SU1423093A1 - Method of producing combined fodder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing animal feed enriched with a strepto-tricin antibiotic noorzeotricin or its salts. The aim of the invention is to expand the range of ergotropically active feed and increase animal growth. The method is as follows. Nourseotricin obtained by aerobic deep fermentation of the strain Streptomyces noursei LA 3890 c is introduced into the feed. The method allows to increase the weight gain of animals by 2-7% as compared with the use of known antibiotics. 13 tab.

Description

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The invention relates to methods for producing mixed feeds containing antibiotics that contribute to the accelerated increase in live weight of farm animals, as well as reducing feed costs.

Antibiotics are known, which, taking into account the relevant international recommendations, are not used for therapeutic purposes, but solely as ergotropics for feeding animals.

The known ergotropic from the group of streptomycin antibiotics is cormohygris (Venediktov AM, Jonas A. A. Chemical feed additives in animal husbandry. Moscow, 1979, pp. 134-137).

The aim of the invention is to obtain compound feed with the addition of an antibiotic that is highly resistant to physical and chemical effects, such as temperature, light and acidity, as well as expanding the range of potentially ergotropically effective antibiotic feeds.

The method is as follows.

Nourzhericin is introduced into the feed as a base or salt, for example hydrochloride or sulfate, in the form of a pure substance or as a raw product and / or mycelium-containing dried product and / or as a mycelial-containing adsorbate, preferably in the form of mycelium-containing bentonite adsorbate. Streptothricin antibiotic nourzeothricin, which according to the proposed method is added to the corresponding feed or swine, can be obtained by an enzymatic method.

Antibiotic Nurseotricin, which has no advantages in terms of therapeutic use in comparison with known therapeutic agents and therefore is not used as a medicine for the treatment of infectious diseases in medical practice, can be used successfully as an ergotropically effective additive to the feed for various agricultural animals. .

The preferred form of using nourceotricin to add it to any standard compound feed is a pre-mix of active substances (premix), which is obtained by culturing the producer of roundcothricin. The pH of the culture liquid is then set to 6.0 with 25% sulfuric acid, a silicate adsorbent swellable in water, mainly bentonite (in the form of sodium, aluminum silicate from the montmorillonite group) is introduced, the precipitate formed is separated by separation and filtration from the reaction solution. The precipitate of the substance thus obtained is generated by a stream of warm air and, if necessary, crushed.

Naurzeotricin can also be in the form of a pure and / or crude substance and / or crude.

the concentrate and / or mycelium-containing adsorbate is dissolved or suspended in neutral or weakly acidic aqueous liquids that are afterwards. Dilution with water from the resulting solution with water can be offered to farm animals, mainly bodies there, as a pulp with the necessary addition of active substance nerouceotricin. Compared with salts of the known ergotropically active antibiotics, the base and salts

0

Noorzeotricin is well soluble and stable in neutral or slightly acid drinking. As a carrier material and / or displacement material of nerurothiotricin in the form of a concentrated premix of the active substance, any transportable products of mineral, plant and animal origin can be used, including fermented water-insoluble fermentation residues of the hydrocarbonscreen.

0 The ergotropic action of noorzeotricin was established as a result of experiments with various agricultural animals conducted under practical conditions. Nourzeotricin is introduced into the feed at the rate of 5-100 mg per kg of dry matter of the feed.

In two experiments on broiler fattening under conditions of battery maintenance and, respectively, on deep litter, different ration doses of nerzeotricin hydrochloride in the form of a pure substance (up to 50 kg / kg

Q dry matter (DM) feed) caused a dose-dependent increase in live weight. The addition of 30 and, respectively, 40 mg / kg of CB of noorzeotricin hydrochloride at the end of two 52-day experiments on fattening contributed to an increase in live weight by 6 and respectively by 9% compared with animals in the control group. Reduced feed costs due to the addition of nourzeotricin to 12%. During the fattening of pigs fed with feed containing 40 mg / kg of CB noorzeotricin hydrochloride, during the 70-day experiment, an increase in the average weight gain by 6% was observed. The addition of 21 mg / kg of SV of nourzeotricin in the form of mycelial adsorbate together with the feed ration during the 60-day experiments on

G fattening pigs contributed to an increase in the average daily increase in live weight by 23%, and the reduction of feed costs is up to 7% compared with animals in the control group.

