SK501042018U1 - Device for supplying the mixture of gases during cardiopulmonary resuscitation of a patient - Google Patents

Abstract

The portable device (10) for administering to the patient a mixture of oxygen, argon and optionally other gases comprises: at least one bottle (12) containing a mixture of oxygen, argon and possible other gases; a valve (13) connected to the bottle (12) capable of functioning as a first reducing valve of the gas mixture that exits directly from the bottle (12); a control unit (14) comprising a programmable logic controller (PLC) storing programs and algorithms that control the operation of the device (10); a second pressure reducing valve and a control system (16), both controlled by a PLC gas mixture dispensed by the bottle (12) and coming from the first pressure reducing valve (13). The device (10) is able to deliver to the patient through the mask (17) a reduced pressure gas mixture supplied by the second pressure reducing valve and control system (16) and is configured to operate to deliver the gas mixture to the patient in three different modes of operation, , i.e. j. in light mode, middle mode and advanced mode.

Description

Technical field

The present invention relates to a device for administering a gas mixture as part of and in coexistence with cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Thus, the present invention relates to the field of medical devices that can typically be used in cardiopulmonary resuscitation to prevent cardiac and brain damage caused by ischemia and / or blocking or reducing blood flow to the brain after cardiac arrest.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), also referred to as cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), is an emergency procedure that combines and combines chest compressions with artificial lung ventilation to maintain intact cerebral and heartfunctions by performing manual or mechanical operations until measures are taken until measures are taken. normal blood circulation in a person who has a cerebral ischemia, usually after cardiac arrest.

More specifically, cardiopulmonary resuscitation or CPR is recommended for those who do not respond and do not breathe at all in the event of cardiac arrest and subsequent ischemia, or exhibit abnormal breathing.

As part of the emergency procedure provided by cardiopulmonary resuscitation, devices, also known as CPR ventilators, or simply ventilators, known and widely used, are capable of delivering a gaseous mixture, typically containing oxygen, to the lungs of a patient suffering from ischemia to oxygenate and maintain brain function stimulate cardiopulmonary resuscitation in combination with manual or mechanical chest compressions as soon as possible.

More specifically, the oxygen-containing gas mixture is administered to the lungs of the patient through a special respirator mask applied by the operator of the device to the face, or by intubation into the trachea.

The oxygen-containing gas mixture must be administered to the patient as soon as possible in the presence of ischemia following cardiac arrest and, as a result, blocked blood flow to the brain.

It is also appropriate that, in view of the unexpected and emergency situations in which they are normally used, the equipment can also be operated by personnel without specific training and training.

On the other hand, cardiopulmonary resuscitation devices or CPR ventilators must offer characteristics that also allow trained people and, more specifically, medical personnel to intervene selectively and with different approaches, more specifically depending on the circumstances and patient injury.

It is also clear that the immediate availability of the CPR ventilator at the time of the clinical event is of fundamental importance, as is the use of the right mixture administered to the patient.

Cardiac arrest is a dramatic clinical event that can occur suddenly and often without any warning signs.

This clinical event is characterized by a sudden loss of consciousness due to a lack of blood flow to the brain, which occurs when the heart stops pumping blood to the brain.

As various sources suggest, cardiac arrest is one of the leading causes of death in the western world with a population of between 350000 and 700000, who suffer cardiac arrest each year in the US, Canada and Europe.

Argon was used by deep sea divers for the first time in the 1930s.

It was later found that argJn had an anesthetic effect under hyperbaric conditions and that it had mild anesthetic properties of normobaric conditions.

Due to these effects, argon is mostly used as an inert screening gas in many industrial applications and healthcare facilities.

In addition, the neuroprotective and cardioprotective effects of argon are described in a number of documents. More specifically, the medical literature reports that argon, along with other rare gases with low anesthetic properties, such as helium and neon, has a cardioprotective effect when used as a precursor in rabbits undergoing an occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery 30 minutes.

