SU1335540A1 - Method and apparatus for producing fibrous material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the production of composite materials from mineral and metal fibers used for the manufacture of heat-resistant products - engine housings, turbine blades. The purpose of the invention is to provide the possibility of obtaining composite materials from both mineral and metal fibers. Simultaneously with the formation of a stream of mineral fiber, an annular stream of energy carrier is pulled out of the nozzles and an accelerated stream of metal fiber is formed in the same chamber. The flow is arranged concentrically and is directed to the Soffa LN ' - / t a Energy carrier / L / g / hr

Description

Lelio the first flow. At the outlet of the chamber, both streams of fiber are mixed. An apparatus for producing a fibrous material comprises a metal melt receiver 10 with a cooling system 11. The receiver 10 is made with radially located spinnerets 14 entering the flow chamber of the fiber-forming element. A cylindrical nozzle 15 is installed in the outlet conical part of the chamber with an internal conical surface and longitudinal edges.

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The invention relates to the production of composite materials from mineral and metal fibers used for the manufacture of heat-resistant products — engine housings, turbine blades, and the like.

The aim of the invention is to make it possible to obtain composite materials from both mineral and metal fibers.

FIG. 1 shows the device, and the myodolny incision; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one ..

A device for producing a fiber composite material comprises a housing 1 with front 2 and rear 3 covers, a fiber flow chamber formed by connected bases with truncated cones A and 5 with a central, 1 m inlet 6 in front cover 2 for ejection of a mineral melt from a ring with a Laval nozzle 7 with an oblique cut connected to the cavity 8 and the hole 9 for the supply of energy carrier. In case 1, an annular metal melt receiver 10 is fixed with a cavity narrowing in the direction of the spinnerets and a cooling system 1 1 and nozzles 12 and 1 3, respectively, of the supply and removal of coolant (water). The receiver 10 is made with radially arranged spinnerets 14, emerging into the flow-forming fiber-forming chamber, in the outlet conical part of which a cylindrical nozzle is installed for 15 s. inner conical surface and external longitudinal radial partitions

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partition walls, separate ypgimi dies from each other. The inner wall of the flow chamber behind the Dali's nozzle is shaped along a parabola, made with an annular cavity 17 and connected to the flow part of the chamber with holes 18 located at an angle of 16-22 to its longitudinal axis. The service life of composites far exceeds the service life of mineral materials, doubling the service life of products. 2 sec. f-ly. 2 Il.

16, department of the dies 4 from each other. The inner wall of the flow chamber behind the Laval nozzle is shaped with a parabola and is made with an annular cavity 17 connected to the flow part of the chambers 18 that are directed at an angle of 16-22 to its longitudinal axis of the holes 18. -ctivative substance (LAV). In the rear part of the flow chamber in the tapered wall there is a diffuser slit 20 of adjustable cross section made to supply an additional annular flow of energy carrier „

The proposed method is implemented as follows.

The energy carrier is introduced through the opening 9 into the cavity 8 under high pressure (compressed air of 3-10 MPa, steam 6-8 MPa), where the energy carrier is evenly distributed with respect to the input sections of the nozzle 7 and the diffuser slot 20, the passage through their flow parts it accelerates and enters the flow chamber of the device at high speed. The speed of the energy carrier can create an ejection effect in the area of the inlet 6, the openings 18 and in the working area of the fiberization chamber of metal fibers. Under the action of ejection forces, surfactants are introduced through the nozzle 19 into the annular cavity 17, in the cavity 1 7 the LAW are evenly distributed around the parabolic surface of the nozzle 7 and through the cylindrical holes 18 enter the flow of energy.

carrier, sprayed and mixed with it.

From the outer surface of the front cover 2 into the hole 6 serves in the form of an axisymmetric jet of mineral melt. The jet through the hole 6 is sucked into the proto-chamber of the chamber and gets into the zone of action of the nozzle 7. Here, as a result of the interaction of the mineral melt with the flow of energy carrier, the melt is actively processed into fibers. Moreover, the spray products of the jet of mineral melt flow completely into the conical cavity of the cylindrical nozzle 15 and do not fall into the working forming zone of the metallic E curl. At the same time, refractory metals (eg, tungsten, heat-resistant steels, etc.) are fed into the metal receiver 10. Through system 11, metal receiver 10 is cooled with running water. Through the dies 14, the molten metal enters the forming zone in a curl. Here, the metal leaving the spinnerets is picked up by a fine stream in which fibers are formed, which then enter the zone of action of the diffuser 20. Here, the fiber is charged with additional acceleration, which leads to a discontinuity in the process of forming the fiber, resulting in a staple fiber. At the exit of the device, one stream is annular with metal fibers, and the second — an axisymmetric stream with mineral fibers interact, which leads to the formation of a composite material of mineral and metal fibers, which is then fed into the precipitation chamber.