Feeding up the bodies there

0 in the form of mycelial adsorbate in various dosages up to 52.5 mg of active substance per animal had a beneficial effect on animal health, which affected the reduction in the number of cases and a sharp decrease in the number of days of diarrhea in those 5 lt. The most beneficial effect on live growth body masses were established in the first four weeks of life. Daily supplements 35 .mg / is alive. weight of noorzeotricin to feed contributes to a 25% increase in live weight after a 4-week period of fattening, after the end of a 10-week fattening period for fattening a weight gain of maximum 13%.

Myrhelium nourseothricin is non-toxic to animals. Doses up to 5000 mg / kg of body weight, administered by the gastric probe to male and female Wistar rats (body weight about 200 g), do not affect the development of body weight, no animal mortality is observed.

Example 1. To obtain a nourse retin-containing premix in the form of a mycelium-containing bentonite adsorbent, immediately after the fermentation was stopped, 0.1 l of formalin solution per 100 l of culture liquid was injected into the culture fluid, stirred for 15-30 minutes. Then 25% sulfuric acid is added to pH 6.0.

A bentonite suspension is prepared in an acid resistant agitator kettle. For this, 2 kg of bentonite, 0.2 l of 25% sulfuric acid are introduced into 5 liters of water. Withstand the suspension to swell for at least 12 hours.

With stirring, the bentonite suspension thus obtained is introduced into 100 liters of culture fluid (the active substance content is 5000 mg of noorzeotricin per 1 liter). The pH is adjusted to 6.0-6.5 by the addition of 25% sulfuric acid or a 30% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. During the adsorption process, the reaction mixture should be constantly stirred. The mixture is kept for at least 60 minutes, the precipitate is separated by filtration or separation.

To separate the sediment, it is advisable to use a vacuum rotating filter, which should be prepared in advance by applying a layer of auxiliary filtering agent from specially prepared calcium sulphate. With vacuum in the order of 7-10 Pa, filtration capacity of 250 l / m is achieved. From 100 l of culture liquid (L about 115 l of suspension of bentonite culture liquid) receive 93-98 l of filtrate containing residual activity of the substance, corresponding to 5-10% of the initial activity. The mass of the solid filtered as an intermediate product is 12-14 kg with a residual moisture content of 58-65%. In the course of filtration, suspensions in a volume of 110-115 liters consume 2.0-2.5 kg of auxiliary filtering agent. The separated wet solid is immediately dried.

When drying with a stream of warm air, the temperature of the product should not exceed 70 ° C. From a wet solid sediment in a volume of 12–14 kg, 4.5–5.0 kg of dry product with 75–85 g of noorzeotricin content per kilogram of dry matter is obtained. The content of the active substance is determined by the diffusion method on an agar plate using the bacteria Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 as a test microorganism.

When using a ring rotary dryer, products are so fine-grained that they can be used directly as a premix to be added to feed. The product obtained after drying on grids, ribbons or in a fluid bed dryer is ground before standardization and feeding to the mixture.

The composition of the feed intended for certain types of agricultural animals and fattening periods is regulated by the requirements for the quality of feed in livestock production.

Example 2. To obtain a nourseotricin-containing premix in the form of a mycelium-containing dry product, immediately after the fermentation was completed, the culture fluid was introduced as described in Example 1, the formalin and the pH 25.0 were adjusted to 25.0%.