It has also been confirmed that the advantage of a mixture of argon and oxygen, or argon and oxygen and other gases, is greater when the fusion mixture is delivered to the scientist as soon as possible.

However, prior art documents, although describing the use and administration of argon as a preventive pretreatment in the protection of heart muscle, do not clearly describe the use and administration of argon for therapeutic purposes or as therapeutic treatment.

More specifically, to date, as the applicant has been able to record, no device is available on the market for use in cardiopulmonary resuscitation or CPR that is specifically designed and designed to administer a mixture consisting of argon and oxygen, or argon, oxygen and other gases to prevent and avoid damage to the heart and brain in a patient suffering from cardiac ischemia and characterized by simplicity, portability, and efficacy as required by the emergency situations in which the cardiopulmonary resuscitation device should normally be used.

The CPR ventilator of the present invention, meeting the above needs and, moreover, exhibits reduced dimensions and portability features, is capable of being advantageously incorporated into first aid medical equipment, and more particularly located close to the defibrillator.

In addition, for the sake of completeness of information, it is emphasized that in the field of use and use in the biological and medical field of argon properties and effects, the applicant has already presented a European patent application (EP 16183930.3) which describes a special gas mixture containing mainly oxygen and argon. to be administered to a patient as part of and coexistence with CPR to prevent brain and heart damage induced in the same patient by ischemia and / or blocked or decreased blood flow to the brain after cardiac arrest.

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The main object of the present invention is to design and manufacture a new useful and practical cardiopulmonary resuscitation device which remedies the prior art drawbacks mentioned above and more specifically, makes it possible to advantageously use and administer an oxygen-argon-containing gas mixture as part and coexistence with emergency cardiopulmonary resuscitation. which combines chest compressions with artificial ventilation to prevent and avoid damage to the heart and brain in a patient suffering from cardiac arrest.

The essence of the technical solution

The object of the invention is a device for administering a gas mixture (M, (OR + A)) as a part and in coexistence with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of a patient (P), which comprises:

- a support frame for supporting the components of the device;

- at least one bottle containing a gas mixture (M) comprising oxygen and argon (OR + A) for administration to the patient (P) when resuscitated;

a valve connected to the bottle normally switched to the closed position to prevent release of the gas mixture from the bottle, the valve being able to function as the first gas mixture reduction valve when the valve is open and the gas mixture (M) exits the bottle and is fed through the bottle;

- a control unit more particularly comprised of a programmable logic controller (PLC), in which programs and algorithms intended to control and control the functions of the device are stored;

a second pressure regulator and a control system, both controlled by the control unit, of the gas mixture flow (M) supplied by the bottle and coming from the first pressure regulator;

- an adjustment and command panel comprising a display or display to enable the operator to set up and operate the device; and

- a battery for supplying the energy necessary for the operation of the device, the device being connected to a mask or breathing mask, or the like, by means of which a gas mixture (M, (OR + A)) can be delivered to a resuscitated patient (P) under reduced pressure; a second pressure reducing valve and control system contained in the device.

Further, in the apparatus, the valve connected to the bottle is able to adjust from the closed position in which it is normally set to prevent release of the gas mixture (M) from the bottle, exclusively to a certain open position, i.e. (M) bottle, whereby the valve, when set in the open position, cannot be re-closed to the closed position to prevent operator maneuvering errors during use of the device.

The apparatus further includes a compartment having sufficient space to accommodate and accommodate both the breathing mask necessary to deliver the gas mixture (M, OR + A)) contained in the bottle to the patient, and an oven that attaches the breathing mask to the second pressure regulator and control system. flow of the gas mixture (M) administered to the patient (P) by means of the device.

In the apparatus of the present invention, the at least one bottle has a volume of 0.5 to 3 liters, preferably 2 liters, and is sized and constructed to allow operation up to 45 MPa and containing up to 800 liters of gas mixture (M) under pressure.

