SU1332314A1 - Device for converting the coordinates for geometric correction of pictures - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to automation, computing and television equipment, in particular, to devices for performing geometric correction of images, and solves the problem of image rotation. The purpose of the invention is to increase speed. The device contains four controllable dividers 1–4, the first 7 and second 8 elements OR, the first 4 and second 3 reversing counters and the synchronization unit 9, In the device, turn and. the displacement of a point in the Cartesian coordinate system is performed in accordance with the system of equations X | - x; .., + Y / M - X / 2 M Y. Yl. - X / M - Y / 2 M. Corresponding angles of rotation are determined from the equation tg (f 2M / (2M-1), where M is a positive integer. The transformed coordinates corresponding to the system are calculated by the equations of the systems that require performing only incrementing decrementing operations (incrementing by one - decreasing by one). 2 ill.

Description

 13

The invention relates to automation and computing, in particular, to devices for performing geometric correction of images and can also be used in television technology.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the conversion speed.

Figure 1 shows the functional diagram of the device; 2 shows a control unit;

The functional diagram of the proposed device contains controlled parts 1–4 frequencies, reversible counters 5–6, elements OR 7–8, and control block 9.

The functional block of control block 9 contains registers 10–13, code converters 14–15 — time interval, OR elements 16–17, counters 18–19, decoders 20–21, generator 22 pulses,

In the device, the rotation of coordinates is performed in accordance with an extended version of the system.

X; X .., + Y / M - X / 2M; Y i Y; .. - X / M - Y / 2MV

(one)

Corresponding angles of rotation can be determined from Equation 2M

   -zRJ -T

where M is a positive integer.

When processing images, scanning of the image elements is performed sequentially. Therefore, without loss of generality, the distance between neighboring elements can be taken equal to one. In this case, system (1) .. can be reduced to a recurrent form: if X; X,., ± .1, and Y .. Do .., then

X;

X ,, t () 1;

.f (-R--);

45

(2.1)

X; X; -; , and Y, Y, -., t 1, y

X. -i "-; - (2.2) °

Y;., T () -

Here, Xj, Yj are the transformed coordinates of the next image element, and (rj--); d (g-); (j :); 4 () means change integer

i. -.

parts of the expression in parentheses when translating

Q

g

0

five

0

five

five

°

five

142

the course from (l - l) -ro to the 1st element, while they can only take the values O and 1,

In the device for calculating the transformed coordinates corresponding to the system (1), are executed according to the equations of the systems (2.1) and (2.2) which require performing only increment-decrement operations (increases by one - by decrement by one). This simplification is possible by taking into account the result of the transformation of the coordinates of the previous (i-1) -ro element of the image when looking at the transformed coordinates of the next i-ro element. Due to the use of the incremental-decrement method of calculating the transformed X and Y coordinates, it is possible to perform the division operation in the number-pulse code, and this allows increasing the set of discrete angles. With the same number of iterations (successive rotations of images), the proposed device provides greater accuracy of rotation, and with a given accuracy, fewer iterations are required.

The device works as follows

Before the next frame is processed, the conversion parameters are loaded into the device (the corresponding inputs of the dividers and counters are not shown in the diagram, since their implementation is not fundamental), the external factor for dividers I and 2 establishes the division factor 2M, and for dividers 3 and 4 - factor M (in accordance with the selected angle of rotation t /), in the first 5 and second 6 reversible counters are entered, respectively, the initial shifts of the image a and b (respectively, the offset along the X and Y axes), These parameters transform and (displacement and rotation) can be (depending on the application conditions) determined in advance and stored in the memory can be calculated by an external device for each frame separately or may be mounted chelovekom- operator when operating in iterazhtivnom mode.

All calculations in the proposed device are performed in a pulse number code, each pulse means a decrease or increase in the corresponding 313

the current coordinate per unit. The chi value of the original coordinates of the current image element is also specified by the number of pulses. Thus, with a sequential viewing of the image, each impulse to change the code of the current coordinates means a transition to the next element of the image. The resulting X and Y coordinates are obtained by parallel code at the outputs of the reversing counters 5 and 6, respectively.

 As follows from the systems of equations (2.1) and (2.2), in general, it requires to perform two incrementing operations — decrementing; for this reason, the control unit 9 organizes the push-pull mode of the device.

Before starting the calculations of the coordinates of the next image element, counters 5 and 6 store the transformed coordinates X and Y of the previous element, the first terms, respectively, of the first and second equations of systems (2.1) and (2.2).

During the first clock cycle, if the X and Y coordinate changes, the pulse through the RShI element 7 (8) enters the counter 5 (b) the third term of the first (second) equation of the system (2.1), (2.2).

During the second cycle, if the X and Y coordinates change, the pulse arrives at the counting inputs of dividers 1 and 4 (2 and 3).

The pulses from the counting inputs of the dividers pass to their outputs when the corresponding coordinate represented by the number of pulses is a multiple of the division factor 2M for dividers 1 and 2 and M for dividers 3 and 4. Thus, the pulse to the output of divider 1 means, for example, - neniy per unit integer part of the value of X / M. This impulse through the element OR 7 goes to the counter input of the reversible counter 5 and corresponds to the second term in the first equation of the system (2.1).

Similarly, pulses at the outputs of dividers 2,3,4 mean changes per unit integer parts of the values of Y / 2M X / 2M. Y / M, X / M, respectively. The pulses generated at the second cycle by the dividers 1.3 and 2.4 are transmitted through the elements OR 7 and 8 to the countable

44

the inputs of counters 5 and 6, respectively.

As a result, in the second cycle e counters 5 and 6, and thus on the outputs X and Y of the device, the desired coordinates X and Y of the image element are obtained.

