SU1130254A1 - Method of growing plant seedling in sheltered ground - Google Patents

Abstract

THE METHOD OF CULTIVATION OF PLANT SEEDLING IN A PROTECTED GROUND, including the artificial illumination of seedlings with light with a spectrum of the maximum in the field of photosynthesis of active radiation, characterized in that, in order to intensify growth and develop seedlings and reduce the time of its cultivation, coverage of seedlings after germination in the first 8-12 days. conducted in green light and about

Description

The invention relates to the cultivation of plants under greenhouse conditions, in particular to the cultivation of seedlings under artificial light. Methods are known for growing plants in the oskustechny illumination with various lamps of the type DRI-400, LOR-1000, DRL-1000, DRLF-400. In this case, the usual term for obtaining seedlings is on average 30 days ij. The closest to the invention to the technical essence is the method of growing seedlings under combined illumination with light of fluorescent lamps and incandescent lamps | 2j. The disadvantage of these methods is the long period of obtaining plants ready for transplanting to a permanent place, the intensity of biomass accumulation and the increase in leaf area is low. The purpose of the invention is to intensify the growth and development of seedlings and reduce the time of its cultivation. The goal is achieved by the fact that, according to the method of growing seedlings of plants in protected ground, seedlings in the first 8-12 days after germination are illuminated with green light in the region of 500-590 nm, and the subsequent 8-12 days with red light in the region of 610-590 nm. Example 1 .. Pickled cucumber seeds are planted in pots filled with neutralized peat soaked with Chesnokov's nutrient solution. After the emergence of sprouts, the plants are illuminated with green light in the region of 500-590 nm, with a radiation maximum at 530 nm, an intensity of .36.3 W / m2 at a 12-hour light day from 8 to 20 hours. The temperature at night is +18 C, in the daytime +20 C. The illumination is realized with the help of LZ-40 luminescent green lamps. 10 days after the beginning of the illumination the seedlings are switched to red, the light in the 610-690n region with the emission maximum at 665 nm and intensity of 33.8 W / m at 12-hour daylight from 8 to 20 hours at a temperature of +18 ° C at night, +20 ° C in the afternoon. After 10 days of irradiation, a fifth sheet appears and Hell ready for planting in the ground. With additional (another 10-day light), 6-7 leaves and flower buds are formed at the seedlings. Control is the seedlings of cucumbers. grown under illumination with DRLF-400 lamps with an irradiance of 83.1 W / m, usually adopted in the practice of greenhouse farming at a 12-hour day from 8 to 20 h and at a temperature of +18 ° C at night and + 20 ° C during the day. After 20 days of growing the seedlings, the dry weight of the cucumber plants in the green variant is red light, leaving 860 mg., Leaf area 172.0 cm. Under the DRLF-400 lamps dry weight 505 mg, Leaf area 62, 12 cm. After 30 days of cultivation in the green-red light version, the dry weight of the biomass is 1092 mg, the leaf area is 451 cm. Under the DRLF-400 lamps, the dry weight of the biomass is 958 mg, the leaf area is 102 cm, Example 2. Cucumber seedlings are grown in the same way as in Example 1, but the duration of irradiation with green light is 12 days, after which the plants are switched to red light for 8 days. After 20 days of cultivation, the dry weight of the biomass in the green option is red light is 805 mg, the leaf area is 152.0 cm. Under the DRLF lamps, the dry weight of the biomass is 505 mg, the leaf area is 62.12 cm. After 30 days of cultivation 12 days green + 18 days the red weight of dry biomass is 1050 mg, the leaf area is 420 cm. Under the DRLF-400 lamps, the dry weight of the biomass is 958 mg, the leaf area is 102 cm. Example 3. Cucumber seedlings are grown in the same manner as in Example 1, but the duration of irradiation with green light is 8 days, after which the plants are switched to red light for 12 days. After 20 days of cultivation, the dry weight of the biomass in the green - red light variant is 815 mg, the leaf area is 132 cm. By DRLF-400 lamps, the dry weight of the biomass is 505 mg, the leaf area is 62.12 cm. After 30 days of cultivation (8 days green + 22 dn red) biomass dry weight 1032 mg, leaf area 370 cm2. Under the DRLF-400 lamps, the dry weight of the biomass is 95.8 mg, the leaf area is 102 cm. The test results are presented in the table. As can be seen from examples 1-3 and the table, the lighting by the proposed method L intensifies the accumulation of biomass. significantly increases leaf area and speeds up the time it takes to get seedlings ready for transplanting. 3 Example A. Tomatoes after picking into peat pots are grown in the same manner as in Example 1, when illuminated for 10 days with LZ-40 green fluorescent lamps in the range 500-590 nm with an emission maximum at 530 nm, the intensity 36.3 W / m, followed by 10 + 10 dn - red light from LK-40 fluorescent red lamps in the region of 610-690 nm with a radiation maximum at 6b5 with an intensity of 33.8 W / m at 12-hour light day (8 up to 20 hours), day and night +18 ° C temperatures. After 20 days of cultivation, the dry weight of the seedlings of the tomatoes in the green-red variant is 420 mg, the leaf area is 85 cm. In the DRLF-400 irradiation control (irradiance 83.1 W / m), the seedling's dry weight is 240, the leaf area is 32.0 s. After 30 days of cultivation in the green variant — red light, the dry weight of 544 seedlings is 458 mg, leaves 91 cm. Under the DRLF-400j lamps a dry weight is 247 mg, the leaf area is 48.0 cm. The proposed method of growing seedlings of cucumbers and tomatoes makes it possible to shorten the growing period on i / 3. seedlings and at the same time use 2 times less intensity of illumination of plants than it is accepted now, which provides significant savings in energy consumption when growing seedlings, both by saving electricity for lighting and energy consumption for heating the greenhouse for 10 days. The greatest effect is obtained when using JI3-40 colored fluorescent green lamps and red lacquer red coatings (LK-40) with a wide emission spectrum (LZ-40 500-590 nm with a maximum radiation at 530 nm and LK-40 610 690 nm with radiation maximum at 665 nm.

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Claims (1)

METHOD OF GROWING PLANT SEEDS IN A PROTECTED SOIL, including artificial lighting of seedlings with light with a spectrum p. maximum in the field of photosynthetically active radiation, characterized in that, in order to intensify the growth and development of seedlings and reduce the time for its cultivation, lighting seedlings after germination in the first 8-12 days. spend green light in the region of 500-590 nm, and the next 8-12 days ~ red light in the region of 610-690 nm.