AU607419B2 - Down hole drill improvement - Google Patents
Down hole drill improvement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU607419B2 AU607419B2 AU73391/87A AU7339187A AU607419B2 AU 607419 B2 AU607419 B2 AU 607419B2 AU 73391/87 A AU73391/87 A AU 73391/87A AU 7339187 A AU7339187 A AU 7339187A AU 607419 B2 AU607419 B2 AU 607419B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- chamber
- pressure fluid
- casing
- disposed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000014036 Castanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001070941 Castanea Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
- E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Description
Our Ref :56500 POF Code: 1428/1428 2 2-6 MAY 198( 1' '-4 6012q/1
T
4 ii
U
1 4
AUSTRALIA
Patents Act 5Q74fg.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(ORIGINAL)
Class Int. Class Application Numiber: Lodged: 2 r~1iW~ Complete Specification Lodged: Accepted: Published: Priority Related Art: t U0 qIt APPLICANT'S REFERENCE: 9962-IR-RD Name(s) of Applicant(s): Ingersoll-Rand Company Address(es) of Applicant(s): 200 Chestnut Ridge Road, Woodcliff Lake, New Jersey 07675-8738, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
Address for Service is: PHILLIPS ORMONDE FITZPATRICK Patent and Trade Mark Attorneys 367 Collins Street Melbourne 3000 AUSTRALIA Complete Specification for the invention entitled: DOWN HOLE DRILL IMPROVEMENT Our Ref 56500 POF Code: 1428/1428 The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to applicant(s): 600 3q/1-- 1 declarani(s) R.T. Boyd, Secretary Note: No legalization or other witness required To: The Commissioner of Patents ps8,7!78 PHILLIPS ORMONDE FITZPATRICK Patent and Trade Mark Attorneys 367 Collinis Street Melbourne, Australia 4,084,646 issued to Ewald H. Kurt and assigned to Ingersoll-Rand Company. The drawings and specification of that patent are hereby incorporated by reference to describe the basic drill and similar drills to which the present invention applies.
The present invention provides a percussive drill apparatus of the valveless type adapted for down-hole drilling, comprising; a casing; a backhead disposed at the back end of the casing adapted to connect the drill apparatus to a drill o r O N t 020 cC *e C o c a I a 554j te
C
S t S Dkt. No. 9962-IR-RD string and a source of pressure fluid; a distributor disposed within the casing towards the back end of the casing; a percussive member disposed at the front end of the casing to form a chamber having a back end disposed towards the distributor and a front end dispose. towards the percussive member between the distributor and the percussive member within the casing; a cylinder sleeve disposed in the chamber toward the back end of the chamber; a first pressure fluid passage formed between the casing and the cylinder sleeve to connect the pressure fluid source to the chamber; a piston disposed in the chamber to reciprocata axially therein and impart a blow on the percussive member; the piston being in sliding :ao: contact with the cylinder sleeve adjacent the back end of S the chamber and in sliding contact with the casing adjacent the front end of the chamber; a means for continuously applying pressure fluid to a selected portion of the back end of the piston to thereby provide a continued driving force on the piston towards the front end of the chamber; a means for alternately supplying and 0 exhausting pressure fluid to a selected portion of one side of the piston disposed towards the back end of the chamber and to a selected portion of the other side of the p pp piston disposed towards the front end of the chamber to o thereby reciprocate the piston; the means for alternately supplying and cxhausting pressure fluid to the back side of the piston includes a second pressure fluid passage extending from the first pressure fluid passage along the interior of the sleeve and the exterior of the piston; The improvement comprising: A means for accumulating addij a- ssur fluid in a portion of the pis tadspersed towards the front end; and earrsr communicating the means for accumulating e L t,
U
II
said percussive drill apparatus further comprising a non-porting means on the piston in constant communication with the front end of the piston during operation for accumulating additional pressure fluid; and a means for selectively communicating said means for accumulating 0 O t 0 0 0 oo t o1 r S 4554j It a -2a- Dkt. No. 9962-IR-RD additional pressure fluid with the first pressure fluid passage.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG.
tion of a the prior
FIG.
tion of a the preser
FIG.
rock drill
FIG.
according
FIG.
according
FIG.