The culture liquid thus pretreated is concentrated under mild conditions in a vacuum evaporation apparatus with circulation (vacuum 4-10-6-10 Pa, temperature; 70 ° C) and the concentrate is dried in a vacuum roller dryer until a finely flaked solid is obtained. The drying temperature must not exceed 80 ° C, the residual moisture of the dried end product is below 3%. From a culture fluid in a volume of 100 liters with an initial content of the active substance of 5000 mg of noorzeotricin per liter, 3,750 g of mycelium-containing dry product are obtained, with an active substance content of 113 mg of noorzeotricin per gram of dry matter. The mycelium-containing dry product obtained in this way should be crushed before standardization and feeding into the mixture.

The methods for microbiological determination of the active substance content and the preparation of animal feed are similar to those described in Example 1.

Examples on the use of animal feed with nourseothricin for feeding farm animals.

Example I. For a feeding experiment conducted under conditions of keeping on the floor, 400 unassorted chickens of t-broilers (tetra B) were divided into subgroups of 8 animals each. The experiment was carried out 10 times for each group. The average weight of the chicken at the beginning of the experiment is 38 g. Fed standard feed for chickens in accordance with State requirements for feed quality 1980/81. Feed contains,%:

Corn meal 64,5

Soy Fat Free

meal 21,0

Fish flour6.0

Feed Yeast, 2.0

Raps3.0

Mineral mixture

chick substances

in the amount of 54 g of phosphorus /

/ kg2.5

Premix active ingredients

for installation feed

for fattening chickens (without antibiotics) 1.0

Feed rations for the experimental groups are supplemented with pure nourse retricine hydrochloride.

The effect of various additives on the development of live weight, feed consumption and feed costs are presented in Table. 1-3.

Example 2. For a battery feeding experiment, 3000 non-sorted broiler chickens (tetra B) were divided into subgroups of 100 animals each. The experiment was conducted 6 times for each group. The average weight of the chicken at the beginning of the experiment was 37.5 g. The feed described above was used. Feed rations for the experimental groups are supplemented with pure noorzeotricin hydrochloride. The effect of various additives on the development of living weight, palatability and feed costs are presented in Table. 4-6.

Example 3. For a feeding experiment conducted under conditions of keeping on the floor, 55 piglets were divided into subgroups of 11 animals each. The average live weight at the beginning of the experiment was 10.5 kg / animal. The feed used had the following composition,%:

Up to 40 kg body weight

Wheat45.0

Barley33.0

Fish flour5.0

Dry skim

milk5.0

Soy Fat Free

schrot10,0

Mineral Premix

substances in quantities

50 g P / kg1.0

Premix active

boarder for feed I

for growing pigs

(without antibiotics) 1.0

Over 40 kg live weight

Wheat40

Barley48,0

Soy Fat Free

meal 7,0

Fish Meal3.0

Mineral Premix

substances in quantities

35 g P / kg1,0

Premix active

substances for feed II

0

for fattening pigs

(without antibiotics) 1.0

Noorzeotricin hydrochloride, hormidine and zincbacitracin are introduced into the feed rations for the experimental groups.

The effect of various ergotropic additives on the development of live weight, palatability of food and feed costs are presented in Table. 7-9.

Example 4. For two feeding experiments carried out on the floor (experiments L and B), 48 pigs were divided into subgroups of 12 animals each. The average live weight at the beginning of the experiment was 10.7 kg (experiment A and 12.6 kg (experiment B), rB of food rations for the experimental group

Noorzeotricin premix is administered in the form of a mycelium-containing bentonite adsorbate.

Influence on the development of average living

masses, feed palatability and feed costs

0 for 70 days

each experience is presented in tables

10-12.

Example 5. For a 10-week experience on

feeding 36 bodies t (milk horned

. black and motley cattle) are divided into

subgroups of 9 animals each. Average

live weight at the beginning of the experiment 54 kg / animal.

