CN219780972U - Exogenous straw returning machine for plow body front-mounted greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an exogenous straw returning machine for a plow body front-mounted greenhouse, which comprises a plow body, a plow body frame, a straw transfer conduit, a straw crushing device frame and travelling wheels arranged below the straw crushing device frame, wherein the plow body frame is provided with a plurality of guide rails; wherein, the straw crushing device comprises a transmission system, a feeding component, a conveying device, a traction mechanism and a cutting device; one end of the straw transfer conduit is arranged on the shredding device, and the other end of the straw transfer conduit is connected with the plow body; the rear of the plow body is connected with a plow body frame which is arranged at the front end of the tractor. The utility model has compact structure, has strong adaptability to straw compared with the traditional returning machine, is applicable to cutting section-shaped straw, whole straw, kneading silk and packing straw, and can achieve even feeding when the straw is conveyed by the input device; the feeding quantity can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the transmission system, and the feeding labor condition and intensity are good.

Description

Exogenous straw returning machine for plow body front-mounted greenhouse

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of straw returning devices, and particularly relates to an exogenous straw returning machine for a plow body front-mounted greenhouse.

Background

In recent years, with the development of facility agriculture, the popularization and application area of the greenhouse is increased year by year, and the newly-built greenhouse is barren in soil; on the other hand, continuous rotary tillage for many years makes the soil cultivation layer of the greenhouse shallow, the soil property worsens, the geology worsens, and the crop yield decreases, so the soil environment of the greenhouse needs to be improved. The application of a large amount of decomposable and nondegradable organic matters is the most economical and effective method, and can overcome the soil barrier in the greenhouse and improve the ecological condition of the soil. Straw returning is a widely-appreciated yield-increasing measure of fertilizer-cultivating soil in the world, which not only improves the straw utilization rate in China and reduces pollution caused by straw burning, but also is beneficial to improving the greenhouse soil environment.

At present, a straw returning machine for a greenhouse is lacking in the market, and the straw returning machine for a field cannot enter the greenhouse for operation due to limited space in the greenhouse; the inventor has developed a kind of crushed straw injection plow body and deep injection ridger of straw for canopy in advance of patent application number CN202111344987.5, make the inside and outside source straw of big-arch shelter field returning become possible, prove to be good to the segmentation straw effect through the application, but receive moisture content, shape influence great to rubbing the silk package straw, there is the jam condition when exogenous straw quality is poor. In addition, the space of the greenhouse is limited, and the area which cannot be cultivated due to the occupation of the machine is also very important to reduce as much as possible. Therefore, a greenhouse is urgently needed for a greenhouse exogenous straw returning machine capable of solving the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems, the utility model provides an exogenous straw returning machine for a plow body front-mounted greenhouse.

The aim of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:

an exogenous straw returning machine for a plow body front-mounted shed comprises a plow body, a plow body frame, a straw transfer conduit, a straw smashing device frame and a travelling wheel arranged below the straw smashing device frame; the straw crushing device comprises a transmission system, a feeding part, a conveying device, a traction mechanism and a cutting device, wherein the traction mechanism is arranged at the rear end of the tractor and the front end of a frame of the straw crushing device; the cutting device is fixedly arranged on the straw crushing device frame; the conveying device is connected with the shredding device through a feeding part; the transmission system is connected with the conveying device and controls the rotation speed of the conveying device; one end of the straw transfer conduit is arranged on the shredding device, and the other end of the straw transfer conduit is connected with the plow body; the rear part of the plow body is connected with a plow body frame which is arranged at the front end of the tractor; when the straw is put into the conveying device, the conveying device compresses the straw through the feeding component and then conveys the compressed straw to the shredding device, and the shredding device crushes the straw and conveys the crushed straw into the plow body through the straw transfer guide pipe, so that the returning treatment is carried out under the work of the plow body.

Furthermore, the plow body is formed by connecting a salix leaf plow column with a plow share, the cross section of the salix leaf plow column is formed by two symmetrical arc sections and a streamline transition arc, and the working front ends of the two arc sections are connected by the streamline transition arc to form a salix leaf shape; the ploughshare is composed of triangular arc-shaped steel plates, and the salix leaf-shaped plough post is arranged above the rear part of the ploughshare.

