SU1312109A1 - Method for manufacturing multipole permanent magnets - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, can be used in the manufacture of anisotropic permanent magnets, having the form of enemy bodies and magnetized diametrically. The purpose of the invention is to reduce costs and obtain consistently high magnetic properties. The method includes the following sequence of operations: manufacture of castings, face grinding, quality control of the structure, production of blanks, heat treatment — heating to temperatures of 1250 + 10 ° C, lag 20-40 minutes, rotation of the magnet with an angular speed of 1-10 rad / s in a magnetic field of at least 400 A / cm, cooling to, holding at this temperature for 10-15 minutes in a fixed position determined during the rotation of the magnet, final tempering at temperatures of 650 ± 10 C for 5 h and 560 for 10 C 20 h. 3 options for determining the fix position of The use of the method allows to significantly reduce the spread of magnetic properties and reduce the cost of permanent magnets by 0.6%. 3 tab. W with

Description

t1312109

retention refers to a particular metallurgy, it can be used in the manufacture of anisotropic permanent masks

s in sh e r t t

yarns having the form of bodies of rotation and magnetized diametrically.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the cost of permanent magnets and obtain consistently high magnetic properties.

The method is carried out as follows.

The UNDKZTZAA monocrystalline alloy castings are made by the modified Bridgman-Strok-Barger method by zone recrystallization of a pylycrystalline ingot on a single-crystal seed. The lower and upper parts of the casting cut, grind the ends. Conduct quality control of the Structure. Of the castings, billet magnets in the shape of bodies of rotation, for example cylindrical, conical, cylindrical-conical, with a central hole, etc., are made. Then, the billet magnets are subjected to heat treatment.

There are several options for the subsequent manufacture of permanent magnets using the proposed method,

Option 1. Magnet blanks are heated to 1250410 0 in electric - chi and kept for 20-40 min depending on the mass. homogenizing annealing. Then one billet of the magnet is removed from the electric furnace and fixed in a mandrel made with the possibility of rotation around the axis and fixation in an arbitrary position. The magnet preform is secured in the mandrel so that the axes of rotation of the mandrel and the symmetry of the magnet preform coincide. The mandrel is placed in the gap of the magnetizing device.

For the manufacture of two-pole and four-pole permanent magnets magnetizers are used in the working gap of which two and four pole tips are output. The mandrel is rotated uniformly with an angular velocity within 1-. 10 rad / s. Include magnetizing

2

gap

0

15

25

0

50

The device and in the gap at the pole ends create a magnetic field of at least 400 A / cm.

Determining the equilibrium position of the workpiece magnets is carried out, measuring the value of the variable component of the torque mechanical moment, for example, by the strain gauge method. To do this, an elastic element is mounted between the mandrel and its drive, on which the resistance strain gages are attached, which are connected to the strain amplifier. The equilibrium position is fixed by the transition of the signal at the output of the strain amplifiers through zero.

After cooling the billet magnet to 800 ± 10 ° C in a magnetized gap -. A thermostat is placed on the device. In this case, the preform of the magnet is placed in the working zone of the thermostat with a temperature of 800110 ° C. It is held for 10-15 minutes. Then the thermostat is removed from the working gap of the magnetizing device. The billet magnet is removed from the mandrel. Heat treatment is completed by tempering at 650 ± 10 ° C for 5 hours and at 560 ± 10 C for 20 hours.

Option 2. After determining the magnetisation, the billet of the magnet at 800t10 ° C is transferred to a thermostat installed in the working gap of the magnetizing device. The temperature in the working zone of the thermostat is 800 ± 10 ° C. The magnetic field in the working gap of the magnetizing device must be at least 200 A / cm. The transfer duration should not exceed 2–3 s. After transfer, the magnetization direction is maintained. After keeping in a thermostat for 10-15 minutes, the magnet preform is removed from the thermostat and subjected to tempering.

Option 3. The direction of magnetization is determined by the front of a homogenizing annealing, after which the preform of the magnet is fixed in this position. The determination of the direction of magnetization is carried out similarly to option 1.

Comparison of the properties obtained by the various versions of the proposed method and according to GOST is shown in Table 1.

thirty

40

45

Coercive

force hp

kA / m

Residual induction, BP, T

Magnetic energy, W, b3 |

Features implemented with a variationTable 1

118

118

120

1.09 - 1.09

1.08

41.5 41.0

42.5

parameters of the method are given in table 2 and 3.

Table 2

That blitz 3

513

Claims (1)

The technical and economic efficiency of using the proposed method of manufacturing permanent magnets is that operations and corresponding technological equipment for determining the direction of magnetization and the execution of the technological base corresponding to this direction are excluded from the technological process. This reduces the cost of permanent magnets by 0.6%. Invention Formula A method of manufacturing multipolar permanent magnets, including the determination of the direction of magnetization 96 blanks, homogenizing annealing, normalization in a constant magnetic field, saturation and thermomagnetic processing with orientation of the magnetization parallel to the induction vector of a constant magnetic field, characterized in that, in order to reduce the cost of the magnets being processed and to obtain stable magnetic properties, the direction of magnetization heating process for homogenizing annealing, or normalization, fixing the workpiece in the equilibrium position obtained by its rotation around the axis of symmetry in a magnetic field with an angular scopotTbfo of 1-10 rad / s.