In order to increase the productivity in obtaining the composite material by the proposed method, it is necessary to provide the maximum pressure of the molten metal with minimum values of the nozzle diameter and temperature in the metal receiver and the spinneret, as well as the capture of a larger jet of mineral melt (i.e. a jet with increased flow). To this end, the device combines chambers for the formation of mineral and metal fibers. In this case, the flow of energy carrier formed by the nozzle 7 immediately enters into the working zone with minimal energy losses.

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The shielding gap 20 increases the ejection effect of the outlet and the flow chamber. By parabola profiling of the outer wall of the nozzle 7, a stable high-speed flow with a minimum of disturbances, which are necessary, as experiments show, for the smooth formation of fibers, is formed at the entrance to the fiber-forming chamber of metal fibers, since only in this case they are relatively long and thin.

Placing the annular cavity 17 for the surfactant in the outer wall housing connected to the flow passage by cylindrical holes 18 oriented at an angle to the chamber axis. 16-22, provides suction of surfactant into the cavity and input into the flow of energy carrier due to the energy of the latter. Moreover, it is advisable that surfactants spread to the periphery of the flow path, which is provided in this device. Orientation of cylindrical holes under the specified angle range wasps. it is necessary to provide the necessary ejection effect for introducing the surfactant into the flow of energy carrier and the penetration of the streams of PAEs deep into this flow. Reducing the angle p6 to 12 increases the ejection force, but the penetration into the flow of energy carrier is superficial and leads to the fact that the surfactant is mainly blurred along the outer wall of the nozzle 7. Increasing the oC to 26 angle reduces the ejection effect and therefore penetrates

About surfactants can not without additional energy costs.

The implementation of the fiber-forming chamber of metal fibers in the form of docked lining of the base of the min- imal surfaces, at the junction line of which the dies 14 are located, is necessary in order to create the maximum pressure for a given diameter of the dies. During the formation of metal fibers, their length increases and they fall into the zone of action of the diffuser 20. They are informed by additional acceleration, which leads to disruption in the continuity of the process of forming fibers. The formed staple metal fibers are picked up by the flow of energy and come out of the device. In this case, the diffuser forms the flow of energy with

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tallic fibers, and the conical cavity of the nozzle 15 is a noTOJ energy carrier with mineral fibers. The presence of an annular diffuser slit 20 at the exit of the device allows these two streams to provide different speeds and thus achieve their active mixing.

Making the nozzles 7 and adjustable tongs 20 allows you to select the optimal mode of operation for producing composites from various mineral and metal melts.

Making the metal reservoir ring-shaped, with a cavity tapering towards the spinnerets, makes it possible to maximize the use of energy of the energy carrier to form the fibers and increase the productivity of staple fibers at relatively low energy costs.

The service life of composites far exceeds the service life of mineral materials. For example, the reinforcement of mullite-silica material with metal fibers obtained on the basis of stainless steel increases the service life of products, for example, turbine blades, by a factor of almost two.

Claims (2)

1. A method of producing a fibrous material by ejecting a jet of mineral melt by an annular flow of energy carrier into a fiberization chamber followed by blowing of the jet and forming an axisymmetric fiber flow in the chamber, characterized in that in order to make it possible to obtain composite materials from mineral and metallic fibers simultaneously . simultaneously with the formation of a stream of mineral fiber, an annular stream of energy carrier is drawn out of the nozzles and an accelerated stream of metal fiber 3 located concentric and directed parallel to the first stream is formed in the same chamber, and at the outlet of the chamber both streams of fiber are mixed, 2. A device for producing fibrous material, containing a flow-through fiber-forming chamber in the form of base-truncated cones with a central opening for ejection of the mineral melt and an Laval annular nozzle of adjustable section for supplying the energy carrier, in order to ensure composite materials simultaneously from mineral and metallic fibers, it is equipped with an annular cooled metal melt receiver fixed to the chamber body with a narrowing A cylindrical nozzle with an inner conical surface with outer longitudinal radial partitions 1: separating the nozzles from each other, radially arranged in the outlet conical part of the chamber and radially arranged in the outlet conical part of the chamber; a cavity connected to the flow-through part of the chamber with openings directed at angle b-22 to its longitudinal axis, and behind the spinnerers in the conical wall of the chamber and the strong diffusion gap for supplying additional annular flow energy carrier. 15 Compiled by B. Kogan Editor N Gulko Tehred M. Didyk Order 4015/21 Circulation 427 Subscription VNII1Sh State Committee of the USSR for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., d, 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, ul. Project, 4 FIG. 2 Proofreader L. Beskid