Furthermore, the whole salix leaf plow standard is of a cylindrical structure, and the wall thickness is 5-10mm.

Further, the conveying device is arranged on the straw smashing device frame through a support and comprises a transmission chain plate and two groups of chain wheels, the transmission chain plate is coated on the two groups of chain wheels, each group of chain wheels are sleeved on a rotating shaft, and the two rotating shafts are respectively connected with a main shaft in a transmission mode.

Further, the shredding device is provided with a cutterhead main shaft, one end of the cutterhead main shaft is connected with a power transmission shaft of the tractor through a belt pulley, and the other end of the cutterhead main shaft is in transmission connection with a transmission system through a straight-tooth cylindrical gear; the middle part of the cutterhead main shaft is fixed with a movable cutter frame, and a plurality of movable blades are fixed on the movable cutter frame.

Further, the transmission system comprises a gear box, wherein three pairs of replaceable gears are arranged in the gear box to form a sliding speed change gear mechanism, and a clutch is arranged in the middle of the gears; the gear box is in transmission connection with a gear box input shaft of the gear box through the cutter head main shaft, is connected with the conveying device through a gear box output shaft, is matched with different meshing gears in the gearbox, changes the rotation speed of the conveying device, and realizes cutting of material sections with different lengths.

Further, the straw transfer conduit is a hollow hose and is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shredding device through a conduit bracket, one end of the straw transfer conduit is connected with a discharge hole at the top of a box cover above the shredding device, and the other end of the straw transfer conduit is connected with a ploughshare through a willow leaf-shaped plough column.

Further, the plow body frame comprises plow arms, plow hoops, tractor mounting frames, vertical hydraulic cylinders, horizontal hydraulic cylinders and plow pushing plates which are connected, the plow hoops are fixed on the salix leaf-shaped plow posts, a pair of cylindrical pins are arranged on two sides of the plow hoops, one ends of the plow arms are arranged on the cylindrical pins, the other ends of the plow arms are arranged on the tractor mounting frames, the lower sides of the vertical hydraulic cylinders are arranged on the tractor mounting frames, the upper sides of the plow arms are arranged in the middle of the plow arms, one ends of the horizontal hydraulic cylinders are fixed on the tractor mounting frames, and the other ends of the horizontal hydraulic cylinders are fixedly connected with the plow pushing plates.

Further, the plow shoe is similar in shape to the lance post, and the plow shoe inner wall is the same size as the lance post outer wall.

Furthermore, the plow blade is of an arc structure and is matched with the salix leaf plow standard, and the inner wall of the plow blade is the same as the outer wall of the salix leaf plow standard in size.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

the utility model has compact structure, has strong adaptability to straw compared with the traditional returning machine, is applicable to cutting section-shaped straw, whole straw, kneading silk and packing straw, and can achieve even feeding when the straw is conveyed by the input device; the feeding quantity can be flexibly regulated by regulating the transmission system, the feeding labor condition and intensity are better, and the problems of poor adaptability to different straws and small one-time stock quantity during feeding in the prior art are solved. Meanwhile, the front plow body is adopted, so that the problem that the traditional straw returning machine cannot cultivate the two ends of the greenhouse in place is solved, and three balances are realized: namely, four-wheel drive realizes power balance; the front and rear parts of the tractor are respectively provided with the plow body and the straw crushing device, so that the weight balance of the front and rear parts of the tractor is realized, and a counterweight is not needed; the straw transfer conduit is connected with the plough body and the straw crushing device at the front and the back of the tractor, so that the space balance is realized, and the land operation area is increased.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an exogenous straw returning machine for a plow body front-mounted shed, which is provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an exogenous straw returning machine for a plow body front-mounted shed according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a conveying device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a gearbox according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a plow body front-mounted type exogenous straw returning machine for a greenhouse connected with a tractor according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a tractor mounting frame according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

In the figure: 1. the machine comprises a plow body 2, a straw transfer duct 3, a transmission system 4, a feeding element 5, a conveying device 6, a traction mechanism 7, a cutting device 8, a plow body frame 9, a plow column 10, a drive link plate 11, a sprocket 12, a support 14, a cutterhead main shaft 15, a gear box 16, a plow share 17, a plow arm 18, a plow cuff 19, a tractor mounting bracket 191, a mounting bracket side plate 192, a left and right groove 193, a cross beam frame 20, a vertical hydraulic cylinder 21, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22, a plow push plate 23, a straw breaker frame 24, a walking wheel 25, a gear box input shaft 26, a gear box output shaft 27, a clutch 28, a pulley 29.

