SU1424913A1 - Method of manufacturing changeable heads for socket wrenches - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure, in particular, to methods for producing heads of socket wrenches. The goal is to increase tool life, accuracy of design and quality of parts. For this, cut the key head blank into two halves. The cylindrical cavities are formed in them at the temperature of the material material softening, the hexagon and square cavities are shaped by applying a deforming force to the weakened ends of the blanks on the sides opposite to the cylindrical cavities, and the head is produced by friction welding of the formed its half. 5 il.

Description

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The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure, in particular, to technological methods for manufacturing heads of socket wrenches.

The purpose of the invention is to increase tool life, accuracy of the design of multi-faceted cavities and the quality of the parts produced.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the hot forming of a hollow cavity in the workpiece; in fig. 2 — hollow extrusion of the hexagonal cavity and bottom punching, initial position; in fig. 3 - the same in the final position; in fig. 4 - the same, when forming a square cavity; in fig. 5 - the head of the key is ready after welding its parts.

The method is carried out as follows.

In the first operation, in order to fit the key head with the dimensions of GOST, the bar is cut into dimensional blanks.

In the second operation, the hot forming of blanks is carried out with the formation of a hollow cylindrical cavity. In this case, the cut-off preforms are heated to a forging temperature of 1000-1200 ° C. In the process of forming the billet cool to 800-900 ° C. Their subsequent cooling in air corresponds to the thermal operation — recrystallization. It is known that this decreases strength and hardness, i.e. softening occurs.

In the third operation, a cold extrusion of the hexagonal cavity is carried out from the solid end of the workpiece while simultaneously punching the bottom of the workpiece. At the same time, in the stamp for extrusion, the punch has a hexagonal section forming part, the dimensions of which correspond to the dimensions of the cavity of the socket key, as well as the piercing part of circular section, which pierces the bottom of the workpiece.

In the fourth step, a square cavity is cold extruded from the solid end of the workpiece while simultaneously punching the bottom of the workpiece. In this case, the punch bottom structure also consists of the decorating part — a square section and a punch part — a round section.

In the fifth operation, the resulting two halves of an allen key with hexagonal and square cavities, respectively, are welded by friction welding.

Example. According to the proposed method, an allen key wrench S 17 mm is made of steel 40X.

In the first operation, in order that the future head of the end wrench corresponds to the dimensions of the GOST, the rods are cut into dimensional workpieces with dimensions for half of the key, where the hexagon cavity 0 24 mm and length 17 mm will be formed, and for half the key

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square square cavity 0 24 mm and a length of 21 mm.

In the second operation, the blanks are molded with the formation of a cylindrical cavity in a hot state. In this case, the cut-off dimensional workpieces are heated to a forging temperature of 1200 ° C (as is known, the forging temperature range for steel 40X is 1200-870 ° C). Then, the blanks heated to 1200 ° C are placed in a die, which is placed on a friction press with a force of 63 cu, where the blanks are molded to form a hollow cylindrical cavity.

In the workpiece, where a hexagonal cavity is formed, the diameter of the blind cylindrical cavity is 16 mm and the depth is 14 mm.

In the workpiece, where a square cavity is formed, the diameter of the blind cylindrical cavity is 12 mm and the depth is 18 mm.

In the process of forming the billet cooled to 900 ° C.

In the third operation, the cooled billet is placed in the die, and, from the solid end of the billet, the hexagon cavity is extruded while simultaneously punching the bottom of the billet.

In the stamp for extrusion, the punch has a working part — a hexagonal, the dimensions of which correspond to the dimensions of the cavity of the face key, but at the end of the working part there is a cylindrical mandrel that pierces the bottom of the workpiece. Thus, when the punch is inserted from the side of the flat end of the workpiece, the hexagon cavity is extruded with simultaneous punching of the bottom of the workpiece.

The design of the turnkey hexagonal cavity, mm made of steel 40X, is carried out on a hydraulic press with a force of 100 cu. At the same time, to obtain a hexagonal cavity, it was necessary to have 45 ms.

In the fourth step, the bottom of the workpiece is squeezed from the solid end. In this case, the punch structure with a square working part also has a cylindrical mandrel. It takes 30 ts to get a square cavity.

In the fifth operation, the resulting two halves of the end wrench, respectively, with hexagonal and square cavities are welded on a machine for friction welding.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A method of manufacturing interchangeable heads of socket wrenches, consisting in cutting a measured blank, forming cylindrical cavities therein and subsequent shaping of hexagonal and square cavities, characterized in that, in order to increase tool life, the accuracy of design of multifaceted cavities and the quality of parts, cut off the two halves of the key head blank, the formation of cylindrical cavities in them is carried out at the temperature of the material material softening, and the design of hexagonal and square cavities is carried out by applying a deforming force to the weakened ends of the blanks from opposite sides of the cylindrical cavity. while producing semi-finished products, and then both halves of the head are connected. Punch AgoTka matrix Lt 1 Matrix Billet, Otter Ring Fig.Z Punch 0UZ.k