Furthermore, in the device, the setting and command panel allows the operator of the device to adjust the flow of the gas mixture (M) contained in the bottle administered to the patient (P) based on the height of the patient.

The device further includes access, more specifically in a Bluetooth or USB mode, to connect the device to an external communication device, such as a tablet, to allow commands to be sent to the controller and the associated PLC to change the device parameter settings.

The battery of the device of the present invention is sized to allow the device to operate for at least 30-60 minutes and is capable of being charged by connecting it to a conventional battery charger, in particular to a battery charger already present in the ambulance, and to generate energy immediately when charging. the command bar is configured to be visible when the device is not in use and not in use, for example because the battery has run out, corresponding messages such as "NOT IN SERVICE".

The apparatus further includes an attachment for an additional composite bottle containing an oxygen-enriched gas mixture in which the oxygen is present in a concentration greater than 21%.

In the apparatus, the valve is coupled to the cylinder and acts as the first pressure reducing valve capable of reducing the pressure in the gas mixture (M) from the high pressure present in the cylinder to the reduced pressure at its outlet, to allow correct gas supply (M, (OR + A)) into a second pressure reducing valve and gas flow control system (M, (OR + A)) and administering the gas mixture (M) at the desired pressure to the patient (P) during resuscitation.

The device also has the following features:

- weight p from 5 kg

- dimensions and design to allow easy carrying of the device on the shoulders or in the hand;

- a battery to allow the device to operate for up to 120 minutes;

- connection to the electrical system to allow the battery to be recharged or the device to function continuously.

In the present device, the bottle containing the gas mixture (M, (OR + A)) is administered to the patient (P) of carbon steel or aluminum alloy or a composite material with a metal, aluminum or steel inner lining or polymer composite material.

The device further comprises a device for attaching the device to the endotracheal tube.

The apparatus further comprises a device for delegating and measuring carbon dioxide (CO 2) in the blood of the patient (P) to prevent peroxygenation.

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The device according to the present invention is capable of delivering the gas mixture (M) contained in the bottle, also when the battery is exhausted by means of an additional self-resuscitation device capable of allowing manual ventilation of the resuscitated patient.

The device according to the present invention is configured to operate in three working modes depending on the features, qualifications and type of personnel intended to use the gas mixture delivery device (M, (OR + A)) to the patient (P).

Accordingly, the programmable logic controller (PLC) can be configured to operate lightly by untrained and non-specialized personnel with a predetermined specific control program to generate the correct gas flow (M) at the appropriate pressure to prevent pneumatic damage to the patient as well as if the trachea is blocked.

In addition, the programmable logic controller can be configured for mid-mode operation by trained personnel with a predetermined specific control program to generate the correct gas flow (M) for administration to the patient using a professional type mask at the appropriate pressure to prevent pneumatic damage to the patient. windpipe.

Finally, the programmable logic controller (PLC) can be configured for advanced mode to be operated by medical personnel with Bluetooth or USB controllable programs to adjust gas flow (M), pressure and oxygen concentration when an additional oxygen bottle is connected.

The object of the present invention is therefore, in connection with the above object, also to provide a new device capable of administering an oxygen-argon-containing mixture in coexistence with an emergency cardiopulmonary resuscitation emergency procedure which has portability characteristics so as to allow immediate and easy use for administration. gas mixture to a patient in ischemic heart failure.

More specifically, it aims at a device that is portable to be immediately and easy to use when needed for administration to a patient using a respiratory mask applied to his face, a special gas mixture containing oxygen and argon, or oxygen and argon and other gases.

Another object of the present invention is also the realization of a new device which can be used in the field of cardiopulmonary resuscitation intervention and which offers suitable characteristics appropriate to the type and qualification of the operator to use in practice for administering oxygen / argon mixture to a patient suffering from ischemia. More specifically for untrained operators, trained operators and doctors.

