SU1313828A1 - Concrete mix - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of building materials and is aimed at increasing the strength and frost resistance of concrete. Concrete mix contains, mac.ch: cement 0.0735-0.234; placeholder 0,684-0,8677; water 0.0727-0.0730; saponified caramel waste production of fodder yeast. The increase in the mobility of the concrete mix provides an additional content of VAT residue of turpentine raw distillation on the basis of terpenes in the amount of 0.00002 - 0.0002 wt.h. 1 hp f-ly. 2 tab. 00

Description

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The invention relates to the construction and construction materials, namely the manufacture of precast and monolithic structures of concrete mixtures containing chemical additives.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the strength and frost resistance of concrete as well as increase the mobility of the concrete mix.

The concrete mixture according to examples 1-7 are given in table, 1,

Caramel, a waste from the production of fodder yeast, is a copolymer of lignin and products of destruction of the carbohydrate components of wood. The initial product from which Caramel TU 13 - 7308058-01-85 is formed is wood prehydrolysis. This is a product obtained by treating the main chips with water (processing conditions: temperature rise from 80 to 170 C for 120 minutes, holding at 170 ° C for 70 minutes). Extra precursors (fatty and resin acids, tannids, lignans) 5 carbohydrates (hemicelluloses) and a low molecular weight part of the lignin are transferred to the prehydrolyzate. The total amount of substances passing into the solution under the conditions of prehydrolysis of substances is 15-18% by weight of the wood.

Of this amount, the extractives account for about 2%, the lignin for about 3%, the rest (10-13%), the amount of substances passing into the solution are carbohydrates.

The prehydrolyzate undergoes inversion (acid treatment): 10-12 hours. 95-100 ° C, concentration 0.4-0.6%. In the process of inversion a caramel is formed.

Washed caramel is obtained by grinding pieces of caramel into powder on runners or a paint mill and then dissolving the powder in a 2% alkali solution (NaOH, KOH) or 2-3% solutions of soda ash or sweat at 90-95 ° С (boiling) and atmospheric pressure for 60 minutes

The mass ratio of caramel and alkali, calculated on the dry matter, is 5 cc; 1 B.C .; caramel and soda or potash - 4 cc; 1 B.h. accordingly o.

Offered as a hydrophobic additive in concretes vat residue

82

raw turpentine rectification semi-. It is used in the sulphate roll of cellulose and contains a mixture of high boiling terpenes, terpene alcohols, and oligomeric products of thermal condensation of monoterpenes.

Characteristics of the vat residue rectification turpentine raw,

Density at 20 C0.986 g / cm. Refractive index 1, 515 4 Viscosity at 50 ° CO, 973-10 Molecular weight331 units. Acid Number 16.7 mg KOH / g Iodine Number 149.5 mg / g Vladaya00% Alcohols11.7% Sulfur0.38%

Ash content0.10% Elemental composition,%

C83,4

H10,1

О6,5

Group composition,% Phenols0,70

Neutral substances 97,10 Acids 0,22

Losses in determining G, 98

Fractional composition at boiling points 5% to 180 С 0.4

from 180 to 230 ° C 1.5 from 230 to 115 Residue above 270 ° C 79.5 Losses for rectification3, 1

Physico-mechanical properties of concrete samples are given in table 2.

formula of invention

1. A concrete mix, including cement, aggregate, water, and a plasticizing-air-entraining additive, characterized in that, in order to increase the strength and frost resistance of concrete, it contains saponified caramel as an additive - fodder yeast production waste, in the following ratio - com, mah.ch .:

Cement0.0735-0.234

Filler 0,684-0,8677 Voda0,0727-0,0730

The specified additive 0,00002-0,0002

313138284

2, the mixture according to A.1, which differs in addition to the distillation residue from distillation so that, in order to increase its mobility, it contains

turpentine raw materials based on terrins in the amount of 0.00002-0,0002 mas

Cement 0.0735 0.146 0.234 0.146 0.146 0.146 0.146 0.6 Filler 0.8677 0.781 0.684 0.781 0.781 O ,, 781 0.781 Zoda0.0592 0.0730 0.0819 0.0729 0.0729 0.072 0.0728 0.73

Washed caramel - fodder yeast production waste 0.00002 0,0004 0,0002 0.00002 0.00004 0.002 - The tertiary residue of turpentine turpentine on the basis of terpenes 0.0002 0.00004 0.0002 0,0002 additional vat residue

turpentine raw materials on the basis of terpenes in the amount of 0.00002-0,0002 mash.

Table 1

Claims (1)

Claim 45 1. A concrete mix, including cement, aggregate, water, and gashistifying-air-tight additive, characterized in that 59 in order to increase the strength and frost resistance of concrete, it contains saponified caramel as waste from the production of fodder yeast, with the following ratio of components, wt.h .: Cement 0.0735-0.234 Placeholder 0,684-0,8677 Water 0,0727-0,0730 The specified additive 0,00002-0,0002 3 1313828 2. The mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to increase its mobility, it contains additionally VAT residue of turpentine raw on the basis of terpenes in the amount of 0.00002-0,0002 wt.h. Table 1 Components concrete mixtures Content of components , ma.ch. by examples one 2 3 four five 6 7 Control Cement 0.0735 0.146 0.234 0.146 0.146 0.146 0.146 0.1 <6 Aggregate 0.8677 0.781 0.684 0.781 0.781 0.78.1 ^ 0.781 0.781 Water 0.0592 0.0730 0.0819 0.0729 0.0729 0.072¼ 0.0728 0.73 Washed "caramel" - waste production of fodder yeast 0,00002 0,0004 0,0002 0,00002 0,00004 0,002 VAT residue rectification turpentine raw on the basis of terpenes _ 0.0002 0.00004 0.0002 0.0002 - _ _ „Tabl and c a 2 Convenient Soder- Frost Strength on compression, Composition way of life. living stand- MPA stiffness with siege to air% bone steamed Steamed through Norm solid niya 28 day Noosa, cm concrete 4 h 28 days one U / 2,5 4.5 400 145 206 205 2 3 / 3.7 4.8 ' 600 253 364 365 3 3 / 4.9 five 800 485 537 540 four 3/8 4.5 600 230 305 323 five 0/12 4.5 600 225 310 329 6 0/17 4.9 800 220 299 325 7 3 / 3.5 1.9 200 232 309 332 Control eight Prototype 8 / 1.5 1.5 70 216 286 300 9 7/0 oh oh 250 203 280 307