SU1258524A1 - Rolling mill - Google Patents

Description

) Retenne refers to rolling principle, namely, wave rolling mills, and can be used in metallurgical and machine-building plants, mainly for sheet rolling of difficult-to-deform billets.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the specific power and efficiency of the rolling mill.

Figure 1 shows the rolling mill, a longitudinal section; figure 2 - section aa in figure 1; on fig.Z - part of the rotor with a roller on a larger scale; Fig. 4 shows a binary thermodynamic cycle carried out in a rolling mill.

The rolling mill contains a fixed frame 1 with hermetic lids 2 and 3, forming the internal cavity 4, and a C-shaped plate 5, the profile of which is made in the form of a two-epitrochoid surface that encloses a triangular rotor-piston 7 mounted on an eccentric shaft 6 rotationally arranged work rolls 8, coupled between each other gears 9 and 10 with internal and external teeth, fixed respectively on the rotor-piston 7 and the base 1, the gear ratio of which is 3/2, inlet 11 and retraction 12 channels connected respectively to the source of the carburized working mixture and a silencer, and a pilot device 13 installed in the internal cavity 4.

To increase the specific power and efficiency in the rotor-piston 7, a hermetic chamber 14 is made, partially filled with an easily evaporating heat-transfer fluid, in which a series-connected steam generator 15, a turbine 16, a condenser 17 and a condensate pump 18 are placed, while the condenser 17 and the steam generator 15 are made in the form of rotation bodies, coaxial to the eccentric shaft 6, and the capacitor 17 is attached to the steam generator 15 and is shifted relative to it to the axis of rotation of the rotor-piston 7.

To reduce parasitic heat flows from the steam generator 15 to the condenser 17 between the steam generator 15, the turbine 16, the condenser 17 and the condensate pump 18 are installed

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toroidal thermal insulator 19, which has a large thermal resistance.

Water, ethyl alcohol, heptane, flutec, etc. can be used as a lightly evaporating heat-transfer fluid. Termex, mercury, cesium, lithium, etc. can be used in the implementation of a higher-temperature cycle.

The hermetic chamber 14, the steam generator 15, the turbine 16, the condenser 17 and the condensate pump 18 can be made in one piece with the rotor-piston 7 by casting on the produced models. The spouts (not shown) are simultaneously used for vacuum filling the hermetic chamber 14 coolant, and then hermetically silenced. It is also possible to assemble these elements. In any case, the solution to the problem of leakage of the working fluid is fundamental, since the operation is ensured without the use of moving seals.

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The C-shaped plate 5 is made removable and is fixed in the bed 1. In the C-shaped plate 5 a stream is provided, which, together with the outer surfaces of the work rolls 8, forms a wedge-shaped caliber in the polar coordinate system. In the work rolls 8 can also be performed the required streams.

To improve heat removal from the condenser 17, oil channels (not shown) may be provided, made in the eccentric shaft 6 and included in the circulation loop of the mill lubrication system equipped with oil pumps and oil coolers (not shown). Other options for heat removal from the condenser 17, for example, in the form of heat pipes. However, at moderate power of the mill, heat sink to the mass of the mill is provided without special measures due to thermal conductivity.

The inner surface of the C-shaped plate 5, the outer surface of the rotor-piston 7 and the inner surfaces of the hermetic krippek 2 and 3 form three chambers of variable volume- filled with working medium — air with the working mixture for the left chamber, and combustion products for the right.

The source of the carburized working mixture, connected to the inlet pipe 11, is an air inlet and a spray of liquid liquid and is used to prepare and supply the working mixture that burns in the upper chamber of a variable volume. s

A silencer connected to the exhaust duct 12 serves to reduce acoustic oscillations arising from the release of exhaust products of combustion, and can be equipped with a neutralizer to reduce the toxicity of exhaust gases.

For supplying and receiving rolled metal, creating front and rear tension and providing the vanes of the rotor-piston 7 for 15 loops of rolled metal, the coilers 20 and 21 and deflecting rollers 22-25 serve as loops of rolled metal.

To reduce parasitic gas exchange between the chambers of variable volume and 20, the rotor-piston 7 is provided with radial ones. seals 26,

The ignition device 13 is electrically connected to a cam interrupter 27, mechanically coupled 25 with the eccentric shaft 6 and allowing adjustment of the ignition advance.

For starting the rolling mill by initial twisting, the eccentric shaft 6 is equipped with a spindle 28, which connects to the starter device

(not shown)

In order to optimize the rolling mode, means for low-inertial measurement and control of the rolling speed and torque, front and rear tension, compo- sition, associated with the electronic computer 35 can be provided. VA and supply of the working mixture, the value of 40 ahead of ignition, temperature and pressure in the chambers of variable volume, the magnitude of advance of ignition, the composition and temperature of the exhaust gas and other parameters,. 45

Rolling mill operates as follows.

After the task of the strip, the required rolling mode is established by one of the known methods and the auxiliary mode optimization systems are turned on. When this rolled metal forms inside the frame 1 loop of a triangular shape, grasping the work rolls 8 on the outer forming. By means of a starter device, a spindle 28 is started, and

the rolling mill goes into self-rotating mode.

When the rotor-piston 7 rotates in the direction indicated in Fig. 1 (clockwise), a binary (combined) thermodynamic cycle consisting of a four-cycle cycle with an isochoric supply of heat and a steam-powered cycle with an isobaric supply of heat and steam-power is carried out in the rolling mill. cycle with isobaric heat supply from the previous cycle.

The four-cycle cycle is detected in the inner cavity 4, and the steam-power cycle - in the sealed chamber 14.

The perfect four-stroke cycle (figure 4) consists of the following processes.

