sections to divert the air flow.