The above objectives can be considered to be fully achieved by means of a gaseous delivery device for cardiopulmonary resuscitation of a patient having the features set out in the main independent claim L

Preferably, the device according to the present invention is configured to also be used by untrained persons to allow anyone to administer to the patient a gaseous mixture containing oxygen and argon in the first minutes of a clinical incident, ie immediately, which manifested ischemia due to cardiac arrest.

More specifically, as illustrated below, the device has been developed and constructed to be suitable for safe use:

- people without training or specific training;

- trained people who come, for example, with an ambulance to the site of a clinical event, such as volunteers who work as medical staff; and

- special personnel, ie. j. physicians.

As already pointed out, the location where the device according to the present invention is located and made available for use when necessary is also of fundamental importance and should preferably be very close to the site of the clinical event.

For example, a convenient solution is to locate the device near the defibrillator, assuming that this location is where many members of the staff responsible for acting in connection with a patient who has suffered cardiac arrest are usually resuscitated.

Usually, the equipment must also be accessible in ambulances, hospitals, outpatient facilities and clinics, and also designed to be approved for carriage on seagoing vessels or aircraft and in general emergency vehicles.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be elucidated and made more apparent by reference to the following description of one of its preferred embodiments, given solely by way of non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a three-dimensional graphical view of a device according to the present invention for administering a mixture of oxygen and argon and others to a gas resuscitated patient;

Figure 2 is a blowing block diagram of the device of Figure 1 according to the present invention for administering a gas mixture containing argon oxygen to a patient during cardiopulmonary resuscitation; and

Figure 3 is a flow chart (flow chart) illustrating the use and operation of the device of Figures 1 and 2 for administering a gaseous mixture during cardiopulmonary resuscitation of a patient.

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EXAMPLES

It is believed that the present invention provides a new useful and advantageous device that is provided for use in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, also referred to as CPR, which is capable of ventilating and delivering to a patient's lungs, the resuscitating gas mixture, and therefore indicates a CPR fan.

According to a first essential feature of the present invention, the gaseous mixture to be administered by means of the device and / or the device is a gas mixture. The CPR ventilator to the patient during resuscitation, specifically contains oxygen and arg'am, or oxygen and argon plus other gases to prevent and avoid damage to the patient's heart and brain caused by ischemia and / or reperfusion of cardiac arrest.

More specifically, the technical solution is based on the finding that administering argon via the respiratory system in coexistence with cardiopulmonary resuscitation technologies and procedures to a person suffering from cardiac arrest effectively protects both cardiac muscle cells and neuronal cells from damage caused by ischemic and / or reperfusion after cardiac arrest.

Therefore, as suggested by the present invention, administering arg'm in coexistence and concurrent with standard manual operations and maneuvers provided by cardiopulmonary resuscitation advantageously allows improved and more effective protection of the heart along with improved and more effective neuronal protection compared to administering only argon after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Again, according to a further advantageous feature of the technical solution, the device resp. The CPR ventilator has features of portability and ease of use so as to allow immediate and easy administration of the argon-containing gas mixture to the patient at the time of the clinical event or when the patient is suffering from ischemia after cardiac arrest.

As is known, cardiopulmonary resuscitation typically involves manual or mechanical chest compressions associated with ventilation, or inhalation and air delivery from the patient's lungs, or involves only chest compressions.

Preferably, the CPR ventilator of the present invention is equipped to also be used during these resuscitation operations, i.e. during compression and expansion of the patient's chest, as schematically indicated by the double CPR arrow in Figure 2.

In a similar manner to the prior art, the gaseous mixture can also be administered and administered passively by delivering via a tubing, a stream of gas to the respiratory system of the patient.

There are examples of this use when the gas stream is administered through a nasal tube or mask directly above the larynx valve to or into the endotracheal tube or also by means of jet ventilation or oscillating ventilation.