The milk replacer drinker contained in each liter 100 g of the milk replacer dissolved in water for the bodies. Immediately before the distribution, the mycelium containing urine retricin-bentonite adsorbate was added to it.

Additionally, animals are given a mixture of a concentrate of the following composition,%:

Wheat Meal30,0

5 Crushed Chmeni 38.0

Soy Fat Free

schrot20,5

Dry sugar beet pulp

beets4.0

dry kbrmovyh

0

five

yeast

Dried mix

mineral substances3.0

milepan (vitamin concentrate)

depending on age, 0.5 kg of hay per animal per day.

The effect of noorzeotricin supplementation with different rations on animal health and the development of body weight (9 animals Q per group) is presented in Table. 13.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A method of producing compound feed, which involves the addition of antibiotics, characterized in that, in order to increase the 5 weight gain of animals, from antibiotics, noorzeotricin and / or its salt are used in an amount of 5-100 mg / kg of dry matter of the feed. Table Influence of various nourseotricin supplementation on rations on the development of the live weight of t-broiler chickens in terms of content on the floor Table 2 The effect of different nourseotrotsin supplementation on rations on palatability t-broiler chickens in the floor Table 3 Influence of various nourseotricin supplementation on rations on feed costs (from the 1st to the 52nd day of fattening) in broiler chickens under conditions content on the floor Feed costs (kg / kg gain),% 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.3 1423093 910 Table 4 The effect of different nutrient otrktstsina on rations on the development of body weight in t-broilers under battery conditions Table 5 Influence of various nourseotricin supplementation on rations on palatability of feed in t-broiler chickens under battery conditions  Feed Additives / Animal Feed Additives Table 6 The effect of noorzeotricin supplementation on feed costs (from the 1st to the 52nd day of fattening) in broiler chickens under conditions of battery life content Feed costs (kg / kg gain),% 2.5 100 2.4 96 2.2 2.3 92 510 (82.8) 105 ./. 559 (61.3) 115 503 (57.8) 104 587 (36.6) 121 484100 Numbers in brackets. scatter of measured values Zincbacitracin 120 mg / kg Zincbacitracin 40 mg / kg Kormogrizin 40 mg / kg Nourzeotricin 10 mg / kg Nourzeotricin 40 mg / kg Control 12 Table 7 581 (70.7) 101 574 (49.8) 101 567 (40.2) 100 602 (47.7) 106 568100 Table 13 The effect of different ergotropics on feed costs in pigs in terms of content on the floor (kg / kg increase) Ergotropic The cost of feed in pigs with live weight 3-45 kg Zincbacitracin 150 mg / kg 2.61 90 Zincbacitracin. /. Kormogrizin 40 mg / kg 2.45 Naurzeotricin hydrochloride 10 mg / kg2.66 Naurzeotricin hydrochloride 40 mg / kg2.96 Control 2.89 Table 10 The effect of various nourcing tricin (mycelial adsorbate) supplements on the average daily gain in live weight (g / animal) in pigs in terms of content on the floor The average daily gain in live weight in pigs with the addition to the diet Experience The control of the active substance noorzeotritsina, mg / kg feed 71421  I Z-IIZ -ZZt L EiLl IZ A 473 (104) 100 496 (140) 104 548 (41) 114 580 (118) 123 B 584 (85) 100 564 (92) 97 594 (118) 102 616 (50) 106 -jff Numbers in parentheses scatter of measured values 14 Table 9 45-120 kg 3-120 kg % ./.3,5891 4.1895 4.38993,6393 4,28973,7495 4,26963,8498 4,421003,92100 1423093 1516 Table 1 The effect of various nourcing tricin (mycelial adsorbate) supplements on the daily average feed consumption (kg of feed / animal) in pigs in terms of content on the floor Table The effect of various nourcing tricin (mycelial adsorbate) supplements on the average daily feed consumption (kg / kg gain) in pigs in terms of content on the floor 12