SU1337486A2 - Percussive device for forming holes in soil - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to mining and construction equipment, and more specifically to devices used to form wells in compacted soils for trenchless laying of communications.

A percussion device for forming wells in the ground is known, comprising a housing with a stepped impactor discharged in it, having a through axial bore and a bore made in the wall of the hole, an air distribution sleeve with a blind hole, exhaust and inlet channels, an air distribution tube with windows and a lug installed in the hole of the impactor and the hole in the sleeve with the possibility of axial movement,

Since the transfer of the air distribution tube in the known device is carried out by the bore walls of the firing pin, the return stroke of the firing pin is divided into two sections.

In the first section, the length of which is equal to the length of the bore, the striker moves evenly accelerated, while the air distribution tube remains stationary and the front chamber is connected to the magistracy.

compressed air.

In the second section, equilibrium movement of the impactor together with the air distribution tube takes place, during which the front chamber is connected to the atmosphere and the kinetic energy acquired by the impactor in the first section of the reverse stroke is extinguished by the pressure of the secondary ear in the working stroke chamber.

In real machineries, both sections of the return stroke of the striker have a length of one order.

The greater extent of movement of the air distribution tube in the known device causes its following disadvantages.

The increased length of the air distribution sleeve, in which the air distribution tube moves in a blind hole.

The increased probability of device failure caused by the insignificant (compared to the other elements of the device) durability of the air distribution tube, which is due to the considerable heat generated by the friction of the air distribution pipe against the wall of the blind hole of the air distribution sleeve, especially since friction force devices acting between the air distribution tube and the air distribution sleeve must be more sche frictional forces acting between the air distribution trub- Coy and udarnikom.Poslednee condition is necessary to exclude the possibility of accidental premature movement of the air distribution tube under the action

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by friction between the air distribution tube and the firing pin and the inertia of the air distribution pipe.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device by reducing the wear of the rubbing surfaces.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the percussion device for the formation of wells in the soil according to ed. St. No. 1308718 is equipped with a spring placed on the air distribution tube in the bore of the axial bore of the firing pin, and the length of the spring is less than the length of the bore of the axial bore.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed device at the time of the end of the return stroke of the striker, general view; in fig. 2 - the same, at the moment of the end of the forward stroke of the striker.

The device includes a housing 1, a hammer 2 having a through axial bore 3. with a bore 4 and a ledge 5, an air distribution tube 6 having windows 7 and a protrusion 8.

A spring 9 is placed on the air distribution tube 6 in the bore 4, the length of which is shorter than the length of the boring 4. Compressed air is supplied through the hose 10 connected to the air distribution sleeve 11. having inlet ducts 12, exhaust ducts 12, exhaust ducts 13 and a blind hole 14, communicating with the exhaust channels through the undercut 15. The air distribution sleeve through the nut 16 and the elastic element 17 is connected to the sleeve 18, which is rigidly connected to the body and having channels 19, which is connected to the atmosphere. The drummer and the air distribution sleeve form the working stroke chamber 20, and the drummer and sleeve 18 - the rear chamber 21. The impactor and housing form the front chamber 22.

The device works as follows.

Compressed air through the intake ports 12 is supplied to the working stroke chamber 20. The drummer 2 begins to move forward (Fig. 1), with the front chamber 22 through the axial bore 3, the air distribution tube 6 (which is kept in place by the force of the spring 9 during the forward stroke of the impactor), the window 7, the recess 15 and the exhaust ports 13 constantly communicating with the atmosphere. At the end of the forward stroke, the impactor 2 with ledges 5 moves the air distribution tube 6 forward (FIG. 2) and strikes the hull, introducing it into the ground. At the forward position of the air distribution tube (Fig. 2), the compressed air from the working stroke chamber 20 through the windows 7 and the through axial bore 3 enters the front chamber 22. At the same time, the hammer 2 begins to move backwards. In the section Li of the stroke of the impactor, equal to the difference in the lengths of the bore of the axial bore and the spring, the impactor moves at an even acceleration, and the air distributor, on the tube 6 remains stationary. Then the hammer 2 with the shoulder of the bore 4 through the spring 9 supported on the protrusion 8 transfers the air distribution tube 6 to the distance L2 to the rear position (FIG. 2), the windows 7 are connected to the notch 15 and from the front chamber 22 exhaust. The stage of equally slow movement of the striker begins at the expense of the kinetic energy acquired by him in the LI stroke, which ends with a complete stop of the striker in the rearmost position (Fig. 1). In the area of equally slow movement of the impactor, the distribution tube

The limiting sleeve 11 can be set to the extreme front or rear position, corresponding to the forward or reverse movement of the device. Air intake into the front chamber 22 when the device is moving back is produced earlier than direct, and the hammer is stopped by the pressure of the compressed air in this chamber, not a blow to the body. The exhaust of air, on the contrary, occurs later; therefore, as it moves backwards, the drummer strikes the sleeve 18. Under the action of these impacts, the device moves along the well in the opposite direction.

Due to the fact that the fixation of the air 6 remains motionless, and the spring 9 of the helix and the distribution tube is in the process of being passed, reliably holding the air flow of the striker is provided with a spring

dividing tube 6 in the rearmost (and not by friction forces, as in the famous

position), then in the proposed device

For reversing the device, the frictional forces are significantly reduced; in the axial direction, the air between the air distribution unit is displaced in the axial direction.

distributor sleeve 11. Mechanism20 tube and walls of a blind hole

reverse in the proposed device, the pre-air distribution sleeve, and then a screw pair, consisting of, reduces wear of the rubbing surface of the air distribution sleeve 11, the durability of the air distribution nut 16. Rotation of the hose 10 of the air distribution tube and the reliability of the device.

The limiting sleeve 11 can be set to the extreme front or rear position, corresponding to the forward or reverse movement of the device. Air intake into the front chamber 22 when the device is moving back is produced earlier than direct, and the hammer is stopped by the pressure of the compressed air in this chamber, not a blow to the body. The exhaust of air, on the contrary, occurs later; therefore, as it moves backwards, the drummer strikes the sleeve 18. Under the action of these impacts, the device moves along the well in the opposite direction.

Due to the fact that air fixation

Claims (1)

DEVICE FOR IMPACT ACTION FOR EDUCATION OF WELLS IN SOIL by ed. St. No. 1308718, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of work by reducing wear of rubbing surfaces, the device is equipped with a spring located on the air distribution tube in the bore of the axial hole of the hammer, and the length of the spring is less than the length of the bore of the axial hole. Srig. 1 (L CO with hU QO OS> bO