Detailed Description

The utility model is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.

As shown in fig. 1-2, an embodiment of the present utility model provides an exogenous straw returning machine for a front-mounted plow shed, which comprises a plow body 1, a plow body frame 8, a straw transfer duct 2, a straw crushing device frame 23 and a travelling wheel 24 arranged below the straw crushing device frame 23; wherein, the straw crushing device comprises a transmission system 3, a feeding component 4, a conveying device 5, a traction mechanism 6 and a shredding device 7; the traction mechanism 6 is arranged at the rear end of the tractor and at the front end of the frame 23 of the straw crushing device; the shredding device 7 is fixedly arranged on the straw crushing device frame 23; the conveying device 5 is connected with the shredding device 7 by the feeding part 4; the transmission system 3 is connected with the conveying device 5 and controls the rotation speed of the conveying device 5; one end of the straw transfer conduit 2 is arranged on the chopping device 7, and the other end is connected with the plow body 1; the rear of the plow body 1 is connected with a plow body frame 8, and the plow body frame 8 is arranged at the front end of the tractor; when the straw is put into the conveying device 5, the conveying device 5 conveys the straw to the feeding component 4, the feeding component 4 compresses the straw and conveys the straw to the shredding device 7, the shredding device 7 shreds the straw and conveys the straw into the plow body 1 through the straw transfer conduit 2, and the returning treatment is carried out under the work of the plow body 1. The structure of the embodiment is compact, can adapt to the operation in a narrow space in a greenhouse, and has strong adaptability to straw compared with the traditional returning machine.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, the conveying device 5 includes a driving chain plate 10 and two groups of chain wheels 11, the driving chain plate 10 is wrapped on the two groups of chain wheels 11, each group of chain wheels 11 is sleeved on a rotating shaft 12, and the two rotating shafts 12 are respectively connected by a main shaft of the conveying device 5 in a driving way and provide power; the conveying device 5 is arranged on the straw smashing device frame 23 through a bracket 13, for example, one end of the bracket 13 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 12.

Further, as shown in fig. 5, the shredding device 7 is provided with a cutter head spindle 14, and rotates in two deep groove ball bearings, one end of the cutter head spindle 14 is fixed with a belt pulley 28, a power input shaft 29 is connected with the belt pulley 28 through a belt, and a power transmission shaft of a tractor is connected with the power input shaft 29, so that power is transmitted to the cutter head spindle 14; the other end is in transmission connection with the transmission system 3 through a straight-tooth cylindrical gear; a movable cutter frame is fixed in the middle of the cutter head spindle 14, and three movable blades are fixed on the movable cutter frame.

Further, as shown in fig. 4, the transmission system 3 includes a gear box 15, three pairs of replaceable gears are arranged in the gear box 15 to form a sliding gear speed change mechanism, and a clutch 27 is arranged in the middle of the gears; the gear box 15 is driven to a gear box input shaft 25 through a straight-tooth cylindrical gear fixed on the cutterhead main shaft 14, and the gear box input shaft 25 drives a replaceable gear through a pair of bevel gears; the gear box 15 is connected with a main shaft of the conveying device 5 through a gear box output shaft 26 and is matched with different meshing gears in a gearbox, so that the rotating speed of the conveying device 5 can be changed, and material sections with different cutting lengths can be cut.

It should be noted that, the cutting power of this embodiment is provided by the tractor, through controlling the rotational speed of conveyor 5, applicable cut off section form straw, whole straw, rub silk packing straw, conveying link joint conveying straw can reach even feed, and the flexible regulation feeding amount of adjustment clutch, feeding labor condition and intensity are better.

