SU1005689A1 - Method of growing fodder plants in solonetz soils - Google Patents

Abstract

1. METHOD OF CULTIVATION OF FODDER CROPS ON SALTIC SOILS; including simultaneous through-sowing of seeds of grain crops and characterized in that, in order to increase the productivity of forage crops, in the process of sowing the upper soil layer is rolled into rolls to form between them through a series of trapezoidal and wedge-shaped depressions, the depth ratio of which is 2: 1, and in the trapezoidal depressions, grass seeds are sown, and wedge-shaped depressions - sowing of the seeds of grain crops, while the seeds of the grass and grain crops are embedded in. the soil, respectively, to a depth of 2-4 cm and .6-10 cm. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between ueHTpaNOi of the trapezoidal and wedge-shaped depressions is 20-30 cm, while the trapezoidal depressions have a depth of 10 -14 cm and bottom width 6-10 cm. About tl and h and y-§ 3. Method according to claim 1, y and with the fact that when sowing seeds of grass, the bottom of trapezoidal depressions is additionally sprinkled with dry, small waxy soil with a thickness of 0 , 5-1 cm. O) 00 co

Description

This invention relates to agriculture. The known method of sowing includes, when cutting a furrow in the zone, moving the upper soil layer, forming a base surface relative to which the depth of the furrow is set, sowing seeds on the bottom of the furrow, sealing them by breaking the furrow walls followed by lateral compaction and filling the soil with SP soil. . However, this method is unacceptable for the simultaneous sowing of grain crops and herbs on sodic soils of dry steppe, since by the beginning of the node the top sodic layer dries more than 5 cm to form a crust and when such a soil layer is moved to create a base surface for cutting furrows, a distance between centers of furrows 40–60 cm. A method of simultaneous sowing of grain crops and grasses is also known, including a series of transient seed crops of grains in a layer of 0–8 cm and grass seeds in a layer of 0–5 cm. 2 However, with this method On va alkaline soils dry grass seeds extent not shoot out without additional moistening (precipitation). The aim of the invention is to increase the productivity of forage crops. The goal is achieved by sowing the upper soil layer into rolls during sowing, forming between them through a series of trapezoid visible and wedge-shaped depressions, the depth of which is 2: 1, Trapezoid grooves sowed grass seeds, and wedge grooves sow seeds of crops, while grass and grain seeds are embedded into the soil, respectively, to a depth of 2-4 cm and 6-10 cm. The distance between the centers of the trapezium the prominent and wedge-shaped depressions are 20-30 cm, with the trapezoid depressions having a depth of 10-14 cm and a bottom width of 6-10 cm. When sowing seeds of grass, the bottom of trapezoidal depressions is additionally sprinkled with dry, small-waxy soil 0.5-1 cm thick. The drawing shows the soil profile according to the proposed method of sowing to the depth of seeding of seeds. The drawing shows a roller 1 of dry soil, a trapezoid depression 2, a wedge-shaped depression 3, the bottom 4 of a trapezoid depression. The depth of seeding of grass seed is 2-4 cm. The depth of seeding of cereal crops is 6-10 cm. In trapezoid grooves, seedlings of the clover are sown, and in wedge-shaped, barley sprouts. The spacing of the seedlings of barley and clover plants is 20-30 cm. The ratio of the depth of the trapezoid 2 and the wedge-shaped 3 soil indentations is 2: 1, respectively. The size of the trapezoidal depressions 2 in a depth of 10-14 cm, and the width of the Bottom 4 is 6-10 cm. When sowing, the upper dry layer of the soil is shifted into rolls 1 with the simultaneous formation of trapezoid-shaped soil 2 and wedge-shaped 3 cavities. Grass seeds are sown in a moist soil layer of 8–12 cm in trapezoid cavities to a depth of 2–4 cm, and grain seeds are sown in the same soil layer in the middle of the soil rollers in wedge-shaped cavities to a depth of 6–10 cm. soil compacted. Before compaction. Soils, the raw bottom of trapezoidal depressions 4 powders is dry and small for some 0.5-1 cm thick. During the growing season the lateral sides of the trapezoidal depressions fall off and gradually narrow the width of the bottom to full powder and by the end of the growing season the thickness of the continuous deposited layer the soil reaches 2 cm. At the same time, the established size of the bottom width of the trapezoidal recess, 6-10 cm, makes it possible for the grass to grow well at the beginning of the growing season, and by the end of the growing season, cover up to 2 cm of tillering soil (grass grasses; resumption of legumes) and to increase 2-3 times the hardiness of plants. The economic effect of the method of simultaneous sowing of grain crops and grasses on sodic soils of a dry degree was compared with transverse grain crops and grasses. The proposed method of sowing was carried out by the conditionally designated brand of NWTP-2,1, and the known method of sowing crops and grasses with NWT-3. 6. In the experiment, a clover was sown under a half-barley. Below are an average of 3 years. Harvest grain barley was on the proposed method of sowing CszTP-2) 13.6 c / R aly 3.6 t / ha more than with the known method of sowing (. CWTP-3,6). giving birth to the green mass of the tributary of the first second year of life amounted to the seeding of the known method of sowing NWT-3, b) by 67.4 centners per hectare, and on crops by / the proposed method CTP-2, 1) by 165.4 centners / ha. The results of the experiments are shown in abl. 1 and 2. In table. 2 shows the yield of production and the economic assessment of one sowing crop depending on the sowing rate on average for 1978-1980.

Table

The known method of sowing crops and grasses (NWT-3,6) Yredlagaeky method of simultaneous sowing of crops and grasses on sodic dry steppe soils (СЭТП-2,1) 2. Green masses The known method of sowing crops and grasses IZZT-3,6 ) 8.7 The proposed method of simultaneous sowing of grain crops and herbs on sodic soils of dry steppe (NWTP-2.1) 20.8 x,% 6 HCP5.4 3. Green mass up The known method of sowing grain crops and herbs ITZT-3, 6) The proposed method of simultaneous sowing of grain crops and herbs on sodic soils

1. The grains of barmen 12.5 of the first year of life of the first year of life

Total barley products in

feed unit centners per hectare

2. The harvest of the clover of the first year of life. C / ha

green mass

green mass in

feed unit

3. Crop of the clover of the second year of life, t / ha

green mass

green mass in

food -.- units

4. The total yield of feed units from the cultivated area (manure + clover)

5. Of total costs incurred

general products, pv

6. The cost of products at purchase prices,

rub.

7. Net income, rub.

8. Profitability level

Continued tabl, 2

20.59

37.4 7.48

128 25.60

53.67 101.34

300.55 199.21

197

Claims (3)

1. METHOD FOR GROWING FODDER CROPS ON SALONSOIL SOILS, 'including simultaneous inter-row sowing of seeds of grain crops and herbs; trapezoidal and wedge-shaped depressions, the depth ratio of which is 2: 1, moreover, sowing grass seeds into trapezoidal depressions, and sowing grain seeds into wedge-shaped depressions, while the seeds of tr av and crops close up in. the soil, respectively, to a depth of 2-4 cm and .6-10 cm. 2. The method of pop. 1, characterized in that the distance between the centers of the trapezoidal and wedge-shaped recesses is 20-30 cm, while the trapezoidal recesses have a depth of 10-14 cm and a bottom width of 6-10 cm. 3. The method of pop. 1, due to the fact that, when sowing grass seeds, the bottom of the trapezoidal depressions is additionally sprinkled with dry fine-crusty soil 0.5-1 cm thick.