SU1435708A1 - Electromagnetic pile hammer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to electromagnetic shock mechanisms and can be used in construction and mining for driving into the soil of a tongue, pile, loosening and compaction of soil, destruction of asphalt concrete, etc. The purpose of the invention is to increase the specific impact energy of the hammer. Electromagnetic hammer includes housing 1 with installed in it along

Description

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Forward powering drive with poles 5, 6, 8, and reverse power coils 2,, 4 and forward 7 strokes, inside which 1 | Measles 10 are positioned, having the possibility of ijocTb movement in axial pressure in a non-magnetic guide stub. On the surface of poles 5, 6, and 8 facing the korya, there are Yuperecny annular projections with regular step along the pole length. Step

the protrusions of pole 5 are twice the pitch of the protrusions of pole 6 and three times the pitch of the protrusions of pole 8, and on the crust there are reciprocal protrusions with the same pitch as at the poles. The striking force is held by the electromagnetic forces of the power coils themselves, or their sections without additional devices, which makes it possible to increase the reliability of the hammer. 2 Il.

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The invention relates to electrically: agnitic percussion mechanisms and can () be used in construction for the abivation of wooden and ferro-concrete piles, metal pipes, soil marketing and compaction, crushing and oversizing, crushing of asphalt concrete and others. .d .

The purpose of the invention is to increase the effective impact energy of the hammer.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic Taj in FIG. 2 - traction characteristics of tooth zones - and traction characteristics of the coil of the forward stroke in the mode with; hold and without hold. ; Electromagnetic hammer contains a cylindrical ferromagnetic body: 1, inside which sections 2–4 are coaxially mounted, reverse coils with poles 5 and 6, and coil 7 of forward travel with poles 8 and 9. Inside the coils there is a cylindrical ferromagnetic 10 mm, having the ability to move axially inside the non-magnetic guide sleeve 11.NM. The outer side of the poles 5 and 9 are installed inductive sensors 12 and 13 of the position of forward and reverse, respectively. To the upper part of the body 1 is attached a bracket 14 with an elastic element 15,

The electromagnetic hammer also contains a citation and control system 16, the inputs of which are connected to the sensors 12 and 13, and the outputs to sections 2-4 of the reverse coil and to the forward coil 7.

Pole 5 is the first in the direction of the forward course of the core, and poles 6 and 8 are the second and third poles, respectively.

On the inner surface of poles 5, 6 and 8, shaped to koryu 10, transverse annular projections are made with a constant step along the pole length, with the step of the protrusions of the poles 6 and 8, respectively, twice and three times smaller than the step along the teeth of the pole 5. On the side surface of the core 10, starting from the upper end, are made

counter projections forming the first, second and third sections in the direction of forward travel. The spacing of the protrusions of the first, second and third zones of the core is equal to the pitch of the pole projections, respectively.

5, 6 and 8, and the distances between any protrusions of the first and second, second and third zones of the core are respectively:

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m d - 7 ztke; n with - :: zik Z,

4 2I2 TK

where d is the distance between the poles

5 and 6; c is the distance between the poles

30 b and 8;

-sH, Z, is the step on the teeth and the width of the tooth of the pole 5;

K is the whole number (K O, 1,2 ...). All protrusions of the poles and the core are made with the same ratios.

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geometrical dimensions inside one

sections. The distance between the elastic element 15 and the pole 5 is equal to the free run of the striker and is chosen so that in the extreme position of the reverse course the protrusions of the core are ahead

EULUSS OF POLES in the direction of the forward stroke at half the width of the protrusion. The number of protrusions on the crust is made such that in this position the zones ρ and the poles with the same protrusions completely overlap.

Electromagnetic hammer works as follows.

Suppose that at the initial moment the measles 10 is in the lowest position (fig. 1, dashed line) and the coordinate of movement X is zero. When the voltage is applied to sections 2-4 of the reverse coil, the Current begins to flow. As a result of the interaction of the magnetic flux, the scattering between the side and end surfaces of the core 10 and the inner surface of the housing 1 with the current passing through the turns of the sections 2-4, an electromagnetic force occurs, under the action of which the measles 10 moves upwards. When the upper end of the core 10 enters the pole 5, the position sensor 12 extracts a control signal to the input of the power and control system 16, which is removed from the coil-reverse section 3 and generates a forward direction impulse. The forward stroke impulse arrives at the forward travel stroke coil 7 with some delay relative to the operating time of the position sensor 12. During this time, the free crushing of the core to the reverse coils takes place. As the core moves, its speed is reduced by the force of gravity and, in the extreme upper position, the end of the core 10 rests on the elastic element 15. In this case, a slight excess of kinetic energy of the core is dissipated in the elastic element. In the extreme upper position, the protrusions of the core protrude in the direction of forward travel, the protrusions of the poles by half of its width. Due to this, measles 10 is influenced by the maximum resultant holding force F, created by the interaction of magnetic fluxes in the first core 10 and pole 5, as well as in the second zone of crp 10 and pole 6.