Furthermore, the plow body 1 is formed by connecting a salix leaf-shaped plow column 9 and a plow share 16, the salix leaf-shaped plow column 9 is designed based on a bionic principle, the structural cross section is formed by two symmetrical arc sections and a streamline transition arc, the working front ends of the two arc sections are connected by the streamline transition arc to form a salix leaf shape, the whole plow body is a cylindrical structure, the wall thickness is 5-10mm, and the plow body has good resistance reducing performance and soil returning function through experiments; the ploughshare 16 is formed by a triangular arc-shaped steel plate, and the salix leaf-shaped plough post 9 is connected and arranged above the rear part of the ploughshare 16.

Further, the straw transfer conduit 2 is a hollow hose, one end of the straw transfer conduit 2 is connected with a discharge hole at the top of the box cover above the shredding device 7, and the other end is connected with a willow leaf-shaped plow column 9 of the plow share 16.

Further, the plow frame 8 is formed by connecting a plow arm 17, a plow cuff 18, a tractor mounting frame 19, a vertical hydraulic cylinder 20, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 21 and a plow pushing plate 22, two pairs of jackscrews are arranged in the middle of the plow cuff 18 and fixed on the willow leaf-shaped plow column 9, a pair of cylindrical pins are arranged on two sides of the plow cuff 18, one end of the plow arm 17 is hinged to the cylindrical pins, the other end is matched with a left groove 192 and a right groove 192 of the tractor mounting frame through rollers, the lower end of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 20 is mounted on a beam frame 193 of the tractor mounting frame 19, the upper end is mounted in the middle of the plow arm 17, one end of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 21 is fixed at the lower end of the tractor mounting frame 19, and the other end is connected with the plow pushing plate 22. The tractor mounting frame 19 comprises mounting frame side plates 191, left and right grooves 192 and a beam frame 193, wherein the left and right grooves 192 are symmetrically arranged at two side ends between the two mounting frame side plates 191 and the beam frame 193, the two mounting frame side plates 191 are connected with a tractor chassis to achieve configuration balance, the beam frame 193 is provided with connecting lugs connected with a vertical hydraulic cylinder 20, and the left and right grooves 192 are used for accommodating rollers at the end of the plow arm 17; when the tractor works, under the action of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 21 and the vertical hydraulic cylinder 20, the plow arm 17 is driven by the tractor mounting frame 19 to float up and down relative to the willow leaf-shaped plow standard 9, so that good contact between the plow standard 9 and the plow pushing plate 22 is maintained, the posture of the plow standard 9 can be flexibly regulated, the plow standard is always stable, and the self-adaptation capability is strong.

Further, the plow shoe 18 is shaped like the lance 9, and the inner wall of the plow shoe 18 is substantially the same size as the outer wall of the lance 9.

Further, the plow blade 22 is of an arc structure and is matched with the salix leaf plow standard 9, and the dimension of the inner wall of the plow blade 22 is the same as that of the outer wall of the salix leaf plow standard 9.

The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: the vertical hydraulic cylinder 20 is controlled by a tractor to shrink, the plough body descends into soil, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder stretches out to push the plough pushing plate 22 to block the salix leaf-shaped plough column 9, the plough body is prevented from tilting backwards in the working process, the conveying speed of the conveying device 5 is changed by adjusting the clutch 27, the straw reaches a proper length, the straw is manually placed on the transmission chain plate 10 of the conveying device 5, the conveying device 5 compresses the straw through the feeding part 4 and then conveys the straw into the shredding device 7, the straw is discharged through the discharging hole after shredding, the crushed straw is conveyed upwards into the salix leaf-shaped plough column 9 through the straw conveying guide pipe 2, the soil is ditched by the plough share 16 in the walking process of the tractor, the crushed straw falls into the ditched ditch through the salix leaf-shaped plough column 9, and the ditched soil can be automatically backfilled into the ditch to cover the crushed straw into the soil due to the salix leaf-shaped plough column structure of the plough body 1, and straw returning work is completed.

In the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and defined otherwise, for example, it may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. Unless otherwise specifically defined, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the specific meaning of the terms described above in this utility model will be understood by those skilled in the art as the case may be.