1 is a longitudinal section of the center porpneumatic down-the-hole rock drill according to art.
2 is a longitudinal section of the center porpneumatic down-the-hole rock drill according to it invention.
3 4 t 5 t 6 is a taken Sis a :o the is a o the Sis a cross sectional view of the prior art at section 3-3 shown on FIG. 1.
cross sectional view of the rock drill prior art taken at section 4-4.
cross sectional view of the rock drill present invention taken at section cross sectional view of the rock drill according to the present invention taken at section 6-6.
3 Dkt. No. 9962-IR-RD DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The drawings are numbered to correspond with similar parts in U.S. Patent No. 4,048,646 for easy identification and comparison. However, for purposes of understanding this invention it is necessary to know that, in a conventional down hole drill and similar reciprocating hammer devices driven by a pressurized gas, when the pressure fluid enters the area in front of the piston on its down stroke it restrains the piston. If this occurs i prior to piston impact as it. does in the referenced patent, it reduces the maximum obtainable impact.
i, .In the referenced valveless design some overlap or i early introduction of pressure fluid ii the frontal area is required for the cycles to operate effectively and the c, present invention is directed at reducing the restraining effect prior to impact. I have determined that one way this may be accomplished is to effectively increase the volume associated with the frontal area of the impact piston. Since this volume must be pressurized a greater flow of pressure f.uid is required to effect the same back S pressure. Since the flow of pressure fluid is to some degree restricted by limitation of design in down-the-hole drills this results in an effective time delay in reaching 4 t lt full pressure below the piston. The delay results in increased piston 'mpact while retaining the overlap required for the cycle to operate. The above is particularly effective where as in a deep hole, the exhaust back pressure is substantial and the frontal area pressure is therefore already relatively high.
ZF
4 Dkt. No. 9962-IR-RD
(C"
*I 4 o o o o 0* 4q ItI 4 .F Referring to FIG. 1 a rock drill longitudinal section is shown to illustrate the concerned parts of a down-the-hole pneumatic drill according to U.S. Patent No.
4,048,646.
Briefly, in this pneumatic drill the air passes through the drilled ports 63 in the cylinder sleeve into an annular passageway 52 between the outside diameter of the cylinder sleeve 50 and the inside of the casing 6.
From here the air moves forward into chamber 64 between the piston outside surface and the casing 6 inside diameter. This is an "air reservoir space" because there is always pressure fluid in this chamber and it is from here that the air passes either to the upper chamber 68 of the piston or the lower chamber 69 of the piston.
With the piston in its lower position (shown in FIG. 1 which it would attain before the air is turned on, the air passes into the lower chamber 69, exerting a force on the lower impact imparting surface 40 of the piston driving it upwards towards its one or inlet end. The air continues to feed into the lower chamber 69 or Vl and is trapped between the piston 30, the bit 8, the casing 6 and a spacer ring 13 until the lower sealing surface 37 of the casing, that is, until edge 86 contacts shoulder 87. When this occurs, air is shut off to the lower chamber 69. The piston continues to move upwards, however, by virtue of its velocity and expansion of the air in the lower chamber. As the piston rises, the lower sealing surface of the axial bore 42 of piston 30 pulls off the end of the exhaust tube 23. At this point, the air in the lower chamber 69 exhausts into the drill bit 8 and out into the exhaust bore 67.
