SU1017186A1 - Device for spreading organic fertilizers from piles - Google Patents

Abstract

A SPREADER OF ORGANIC FERTILIZERS FROM THE BOTTOM, including a blender, a hitch system and a triggering mechanism, containing a number of spreading vane wheels mounted on shafts, a drive mechanism and a divider, about m and l. In order to improve the uniformity of the spreading of fertilizers by improving their grinding, on the shaft of each scattering blade blade in front of the latter is mounted a nagzhevo rotor grinder, the knives of which are curved. And mixed with respect to the blades of the asy-wheel and the blades of the shredder with convexity are turned in the direction of its rotation.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to mechanical spreaders of organic fertilizers from heaps on the surface of the floor. A heap fertilizer spreader containing a slat conveyor, plowshare, throwing rotors mounted on the frame is known, and the spreader itself rests on two rollers in the working position. 3 The disadvantage of this device is the design complexity, incomplete grinding of fertilizers, and the high power consumption of the rotors. Closest to the present invention is a heap organic fertilizer spreader comprising a rake, a hitch system and a spreading mechanism containing a number of mounted on shafts azbrasyvayuschih impellers, drive mechanism and a divider 2 J. However known arrangement also is complicated and grinding fertilizers occurs only in a zone situated above the front inner diameters of the impellers. The purpose of the invention is to improve the uniformity and spread of fertilizers by improving their grinding. The goal is achieved by the fact that in the organic spreader of manure fertilizers, on the shaft of each razrazryvayuschey impeller wheels, a rotary knife shredder is mounted ahead of the latter, the knives of which are curved and offset relative to the blades of the spreading wheel, and the knives of the shredder with a convex face facing the rotation of the blades of the scattering wheel, and the knives of the shredder with a convex face facing the rotation of the blades of the scattering wheel, and the knives of the shredder with a convex face facing the rotation of the spreading wheel blades, and the knives of the shredder with a convex face facing the rotation of the spreading wheel blades, and turning the blades of the spreading wheel with a convex shape facing the rotation of the spreading wheel blades. 1 schematically shows a heap organic fertilizer spreader, side view; in fig. 2 - the same, top view; in fig. 3 - spreading mechanism, side view; FIG. 4 is a section A-A in FIG. 3; in fig. 5 is a view B in FIG. 3; in fig. 6 - spreading mechanism with the second version Ka milchitel, side view; in fig. 7 second version of the spreading mechanism with successively fixed impellers and grinders on the shafts; on j) ig. 8 - the same, front view; in fig. 9 kind of G in Fig.7. The spreader includes a rake 1, resting on rollers 2 and consisting of two sidewalls 3 and f, at an angle to the metering window 5, adjustable by valves 6 and 7 and valves 8 and 9. The rake 1 is mounted on tractor 10 by means of a hinge system made in two rods 11 and 12, beams 13, two tons of 1 and 15. The rakes are raised to the transport position by a hydraulic cylinder 16. The spreading mechanism 17, visited to the tractor 10 by means of a hinged system 18, includes a frame 20 supported on rollers 19 lenses at an angle to the horizon equal to 5-15 rotors 21 and 22 with blades 23 and 2, rotated by a drive mechanism made in the form of a cardan shaft 25, gearbox 2b and two chain gears 27 and 28. Dumps 29 are mounted on the frame.20 and 30, between which a divider 31 is installed. In front of the blades 23 and 2h, rotary cutters Z and 35 are fixed on common shafts 32 and 33, the blades of which Zb and 37 are arranged in one row and are curved and offset from the blades by an angle ot can be determined by the formula - the number of blades on the rotor; The number of knives in the shredder, shredder with convexity is turned in the direction of its rotation, which ensures the cutting of fertilizer with slip and reduces the energy intensity of shredders 3 and 35. The distance between the blades 23 and 2 and the blades of Zb and 37 is regulated by interchangeable sleeves 38. To prevent the release of organic fertilizers the Zb and 37 knives on both sides of the shredders 3 and 35 on the top and On the outer sides are covered with GE and 40 covers, which are fixed on the frame 20 and dumps 29 and 30 with central guides and +2. For even more intensive grinding of solid, packed blocks of organic fertilizers, the chopper is made according to the second variant (Fig. 6). In this case, the knives kj are installed in two rows and are displaced by a certain angle relative to the rotor blades k, which ensures the sequential entry of knives H and then the blades of the A5 rotor into organic fertilizer and their output, which reduces the energy intensity of the spreading mechanism. The distance between the blades of the rotors and from the grinders 3 and tt depends on the speed of movement of the fertilizer spreader and is controlled by interchangeable sleeves 6 and 7. The second version of the scattering mechanism (Fig. 7, 8 and 9) includes a CE mounted on rollers. fixed at an angle to the horizon, equal to the Yu-Zb, the rotors 50 and ijl. Each rotor 50 and b1 is made in the form of successively fixed two 52 and 53, 5 and 55 paddle wheels with blades 57 and 58, 59 and 60 on shafts 61 and 62. Ahead of each paddle wheel 52 and 53, 5 and 55 are fixed on shafts 60 and 61, grinders 63 and 6, 65 and 66, knives of which 67 and 68, 69 and 70 are displaced relative to the blades by an angle p,. The angle (LcL). The spread between blades 57, 58 and 5E, 60 paddle wheels 52, 53 and b, 55 and shredders 63, 64 and 65.66 is regulated by bushings 71 and 72 depending on the operating speed spreader. Holes 73 and 7 with central guides 75 and 76 are installed on the bottom of the frame / 49. A divider 77 is installed in the middle between the dumps 73 and -. The grinders 63 and 64, 65 and 66 are on top of the Black side. closed by covers 78 and 79, 80 and 81, which are fixed on frame 49, on dumps 73 and 74 and on equal 82 and 83. Meedu front 52 and 54 and subsequent 53 and 55 blade cols themselves and between the shredders 63 and B5, 64, and 66 are dispensing windows 84 and 85, adjustable in height by the flaps 86. The rotors, and 51 with shredders 63 and 64, 65 and 66 are driven by the rotation of the drive mechanism, made in the form of a gimbal shaft 87, gearbox 88, and two valuables will transfer 89 and 90. The first option is organic heap spreaders (Fig. 1 works as follows. When the machine is moving, the swath former 1 captures previously packed heaps of organic fertilizers and stretches them into a continuous roll that runs between the caterpillar. tractor 10. At the rear of the tractor, the divider 31 divides the swath of fertilizer into two swaths and, together with the dumps 29 and 30, guides them to the shredders and 35, which with a sharp knife 36 and 37 cut the slider with fertilizer across the entire height and width, the cities and lumps of packed organic fertilizers are crushed and crushed and equal portions of fertilizer blades of 23 and 2 rotors 21 and 22 are cut from the rolls. With more intensive grinding,. The scientific research institute for blocks and lumps of man-made fertilizers (Fig. 6) sharp strips 3 cut with a slip from the swath across its entire height equal portions of organic fertilizers, which are additionally dissected also with a slip in half with knives kk, Blades 23 and 2 rotors 21 and 22 or 5 grab crushed equal portions of fertilizer and toss them in both directions along the central guides k and 47 and evenly distribute small particles on the surface of the field. In the process of grinding the organic fertilizers of the casing 39 and tO npei, the release of fertilizers with the shredders 3 and 35 in both directions. The second version of the scattering mechanism (Fig. 7.8 and 9) works as follows. At high rates of organic fertilizer, the metering ports 84 and 85 are fully opened with shutters 86. At the rear of tractor 10, a divider 77 divides the organic fertilizer roller into two rolls and, together with the dumps 73 and 74, directs them to the rotors 50 and 51. The upper half of the rollers with knives b7 and 69 of shredders 63 and b5 grind clumps and lumps of stacked organic fertilizers across in height and the width of the rolls and cut off from their upper halves equal portions of fertilizer blades m 57 and 59 of wheels 52 and 54, which grab crushed 1 equal portions of fertilizer and toss in both directions along central guides 75 and 76 and evenly distribute organic skie fertilizer fine particles on the floor surface,