While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present utility model, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The exogenous straw returning machine for the plow body front-mounted greenhouse is characterized by comprising a plow body, a plow body frame, a straw transfer guide pipe, a straw crushing device frame and travelling wheels arranged below the straw crushing device frame; the straw crushing device comprises a transmission system, a feeding part, a conveying device, a traction mechanism and a cutting device, wherein the traction mechanism is arranged at the rear end of the tractor and the front end of a frame of the straw crushing device; the cutting device is fixedly arranged on the straw crushing device frame; the conveying device is connected with the shredding device through a feeding part; the transmission system is connected with the conveying device and controls the rotation speed of the conveying device; one end of the straw transfer conduit is arranged on the shredding device, and the other end of the straw transfer conduit is connected with the plow body; the rear part of the plow body is connected with a plow body frame which is arranged at the front end of the tractor; when the straw is put into the conveying device, the conveying device compresses the straw through the feeding component and then conveys the compressed straw to the shredding device, and the shredding device crushes the straw and conveys the crushed straw into the plow body through the straw transfer guide pipe, so that the returning treatment is carried out under the work of the plow body.

2. The straw returning machine according to claim 1, wherein the plow body is formed by connecting a salix leaf-shaped plow column and a plow share, the cross section of the salix leaf-shaped plow column is formed by two symmetrical arc sections and a streamline transition arc, and the working front ends of the two arc sections are connected by the streamline transition arc to form a salix leaf shape; the ploughshare is composed of triangular arc-shaped steel plates, and the salix leaf-shaped plough post is arranged above the rear part of the ploughshare.

3. The straw returning machine according to claim 2, wherein the whole willow leaf-shaped plow standard is of a cylindrical structure, and the wall thickness is 5-10mm.

4. The straw returning machine according to claim 1, wherein the conveying device is arranged on the straw crushing device frame through a bracket and comprises a transmission chain plate and two groups of chain wheels, the transmission chain plate is coated on the two groups of chain wheels, each group of chain wheels is sleeved on a rotating shaft, and the two rotating shafts are respectively connected with the main shaft in a transmission way.

5. The straw returning machine according to claim 1, wherein the shredding device is provided with a cutter head main shaft, one end of the cutter head main shaft is connected with a power transmission shaft of a tractor through a belt pulley, and the other end of the cutter head main shaft is in transmission connection with a transmission system through a straight-tooth cylindrical gear; the middle part of the cutterhead main shaft is fixed with a movable cutter frame, and a plurality of movable blades are fixed on the movable cutter frame.

6. The straw returning machine according to claim 5, wherein the transmission system comprises a gear box, three pairs of replaceable gears are arranged in the gear box to form a sliding speed change gear mechanism, and a clutch is arranged in the middle of the gears; the gear box is in transmission connection with a gear box input shaft of the gear box through the cutter head main shaft, is connected with the conveying device through a gear box output shaft, is matched with different meshing gears in the gearbox, changes the rotation speed of the conveying device, and realizes cutting of material sections with different lengths.

7. The straw returning machine according to claim 2, wherein the straw transfer conduit is a hollow hose, one end of the straw transfer conduit is connected with a discharge hole at the top of a box cover above the shredding device, and the other end is connected with a willow leaf-shaped plow standard of the plow body.

8. The straw returning machine according to claim 7, wherein the plow frame comprises a plow arm, a plow collar, a tractor mounting frame, a vertical hydraulic cylinder, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder and a plow blade, the plow collar is fixed on the salix leaf-shaped plow column, two sides of the plow collar are provided with a pair of cylindrical pins, one end of the plow arm is hinged on the cylindrical pins, the other end of the plow arm is matched with left and right grooves of the tractor mounting frame through rollers, the lower end of the vertical hydraulic cylinder is mounted on a cross beam of the tractor mounting frame, the upper end of the vertical hydraulic cylinder is mounted in the middle of the plow arm, one end of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed at the lower end of the tractor mounting frame, and the other end of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is connected with the plow blade.

9. The straw return machine according to claim 8 wherein said plow shoe is similar in shape to said lance and said plow shoe inner wall is the same size as said lance outer wall.

10. The straw returning machine according to claim 8, wherein the plow blade has an arc-shaped structure and is matched with the salix leaf plow standard, and the inner wall of the plow blade has the same size as the outer wall of the salix leaf plow standard.