When a feed pulse is applied to the coil 7 of the forward stroke, a transient current rise begins in it and, accordingly, a downward force FT is directed downward. In this case, between the projections of the pole 8 and the third

35708

the zone of the core 10 an electron arises - the nitric force directed upwards and the resulting holding force from all the projections of the zones of the core and poles increases (point O, Fig. 2). As the current increases in the coil of the 7th forward stroke, starting from the time when ciina F- together with

10 tons of tin of the core 10 will become larger than the retaining force FU, and the acceleration of the core 10 will be accelerated downward. In this case, the protrusions of the poles 5, 6 and 8 and the core will respectively create the first

15 (curve 17, fig. 2), the second (curve 18) and the third (curve 19) harmonics of the resulting pulling force (curve 20) from the zones. Since on the section 0-L (Fig. 2) the movement of the core

20 10 the holding force decreases sharply with increasing X, the resulting force acting on the measles 10 (curve 21, fig. 2) quickly increases to the value of the holding force. On the interval of L-P movement, the resulting force from the protrusions 5, 6 and 8 and the core coincides with the direction of movement of the core and is added to the working pull, the force F of the coil, is 30 mth stroke. When the upper end of the core comes out of the sensor 12, a voltage pulse is generated in it, which follows the input of the power and control system 16, the power control system 16 and disconnects sections 2 and 4 of the reverse coil with some delay relative to the sensor arrival time 12 positions The delay delay is matched

40 that sections 2 and 4 are turned off when the bark 10 passes the distance 0-P, and the operating mode of the coil 7 of the forward stroke is chosen so that with a further increase in the coordinate X the magnetic system of the hammer enters the regime of {xen and the protrusions of the core 10 and poles 8 do not significantly affect its operation. At the entrance of the core 10 to the pole 9, the sensor 13 does not operate, the signal from which goes to the power and control system 16. The power and control system 16 shuts off the power supply of the forward coil 7, produces a supply voltage of sections 55 of the reverse coil 2-4, and the process repeats.

Thus, on almost the entire course interval of the core 10, the there is an accelerating force exceeding the maximum holding force of the overhang ZON, which may be sufficiently large. Therefore, in an electronic; magnetic hammer with a retention of us;; A corrosive force acting on measles; more than in a hammer without restraint: (curve 22, fig. 2), Therefore, the kinetic energy of the core 10, which I assigned to it by the end of the forward stroke, in the hammer with restraint can be much higher in comparison with the known devices. This leads to an increase in the specific energy of the impact of the electromagnetic hammer, and reduces the weight and dimensions of the device as a whole.

Execution on the surface of the poles facing the core and on the crust of the transverse annular protrusions ensures contactless holding of the core in the extreme position of the reverse stroke beyond its lateral surface. This will allow to increase the specific impact energy due to a decrease in the mass of the hammer, since holding is effected by the electromagnetic forces of the power coils themselves or their sections without additional devices, as well as

By varying the number of protrusions at the poles and at the crust, it is possible to vary the amplitudes of each of the harmonic components of the resulting pulling force of these zones and to change the shape of the resulting pulling force accordingly.

Claims (1)

10 claims Electromagnetic hammer, including a case, an electromagnet with poles and forward and reverse power coils, mounted borer inside them, core-position sensors located at the extreme poles, characterized in that, in order to increase the specific energy of the hammer blow, the return coil is made of sections, and on the surfaces of the first, second and third surfaces facing the measles, in the direction of the forward running, the poles are made with a constant step along the length of the pole protrusions, which step on the first pole The second exceeds the step on the second and three on the third poles, while on the side surface of the core zonal image allows you to increase the reliability of the electrical projections that are located magnet hammer In addition, after with a step,., corresponding to the step of the protrusions at the poles, and the distance t between the protrusion zones of the core corresponding to the first and second poles, 35 is determined from the formula md of moving the propelling force from areas with protrusions sharply reduced, changing its direction on the opposite, and at a certain range of motion can be used for. additional speed up cor. The combination of these factors allows to increase the power of gi the forward motion coil throughout the entire range of motion of the core leads to the achievement of the indicated useful effect; 1 a.The increase in traction force is due to the fact that when the core is held by electromagnetic forces of the zones in the extreme position of the reverse stroke, by the beginning of the forward stroke in the coil of the direct movement of dos -: -; will magnify more than without holding the core. . By varying the number of protrusions at the poles and at the crust, it is possible to vary the amplitudes of each of the harmonic components of the resulting pulling force of these zones and to change the shape of the resulting pulling force accordingly. Invention Formula Electromagnetic hammer, including a case, an electromagnet with poles and forward and reverse power coils, installed in them a measles head, core-position sensors located at the extreme poles, characterized in that, in order to increase the specific energy of the hammer blow, the coil is reverse the course is made of sections, and on the surfaces of the first, second and third facing the korya in the direction of the forward course of the poles are made with a constant step along the length of the pole protrusions, which step on the first pole with a step,., corresponding to the step of the protrusions at the poles, and the distance t. between the zones of the projections of the core corresponding to the first and second poles, 35 is determined from the formula m d - 7 2 t 2  zones of protrusions of the core corresponding to the second and third poles of - - ± 1 K1 de d formula K SW 2 is the distance between the first and second poles; the distance between the second and third poles, the step along the protrusions and the width of the protrusion of the first pole; . integer (K 0,1,2 ...). Editor A.Vorovich Compiled by N. Zabolotsk Tehred L. Serdyukoea Corrector V. Girn to Order 5618/28 Circulation 637 VNIIPI USSR State Committee for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab, 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4 fue.2 Subscription