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improving the uniformity of their scatter. The lower halves of the rolls are carried out in metering windows dl and 85 knives 68 and 70 and thrusters 6 and 6 (lumps and clumps of compressed organic fertilizers are also crushed across the height and width of the valleys and equal portions of the fertilizers cut off from the lower halves and grab the gypasti B8 and 60 wheels 53 and 55 and toss them in. Both sides along guide rails 82 and 8h and evenly distribute organic fertilizers with fine particles on the surface of the field. / In the process of grinding the upper and lower halves of the rolls of organic fertilizers with choppers b -66 housing 78-81 to prevent the release of fertilizer knives 67-70 in both directions, for small and medium application rates of organic fertilizers flap 85 is lowered and set their height so.

66

so that they divided the height of the fertilizer rolls into two equal parts. At the same time, the upper half of the rolls are moved upwardly through the dampers 86, the shredders 63 and 65 with sharp knives MI 67 and B9 are crushed across the rolls of a lump and lumps of packed organic fertilizers and cut off with a slide a portion of the fertilizer blades m 57 and 59

wheels 52 and 5, which grab crushed equal portions of fertilizer from scientific research institutes and toss them in both directions along central guides 75 and 76, and crushed fertilizers with fine particles are evenly distributed over the surface of the field. The lower halves of the rolls are crushed and scattered in the same way as for large maximum normal fertilizer applications.

The use of the invention allows to simplify the design and OVA-.

to spread the uniformity of fertilizer spreads.

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Claims (1)

SPRAYER OF ORGANIC FERTILIZERS FROM KUCH, including swather, hitch system and spreading mechanism, comprising a number of spreading, impeller wheels mounted on shafts, a drive mechanism and a divider, characterized in that, in order to increase the uniformity of spreading of fertilizers by improving their grinding, on the shaft each spreading impeller wheel in front of the last mounted but? eights Wheels, wherein the chopper blades convexity turned toward its rotation. 10G / 186