SU125146A1 - Electro-hydraulic device for automatic gear shifting in manual gearboxes - Google Patents

Description

Electro-hydraulic automatic gear shifters are known in automatic 1-speed manual transmissions with hydraulic actuator AND electromagnetic control system.

The disadvantage of such devices is the presence of jerks when shifting gears, associated with the action of an automaton operating depending on the speed and on resistance to movement.

In the described invention, this disadvantage is eliminated by the fact that, in order to ensure the smoothness of gear shifting, the inclusion of an eye friction clutch is made depending on the magnitude of the engine torque and the gear engaged. The device is designed with a main clutch power cylinder, controlled by spools with an electromagnetic control system, connected to the fuel pedal and a device for automatic transmission selection in accordance with the driving speed and engine torque.

The drawing shows a diagram of an electro-hydraulic automatic gear shift device.

The electro-hydraulic automatic gear shift device consists of an oil pump /; a power cylinder 2 disengaging the spool 3 of the control and the spools 4 and 5 of the following system associated with the automatic and the accelerator 6; a shift cylinder 7 with a contact device 8 and control spools 9; a locking mechanism 10 with a control valve 11, an electromagnet 12 and a contact device 13; a rocker mechanism 14 with two electromagnets 1o for electing transmissions; electromagnetic relays 16 (by the number of gears) controlled by buttons 17; buttons 18 independent friction clutch; electromagnet 19 unscramble

No. 125146

relay circuit 16; the automatic selection of the moments of the gear shift and the circuit of the corresponding relay 16.

The machine includes: an oil pump (driven from the output shaft of the gearbox (speed regulator); spool 21 connected to the accelerator 6 and throttling the oil from the spool 3; spool 22 ensuring the closure of the corresponding contact 23 depending from the pressure created by the oil pump 20 and throttled by the spool 21; the automatic shutdown button 24.

When the engine is running and the gear is not engaged, the control buttons and spools are E. the initial positions; the oil pump / is unloaded, since the roller of the locking mechanism is turned clockwise by the return spring of the electromagnet / 2 and the spool U / informs the pump with discharge; drive crawlers to the gearbox 3anepT j; lever 25 is in the middle position (against the center slider) under the action of two return springs; pump 20 does not work.

If the driver makes a shift by pressing buttons, the system works as follows.

When you turn on the first transmission

By pressing the first transfer button, the winding circuit of the corresponding relay is closed, as a result of which the contacts a, b, c, d are closed, and the button in the depressed position is held by a special locking device (as in radio receivers). The contacts are first closed, but the current does not flow into the coil of the electromagnet of the spool 9, since the roller of the locking mechanism is not turned and the contacts 13 are not closed. At the same time, contacts b are closed, the current enters the coil of the electromagnet 1-, the lever 25 is installed against the first slide transfer and backward stroke. Then contacts a are closed, as a result of which the electromagnet U2 turns the roller of the locking mechanism, which is installed by notches against the stoppers, which creates the possibility of switching on the transmission. The spool 11 directs the oil to the spools 5 and 9, the main clutch is turned off, as the contacts 13 are closed, the spool 9 opens and the first gear is engaged. After switching on the transmission, contacts b are closed and, therefore, the circuit of the electromagnet 15 is broken. The electromagnet 19 opens the locking device, the button returns to its original position with its spring, and the relay contacts open.

At the same time, the oil pump communicates with the spool drain. The electromagnet of the spool 3 opens and the main clutch is engaged with a speed determined by the drain holes of the spool 5 (depending on the torque value of the engine).

Similarly, other gears are shifted. With the start of movement, the oil pump 20 begins to create pressure in the spool-regulator 22 and spool 4, which, moving with an increase in pressure during the transition to an external gear, changes the drain hole, affecting the speed of engagement of the main clutch along with the spool 5.

To stop the machine or turn off the gear, it is enough to press button 18. At the same time, the main clutch is turned off and the gear is switched off (under the action of the return springs of the power cylinder 7). After releasing the button, the main clutch will turn on. For tracked vehicles, this button should be positioned on one of the control levers of the turning mechanisms, which will allow you to move off in difficult road conditions with the necessary smoothness using the turning mechanisms.

The mechanism in the system of the machine

If the automat is on (button 24 is pressed), then the selection of the moment of switching the key and closing of the circuit of the corresponding relay is made by a gold-regulator 22 with a contact device 23.

With an increase in the speed of movement, the pump 20 creates in the zolotnik-regulator the increasing pressure, under the action of which the valve, having overcome the resistance of the retainer and the spring, moves to the position corresponding to the inclusion of the next gear. The configuration (angle) of the recess for the retainer and the spring stiffness are selected so that the resistance of the retainer is equal to or greater than the product of the spring stiffness and deformation of the spring necessary to start the next gear (closing the next contact in the contact device 23).

By means of the spool 2 / switch to the next gear is made taking into account the degree of pressure on the "gas pedal". As the accelerator pedal is depressed, by increasing the throttling through the spool 2 / transition to the next (higher) gear, it will occur at a higher speed.

Since during operation of the automatic machine, the winding of the relay of the included gear will be constantly energized (its electrical circuit does not open), then in the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th gear relays it is necessary to have demagnetizing windings, thanks to which switching on the transmission will open the relay contacts.

Transitions from high to low gears should be made at speeds lower than from low to high. This can be achieved70 due to the different angles of the notches under the ball of the fixer.

Subject invention

The electro-hydraulic automatic gear shift in stepped manual gearboxes of hydraulically operated cars and an electromagnetic control system is different from the fact that, in order to ensure smooth gear shifting by varying the speed of engagement of the main friction clutch depending on the resistance to movement, the device is made with a power cylinder switching on the main clutch, controlled by spools, connected to the fuel pedal and the automatic switch for selecting the moments Yeni gear.

L 125146