The control unit 9 can be executed, for example, as shown in FIG. It contains four registers 10–13; two transducers 14 and 15 code - time interval, two elements OR 16 and 17, two counters 18 and 19, two decoders 20 and 21 and a generator 22. pulses.

The control unit operates as follows.

Before starting work, initial conditions (center of rotation and displacement) x, y, a and b are written to the corresponding memory registers 10-13. Then, the values of and y are rewritten, respectively, into counters 18 and 19 of the X and Y coordinates, made in the form of reversible counters. The values of b and a - are converted into a number-pulse code using converters 14 and 15, the code is the time interval and through the elements OR 16 and 17 go to counters 18 and 19.

.

The signal of the start of conversion at the input of counter 18 through the element OR 16 s of the generator receives pulses of a counting frequency. Each time the address changes in the counters 18 and 19, along the lines of the X coordinate and the Y coordinate, respectively, pulses are generated that change the state of the controlled dividers in the proposed device. When generating addresses X 0 (Y o), X max (Y max) in counters 18 and 19, decoders 20 21 generate signals to control the inputs Addition-subtraction of reversible counters in the proposed device. Usually, coordinate transformation devices for geometrical image correction are part of a complex of image processing equipment in which there is a control computer. Therefore, all control commands, including those for the proposed device, are formed by this computer. These commands in this case include the sync signals of recording input information on X, y, a and b, command 5

Inverters for switching on converters, the code is the time interval.

The proposed device can be implemented on commercially available; integrated circuits series 533, 530, 585. For example, controlled dividers can be implemented on IC 585 X L4, and reversible counters on IC 533 HE 7.

An additional advantage of the proposed device over the known one is the simplification of the device by reducing the number of elements of the maximum size.

Forms in the invention

A coordinate conversion device for geometrical image correction, comprising four controlled frequency dividers, characterized in that, in order to increase the speed of the device, the first and second OR elements, two, are introduced into it. reversible counter and control block, arguments X and Y and shift values a and b are connected to information inputs from the first to fourth control blocks, respectively, whose output coordinates X and Y are connected to the information inputs of the first, second, third and fourth controlled frequency dividers, respectively, and with the first inputs of the first and second elements OR, respectively, the reverse outputs to the X and Y coordinates of the control unit are connected to the inputs of the reverse, the first and second reverse Meters withstand respectively inverted outputs of the first and fourth controlled by the frequency dividers are connected to second inputs of the first and second

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the OR elements, respectively, the inverse output of the second and the output of the third controlled frequency dividers are connected to the third inputs of the second and first OR elements, respectively, whose outputs are connected to the counting inputs of the first and second reversible counters, the outputs of which are 0 coordinates of the X and Y coordinates of the device, the control unit contains four registers, two code converters — a time interval, two OR elements, two counters, a pulse generator, two decoders, information inputs of registers from the first to the next tverty are data inputs of the control unit, the outputs of the first and third registers

0 connected to the information inputs of the first and second converters code - time interval, respectively, the clock inputs of which are connected to the output of the pulse generator,

25 outputs of the first and second converters code - the time interval is connected to the first inputs of the first and second OR elements, the outputs of which are connected to the counting inputs of the first and second counters, the outputs of the second and fourth registers are connected to the installation inputs of the first and second counters, the outputs of the parallel code of which are exits

The X and Y coordinates of the control unit, the second inputs of the first and second elements OR are connected to the output of the pulse generator and the overflow output of the first counter, the outputs of the parallel code of the first and second counters are connected to the information inputs of the first and second decoders, the outputs of which are the outputs of the reverse coordinates X and Y of the control unit 45, respectively.

Coord. XReverse, l

Phage.2

Compiled by Z. Shershneva Editor E. Papp Tehred I. Popovich Corrector V. But ha

Order 3833/44 Circulation 672. Subscription VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4

Coordinate for Pe8gpc, y

Claims (1)

Forms of invention are connected to the third inputs of the second and first elements OR, respectively, the outputs of which are connected to the counting inputs of the first and second reversible counters, the outputs of which are the outputs of the X and Y coordinates of the device, the control unit containing four registers, two code converters - a time interval , two OR elements, two counters, a pulse generator, two decoders, the information inputs of the registers from the first to the fourth are information inputs of the control unit, A coordinate conversion device for geometrical image correction, containing four controllable frequency dividers, characterized in that, in order to improve the device’s speed, the first and second OR elements, two reversible counters and a control unit, input arguments X and Y are introduced into it and the values of the shift a and b along the corresponding axes of the device are connected respectively by information inputs from the first to fourth control unit, the output of the coordinates X and Y of which are connected to the information inputs of the first, second, the third and fourth controlled frequency dividers, respectively, and with the first inputs of the first and second elements OR, respectively, the outputs of the reverse coordinates X and Y of the control unit are connected to the inputs of the reverse of the first and second reversible counters, respectively, the inverse outputs of the first and fourth controlled frequency dividers are connected to the second the inputs of the first and second outputs of the first and third registers 20 are connected to the information inputs of the first and second converters code - time interval, respectively, the clock inputs of which are connected to the output of the pulse generator, 25 outputs of the first and second converters code - time interval are connected to the first inputs of the first and second OR elements, the outputs of which are connected to the counting the inputs of the first and second counters, the outputs of the second and fourth registers are connected to the installation inputs of the first and second counters, the parallel code outputs of which are outputs _{3 5} coordinates X and Y of the control unit, the second inputs of the first and second elements OR are connected to the output of the pulse generator and the output of the overflow of the first counter, the outputs of the parallel code of the first and second counters are connected to the information inputs of the first and second decoders, the outputs of which are outputs of the coordinate reverse X and Y of the control unit, respectively.