SU1303565A1 - Fibre-forming device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the production of staple fibers, in particular to ejection type devices for producing fibers by the method of blowing a jet of melt. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the finished product. The fiber-forming device comprises a hollow body 1, located in the additional body 2 and having side holes 3, an axially symmetric Laval nozzle 4, diffuser nozzles 5, remote from the main body to form a gap into which the melt stream 6 is oriented, the front cover 7 seconds a receiving opening 8 for introducing a melt jet, a back cover 9, a working nozzle 10 with guides using blades 11, a gap 12 in the fiber-optic chamber 13 located between the truncated cones 14 and 15, an ejector 16 and fasteners 17. 1 Il. (Lg 2 9ffepZQHOCt / mfjib 7 CO O 00 ate CX) ate Znsryrnosspvl

Description

The invention relates to the production of staple fibers, in particular to ejection type devices for producing fibers by the method of blowing a melt jet,

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the finished product.

The drawing shows fiber pattern. device, longitudinal section. The fiber-forming device comprises a hollow body 1, located in the additional body 2 and having side holes 3, an axis-symmetrical Laval nozzle 4, diffuser nozzles 5, remote from the main body to form a gap into which the melt stream 6 is oriented, the front cover 7 with a receiving hole 8 for introducing a melt jet, a rear rim 9, a working nozzle 10 with guide vanes 11, a gap 12 in the fiberization chamber 13 located between the truncated cones 14 and 15, an ejector 16 and a fastener 17,

The device operates as follows.

The energy carrier (steam, compressed air) is simultaneously supplied to the additional body 2 and to the cavity of the main body, formed by the front 7 and rear 9 of its clamps, under high pressure. Passing the Laval nozzle 4 and the diffuser nozzles 5, the energy carrier accelerates and leaves the additional body at high speed .. Moreover, the kinetic energy of the jet formed by the nozzle 4 is higher than the kinetic energy of the individual jets formed by the nozzles 5. The energy carrier flow formed by the additional body represents It is a highly turbulent gas stream with an active core. From the working nozzle 10 into the fiber-forming chamber 13 a stream is sucked out by supersonic blades 11 into which the flow of energy carrier enters from the housing 2. The boundary layer appearing on the walls of the fiber-forming chamber 13 is removed by a gap 12. The melt jet 6 is introduced into the gap between the additional and main enclosures. It enters the flow of energy, formed by the nozzle 4 and the nozzles 5, is balanced, carried along by the flow by turning it through 90, accelerating and breaking into separate drops, which under the action of

five

five

0 Q

five

The cores of this stream are removed to its periphery. Partially cooled, the droplets fall into the swirling flow of energy carrier in the fiberization chamber, namely, in its active zone, where the formation of fibers takes place.

The implementation of an additional body with a Laval nozzle and with diffuser nozzles allows to form a flow, where the melt jet initially enters, as a high-turbulent gas flow with a maximum speed on the flow axis and with a minimum flow on its periphery. This leads to improved crushing of the melt jet and placement of the blowing products in the zone, from where they will fall into a more favorable area of the energy carrier flux formed by the working nozzle to process them into fiber. Experimental studies show that fibers form at the periphery of the chamber, fiber formation due to high relative axial velocities of the energy carrier.

Making the working nozzle in the main body in the form of a diffuser with guide vanes makes it possible to obtain a swirling flow of energy carrier, which intensively and efficiently processes melt droplets entering it at the periphery of the flow from the additional body into fibers. The caHfaiM reduces the number of droplets that fall into the axial zone of the fiberization chamber, which means the quality of the finished product is improved.

The execution of an axially symmetric receiving hole 8 in the lid 7 in the form of a nozzle is determined by the geometry of the flow of energy carrier formed by the additional housing, i.e. the opening angle of the opening 8 towards the fiber forming chamber 13 corresponds to the opening angle of the mixed flow of energy carrier entering the main housing. This minimizes the loss of energy flow when entering it into the main body n smoothly entering the products of the blowing of the melt jet into the active flow of energy carrier formed by the working nozzle 10.

The separation of the fiber-forming gap chamber constructively leads to the fact that it is made of two coaxially-truncated cones, between which there is

gap. This allows to suck up the growing boundary layer arising from the interaction of the energy carrier with the walls of the fiberizing chamber in the energy carrier flow and thereby reduce the loss of kinetic energy of the workflow, virtually eliminate the perturbations in the active flow from its interaction with the boundary layer, which qualitatively affects during the process of fiber formation (because of the disturbances that occur, it is impossible to obtain a long fiber, since in this case the disturbances with a large amplitude are transmitted rmiruyuschims naruschayut continuous fibers and forming them, which means that the resulting fiber will be short). The suction of the boundary layer in the chamber. The fiber formation facilitates the movement of melt droplets from the chamber axis to its periphery, which means it plays the role of a common flow mixer for leveling the velocity field at its exit from the device, and this has a positive effect on the length of the fibers obtained. more uniform geometrical parameters of fibers.

For different melts, from which the refractory staple fibers are obtained, and the corresponding different flow regimes of the energy carrier in the fiberization chamber of the proposed fiberising apparatus, the distance from the main corpuscle of the gap and the distance from the working section of the working nozzle 10 to the output fiber is high-quality processing of the melt into fiber.

The external ejector, where part of the energy goes through the gap 12,

Editor T. Mitejko Order 1272/26

Compiled by N.Ilinykh

Tehred A. Kravchuk Proofreader M. Demchik

Circulation 428 Subscription

VNIZhSH State Committee of the USSR

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, Projecto st., 4

and the surrounding air increases the ejection properties of the device, which allows to intensify the process of melt processing into fibers.

The combination of these factors

It makes it possible to obtain a fibrous material with a total content of non-fiber inclusions of 8.7%, with a capacity of 426 kg / h, against 340 kg / h and 46% of the total non-fiber inclusions in a known device.

15

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Fiber-forming device, including the main and additional bodies with energy-supply nozzles, a melt supply nozzle, a working nozzle and a fiber-forming The chamber, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the finished product, the additional body is made in the form of a hollow cylinder with a coaxially hollow truncated cone with side openings installed inside, the smaller base of which smoothly passes into the axisymmetric Laval nozzle with the output section located in one plane with inlet sections of diffuser nozzles that are installed along the inner wall of the additional body, their output sections are placed on the same 5 0 The working nozzle is made in the form of a diffuser with guide vanes oriented at an acute angle to the axis of the device, and the fiberization chamber consists of two coaxially arranged truncated cones separated by a gap.