While this is going on at the lower end of the piston, other events are occurring at the upper end. The 5 Dkt. No. 9962-IR-RD first is that the upper chamber 68 is sealed off as the sealing surface 43 of the piston axial bore engages the lower end of the enlarged head 66 of the exhaust rod 65 of the distributor. Shortly thereafter, pressure fluid is admitted, via axial porting slots 33, into the upper chamber I 68 as edge 88 of the piston slots 36 uncover the shoulder 8.9 of the undercut 80 inside the cylinder sleeve 50. The air entering the upper chamber 68 first stops the piston on its upwards travel (about an inch from hitting the distributor) and then reverses the piston travel, pushing it forward at increasing 'velocity. The pressure fluid 00 flow to the upper chamber 68 is shut off as edge 88 of the piston slots 36 -over the shoulder 89 of the undercut .0:0From this po~int on, the piston is driven by expanding ~oo~pressure fluid. When sealing surface 43 loses contact 0 with enlarged head 66 of the distributor exhaust rod, air in the upper chamber Ci8 is exhausted through the piston 0 30, into the exhaust tube 23 and out the bit 8 as the 000 piston continues to move towards its impact on other end, 0 edge 86 of the lower sealing surface 39 of the piston .~.loses contact with the shoulder 87 of internal surface 39 of the casing again at which point air re-enters, the lower chamber 69. Shortly thereafter, the piston 30 impacts against the bit 8. The piston rebounds somewhat. This, 0 plus the air re-entering the lower chamber, starts the next cycle.
As can be appreciated by one Okill1 d in the art once the edge of the lower sealing surface 39 loses contact with the shoulder 87 and air begins to enter the lower.
chamber, the piston 30 begins to loose velocity as a result of the force of such air action on the lower impact suirface 40 of the piston. This results in energy loss and it is therefor desirable to minimize the pressure -6-
L~--CI
Dkt. No. 9962-IR-RD developed in chamber 69.
The pressure build up in chamber 69 has been substantially reduced by the present invention. As shown in Figure 2 the piston 30 is provided with a substantial circumferential undercut 100 which forms a substantial volume V2 for the accumulation of pressure fluid. Shoulder 34 of the prior art device has been extended outward to form an upper circumferential sealing surface 101 of the same diameter s lower circumferential sealing surface 39.
The casing internal fluted lonitudinal passages 102 have been extended to perform the same function, at shoulc.p der 87' in cooperation with edge 86' of upper sealing cos surface 101, as edge 86 performed with shoulder 87 in the Sprior art and at the approximate same point in cycle timing.
e, Figures 3 and 6 compare the cross sections taken at sections 3-3 and 6-6 respectively in Figures 1 and 2.
Figures 4 and 5 compare the cross sections through the piston at sections 4-4 and 5-5 respectively in Figures 1 0 0a S and 2. These clearly show the reduced piston diameter in SFigure 5 which forms volume V2.
It can now be appreciated by one skilled in the art that, once the upper sealing surface 101 loses contact with shoulder 87', in order for pressure to build up the pressure fluid or air must fill both volume Vl and V2.
SWith a given available flow of air the total pressure build up is time delayed thereby subtantially reducing the retarding force on the piston and dramatically increasing the impact of the piston on the bit.
The results have been most impressive particularly in deep holes where the back pressure or exhaust already reduces piston impact and where the slightly increased air flow resulting for the increased front end volume is of 7 Dkt. No. 9962-IR-RD benefit air cleaning the hole.
Having described my invention numerous modifications will now occur to one skilled in the art and I do not wish to be limited in the scope of my invention except as claimed.
