SU1099016A1 - Percussive apparatus for making holes in soil - Google Patents

Abstract

1. DEVICE OF SHOCK ACTION FOR FORMATION OF WELLS IN THE SOIL, comprising a housing with radial channels, an anvil, a hammer with windows and a runway, forming a backstop chamber with the housing, and with a branch pipe having radial holes and installed in the axial recess of the hammer, the camera of the forward stroke, the nut connected to the pipe and the casing, and the casing, differing from the fact that, in order to increase the productivity of boreholes, the casing is connected to the anvil and the nut, and there are inclined grooves in it housing and the housing is formed an annular air chamber, and in the guiding of the striker sk has channels for periodic messages forward stroke chamber with an annular air chamber. 3 2. The device according to claim.}, Characterized in that the diameter of the channels in the guide along the hammer shaft is smaller than the diameter of the nozzle orifices and the diameter of the body channels.

Description

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The invention relates to construction engineering, s in particular to percussion devices for drilling wells in the ground with trenchless laying of communications. A device is known for forming NIN wells in the ground, including a core with a drive and a tip lj. The disadvantage of this device is low productivity. due to the cyclical penetration of the tip into the soil during the formation of wells, the closest to the invention to the technical essence and the achieved result is the percussion device l v.grunte form wells, comprising a housing with channels of the radial, anvil, punch and nick with windows. a skid guide, which forms a reversing chamber with the body, and with a pipe branch having radial holes and installed in the axial recess of the hammer, a forward wheel chamber, a nut connected to the pipe branch and the body, and a casing Zj. However, in the known device, the resistance from ground rubbing along the conical and lateral cylindrical surfaces of the housing and the housing reaches a significant value, which significantly reduces the penetration rate and, consequently, the productivity of the device. The purpose of the invention is to increase the productivity of wells. This goal is achieved by the fact that in the percussion device for the formation of wells in the ground, comprising a housing with radial channels, an anvil, a drummer with a window-hole and a guide rail, which forms with the housing a backstop chamber with a radial branch pipe in the axial recess of the impactor, the forward stroke chamber, the nut connected to the nozzle and the housing, and the case 3 are connected to the anvil and the nut, and inclined grooves are made in it, with an annular ring formed between the case and the case. zdushna camera, and in the guiding of the striker sk has channels for periodic messages chamber forward stroke with a stake tsevoy air chamber. Moreover, the diameter of the channels in the direction of the striker side is less than the diameter of the nozzle openings and the diameter of the body channels. FIG. 1 shows the proposed device in the direct course of the striker; FIG. 2 is the same with the reverse stroke of the striker, FIG. 3, section A-A in FIG. 2f in FIG. 4, section B-B in FIG. 2. The percussion device for | 1 wells in the ground comprises a housing 1 , on. the casing 2, the hammer 3 and the pipe 4 are fastened, the nut 5 is screwed into the end of the casing 2, the hammer 3 with the housing 1 forms the backstop chamber 6, and with the pipe 4 4, the forward running chamber 7. The side surface of the housing 1, the inner surface of the casing 2 and the end face of the nut 5 form an annular air chamber 8. Inclined grooves 9 are made in the casing 2, and a cone 11 is open on the conical surface. In the front part of the casing 2 a cone 11 is formed, the gap 12 In the housing 1, radial channels 13 are made, the drummer 3 has windows 14 on its side surface, and inclined channels 16 are drilled on its guide 15, Nozzle 4 has radial holes 17 that are offset from windows 14, a blow Nick and do not communicate with each other. In the nut 5 channels 18 are drilled for exhausting air into the atmosphere. The end of the housing 1 enters the groove of the nut 5, in which the seal 19 is installed. The housing 1 has an anvil on. 20. The device operates as follows. In the case of the firing pin of FIG. 1, its working stroke begins. Compressed air is supplied through pipe 4 to chamber 7, windows 14 overlap with the side surface of pipe 4 o. The pressure in chamber 7 rises, as a result of which drummer 3 begins to move forward. The device is held in the ground due to the friction force of the ground on the side surface of the casing. At some point in time preceding the impact of the front part of the housing 1, the radial holes 17 of the fender 4 are aligned with the inclined channels 16, filled with HMF H in the direction of shock 15 shka 3, -and with radio channels 13 and case 1 (Fig. 2). The air from chamber 7 through channels 13 begins to flow into chamber 8, filling it. Then the impactor 3 strikes the anvil of the housing 1, inserting it into the ground and the compressed air from chamber 8 begins to flow at high speed through the holes 10 and the gap 12 into the conical part of the housing 2, tearing out particles of the adjacent soil and reducing friction between the soil and the conical surface air lubrication expense. At the same time, air from chamber 8 through inclined grooves 9 enters the cylindrical surface of casing 2, reducing the friction of the soil and along this surface. Thus, a layer of air lubricant is formed over the entire side surface of the housing 2. Compressed air from chamber 7 through windows 14 begins to flow into chamber 6, acting on the entire face area of drummer 3. Since the face area of drummer 3 on the side of chamber 6 is much larger than on the side of chamber 7, drummer 3 begins to move backwards. Wherein

the air supply for lubricating the outer surface of the casing is stopped, since the radial holes 17 of the nozzle 4 overlap the inner side surface of the hammer. Windows 4 overlap the side surface of the pipe 4 and the flow of compressed air into the chamber 6 is stopped. Next hit. 3 is driven by the expansion of air in chamber 6 and by its own inertia.

Upon further movement of the firing pin, the window 14 leaves the edge of the nozzle 4 (Fig. 1) and exhaust from the chamber b comes through the windows 14 and the channels 18 to the atmosphere. The impactor 3 is stopped by the pressure of the compressed air in chamber 7, not striking the nut 5. Then the cycle is repeated.

The use of the proposed device for the formation of wells in the ground makes it possible to increase its productivity by reducing the friction of the soil on the side surface of the casing.

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Claims (2)

1. IMPACT DEVICE FOR THE FORMATION OF WELLS IN THE SOIL, which contains a housing with radial channels, an anvil, a hammer with windows and a guiding belt, forming a return chamber with the housing, with a nozzle having radial holes and installed in the axial recess of the hammer, forward-facing chamber, a nut connected to the nozzle and the housing, and a casing, characterized in that, in order to increase the productivity of well formation, the casing is connected to the anvil and the nut, and inclined grooves are made in it, while between the casing m and the housing is formed an annular air chamber, and the guide collar of the striker channels for periodic messages forward stroke chamber with an annular air chamber. 2. The device pop. characterized in that the diameter of the channels in the guide belt of the striker is less than the diameter of the holes of the nozzle and the diameter of the channels of the housing.