The first process, a - b, compressing the working mixture is adiabatic and proceeds in the chamber of variable volume with its left polosniy. The temperature rises from TD to Tj. Compression ratio 6-10.

The second process b - with the combustion of the working mixture is isochoric and takes place in a variable volume chamber at its upper position. The temperature rises from Tj to Td. Heat is supplied in this process as a result of the ignition of the compressed working mixture with an electric spark from the ignition device 13, controlled by a cam-breaker 27. High temperature and pressure increase the fluidity of the rolled metal.

The third process, c - d, expansion of the combustion products is adiabatic and proceeds in a variable volume chamber at its right position. The temperature decreases from T to Tj. There is a transformation of heat into mechanical work, ensuring the self-rotation of the work rolls 8 and the deformation of the prokogomogo metal. The fourth process, d - a, removal of combustion products is isochoric and takes place in a chamber of variable volume at its lower position. The temperature decreases from Tj to Td. The parameters take the initial value and the loop closes.

The real four-stroke cycle differs from the ideal described in that the work proceeds with heat losses through the walls of the inner cavity 4, one of which is external

the surface of the rotor-piston 7, therefore, the processes of compression a b and expansion c - d do not occur adiabatically, but polypropylene at varying values of polytrope indicators.

The heat removed in the four-stroke cycle is partially used in the steam-power cycle.

The ideal steam-power cycle (figure 4) consists of the following processes

The first process e - f, depicted by a broken line, is an isobaric process of supplying heat from the previous cycle and takes place in the steam generator 15. The temperature rises from T (- to T,. The initial section of t - f corresponds to bringing the heat transfer medium of the sealed chamber 14 to boiling, horizontal - isothermal vaporization, and the final - overheating.

The result of the process is the generation of superheated steam.

The second process f - g is an adiabatic expansion of superheated steam in the turbine 16. The temperature decreases from T to Td. The transformation of heat into mechanical work takes place — a torque occurs on the blades of the turbine 16, which is summed with the rotating moment of the rotor-piston 7.

The third process g - h is an isothermal process of condensation of the exhaust steam of the turbine 16 in the condenser 17, flowing at a constant temperature T T,. The heat of condensation is removed through the eccentric shaft 6.

The fourth process, h - e, is adiabatic condensate compression by a condensate pump 18. The temperature rises from T to Tg, due to the low compressibility of the liquid Tg TL.

The real steam power cycle also differs from the ideal one, since the expansion processes f - g and compression h - proceed with heat loss.

The heat sink into the hermetic chamber 1 does not reduce the maximum temperature of the four-cycle cycle due to the practical instantaneous process b - from the combustion of the working mixture.

The rolled metal moves from the right coiler 21 to the left coiler 20, while the work rolls 8 ensure compression in the working caliber and the rolling metal roll is rotated counterclockwise (FIG)

The feeding strip does not rub against the working surface of the C-shaped plate 5. During the rolling process, a traveling deformation wave propagates along the rolled metal, the frequency of which is determined by the speed of rotation of the rotor-piston 7 and its amplitude. yes - the difference of the radius of the circumference described around the rotor-piston 7 and the radius inscribed in the rotor-piston 7 of the circumference.

For one revolution of the rotor porshn 7. the rolled metal travels a distance equal to the difference of the lengths of the C-shaped plate 5 and the perimeter of the rotor-piston 7. Since this difference is relatively small, the rolled metal is in the inner cavity 4 for several working cycles and each section of it is repeatedly subjected to hot spots and deformations exposed to high temperatures and pressures, which increases its fluidity and significantly increases the productivity of rolling hard-to workpieces.

Partial utilization of the waste heat of the four-cycle cycle a - - b c - d, flowing in the inner cavity 4, in the steam power cycle e - f - g - h, flowing in the sealed chamber 14, allows increasing the power density and efficiency of the rolling mill by 20-30 %. At the same time, the temperature of the rotor-piston 7 is stabilized within the prescribed temperature limits, which prevents the rotor-piston 7 from jamming in the internal cavity and causing an emergency situation.

In the first approximation, the increase in the specific power and economic efficiency of a rolling mill due to the utilization of waste heat can be estimated by the formula

(g.) /,

where k is the coefficient characterizing the increase in power density and efficiency, the efficiency of the known

mill5

2 waste heat recovery efficiency

2 (1 -t), ky.

 where is the efficiency of napoci

cycle;

k - coefficient characterizing the proportion of heat utilized.

7

For example, with,, we get k, 1, 2, i.e.

power and efficiency increases by 20%.

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21

24 25

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FIG. 2

Editor O. Golovach

Compiled by G.Rostov Tehred L.Oleinik

Order 6294Discount 518Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

 Production and printing enterprise, Uzhgorod, ul. Project, 4

Proofreader V.Sinitska

Claims (1)

A ROLLING MILL containing a fixed bed with hermetic covers forming ^{: an} internal cavity, and a C-shaped plate, the profile of which is in the form of a two-epitrochoid surface, wrapping around a triangular rotor-piston mounted on an eccentric shaft, at the vertices of which work rolls interlocked between gears with internal and external teeth, mounted respectively on the rotor-piston and stannum, inlet and outlet channels connected respectively to the source of the carburetor a working mixture and a silencer, and an ignition device installed in the internal cavity, characterized in that, in order to increase the specific power and economy, the rotor piston is equipped with a sealed chamber, partially filled with an easily evaporating liquid coolant, and placed. with a steam generator, a turbine, a condenser, and a condensate pump, connected in series, the condenser and the steam generator l are made in the form of bodies of revolution coaxial to the eccentric shaft, af ^ the condenser is attached to the steam generator _; torus and is offset relative to it to the axis ξ of rotation of the rotor-piston. to from 4 ^