ftp ft
,I
o I S if Ita Ir -8-
Claims (4)
1. A percussive drill apparatus of the valveless type adapted for downhole drilling comprising: a casing; a backhead disposed at the backond of said casing adapted to connect the drill apparatus to a drill string and a source of pressure fluid; a distributor disposed within said casing towards said back end of said casing; a percussive member disposed at the front end of said casing to form a chamber having a back end disposed towards said distributor and a front end disposed towards said percussive member between said distributor and said percussive member within said casing; a cylinder sleeve disposed in said chamber toward said t back end of said chamber; *1 t O, a first pressure fluid passage formed between said 0 t 00OO casing and said cylinder sleeve to connect the pressure fluid 0 source to said chamber; 9 0 0 °°Z0 a piston disposed in said chamber to reciprocate axially therein and impart a blow on said percussive member; said piston being in sliding contact with said cylinder sleeve 000: adjacent said back end of said chamber and in sliding contact a 0 t with said casing adjacent said front end of said chamber; a means for continuously applying pres~sre fluid 4, selected portion of said ba' end of said piston to thw 4 *Ott provide a continued driving force on said piston towards sa.. front end of the chamber; a means for alternately supplying a1d e xhaust pressure fluid to a selected portion of one side of said piston disposed towards said back end of said chamber and to a selrwcted portion of the other side of said piston disposed towards said front end of said chamber to thereby reciprocate said piston; said means for alternately uyplying and tth w t, v pressure fluid to said back slide of said piston inlt-iess second pressure fluid passage extendlng from pressure fluid passage aLong the interirr of said 39 the exterior ot Said piston;* -9- -L i w- yV aaZULU I uil source to said chamber; a piston disposed in said chamber to reciprocate axially therein and impart a blow on ;a7id percussive member; said /2 said percussive drill apparatus further comprising: a nonporting means on the piston in constant communication with said front end of said piston during operation for accumulating additional pressure fluid; and a means for selectively communicating said means for accumulating additional pressure fluid with said first pressure fluid passage.
2. A percussive drill apparatus according to claim 1 i wherein: said non porting means for accumulating substantial s( additional pressure fluid comprises a circumferential undercut in the portion of said piston in sliding contact with said casing. i
3. A percussive drill apparatus according to claim 1 wherein: Ssaid means for communicating said non porting means for accumulating additional pressure fluid comprises a longitudinal passage along the internal wall of said casing.
4. A percussive drill apparatus according to claim 1 substantially as herein described with reference to Figures 2 to 6 of the accompanying drawings. DATED: 23 April 1990 PHILLIPS ORMONDE FITZPATRICK Attorneys for: INGERSOLL-RAND COMPANY q 39 4552j L -10- i
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA000538146A CA1328102C (en) | 1987-05-27 | 1987-05-27 | Down hole drill improvement |
US7518587A | 1987-07-13 | 1987-07-13 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
AU7339187A AU7339187A (en) | 1988-12-01 |
AU607419B2 true AU607419B2 (en) | 1991-03-07 |
Family
ID=25671358
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
AU73391/87A Ceased AU607419B2 (en) | 1987-05-27 | 1987-05-26 | Down hole drill improvement |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU607419B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1328102C (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111618320A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-09-04 | 吴俊强 | Anti-collision knife mechanism for machining of mechanical numerical control machine tool and application of anti-collision knife mechanism |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AUPM720294A0 (en) * | 1994-08-01 | 1994-08-25 | Sds Pacific Pte Ltd | Inner sleeve for a fluid operated piston type hammer |
CN116876980B (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2024-05-24 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Pulse composite impact drilling tool |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU532817B2 (en) * | 1979-06-11 | 1983-10-13 | Dresser Industries Inc. | Down the hole fluid operated drill |
AU543370B2 (en) * | 1980-09-11 | 1985-04-18 | Ian Graeme Rear | Fluid operated hammer |
-
1987
- 1987-05-26 AU AU73391/87A patent/AU607419B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-05-27 CA CA000538146A patent/CA1328102C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU532817B2 (en) * | 1979-06-11 | 1983-10-13 | Dresser Industries Inc. | Down the hole fluid operated drill |
AU543370B2 (en) * | 1980-09-11 | 1985-04-18 | Ian Graeme Rear | Fluid operated hammer |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111618320A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-09-04 | 吴俊强 | Anti-collision knife mechanism for machining of mechanical numerical control machine tool and application of anti-collision knife mechanism |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA1328102C (en) | 1994-03-29 |
AU7339187A (en) | 1988-12-01 |
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