Briefly, in the context of the foregoing, the device of the present invention aims to provide forced ventilation of a protective gas-containing gas mixture to the patient during cardiopulmonary resuscitation at the site of the clinical incident until the patient arrives at the emergency hospital department.

As a result, the CPR ventilator can also be used to protect and reactivate the patient's cardiac circulation, both initially during cardiopulmonary resuscitation maneuvers, and later, and when the patient arrives at a hospital equipped with first aid and intensive care services.

As emphasized, the CPR ventilator is specifically configured to deliver a mixture of oxygen and argon, or oxygen, argm, and other inert gases to a patient suffering from ischemia, wherein the argon concentration for the mixture consisting exclusively of argon and oxygen is preferably from 20 to 80 % vol.

In addition, as already specified, the gas mixture may also contain other gases such as: helium, krypton, neon, xenon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and in this case an arg'em concentration above 10% is preferred.

The CPR ventilator according to the invention is provided with a battery so as to guarantee a ventilating time of the gas mixture to the resuscitated patient from 30 minutes to 2 hours, preferably from 30 minutes to 60 minutes.

In the case of electrical outlets (for example ambulances), the fan can be recharged or also used continuously through the power supply.

More specifically, as detailed below, this ventilation has been developed and implemented starting from a storage system in which an arg'm containing gas mixture is stored to continue and pass through the pneumatic circuit to the patient interface, which interface may be nasal or a face mask, or also a connector capable of connecting with the corresponding connectors associated with the endotracheal tube.

The CPR ventilator is also equipped with a respiratory system pressure limiting system to prevent overpressure damage to the patient's lungs; a pulmonary pressure indicator and a series of analog and digital indicators that indicate the proper functioning of the CPR ventilator, further corresponding to the patient's regular breathing rhythm during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

In addition, preferably, the CPR fan of the present invention is portable, battery operated, may also be powered externally by connection to an electrical system, and may be connected to a defibrillation module.

Again, as described below, the inventive device has been developed and constructed to be used safely on the basis of three working modes, more specifically:

- persons without training or specific instructions according to the operating mode of use referred to as 'light mode';

- trained persons who, for example, arrive by ambulance at the clinical site where the patient has suffered cardiac arrest, or by volunteer medical staff according to the operating mode of use of the device referred to as "medium mode";

- by medical staff according to the mode of use known as 'advanced mode'.

In particular, considering these possible different modes of operation of the device, the patient's breathing sequence may be selected by a qualified physician, for example using a USB key, and is instead fully automatic if the device is used by non-medical personnel.

As envisaged and shown in Figure 1, the CPR fan of the present invention has a lightweight construction and is reduced in size to exhibit portability features.

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More specifically, the CPR fan is designed to be sized and weight suitable for convenient and easy transportation on the shoulders of the operator.

For example, referring to Figure 1, the indicative dimensions of a CPR ventilator without a bottle or additional oxygen-containing bottles provided for special use as described below, corresponding to the "advanced mode" reserved for physicians, are:

- L1 = 400 ± 100 mm;

- L2 = 600 ± 150 mm;

- L3 = 250 ± 150 mm.

The indicative weight is indicatively less than 5 kg

Naturally, the dimensions and weights given above are not binding, but may vary depending on the possible applications for which the CPR fan is intended.

Referring in detail to Figure 1 and the corresponding work flow diagram of Figure 2, the device that is the subject of the present invention is generally designated as 10 and comprises:

a tubular support frame 11 supporting the various components of the device 10;

- at least one bottle designated as 12, comprising a gas mixture M comprising oxygen and argon (OR + A) administered to patient P, which is resuscitated;

a valve 13 connected to the bottle 12 normally positioned in the closed position to prevent leakage of the gas mixture M from the bottle 12, the valve 13 being able to function as the first gas mixture reduction valve M when it exits the bottle and is fed directly through the bottle 12;

a control unit 14, more particularly comprised of a programmable logic controller (PLC), in which the programs and algorithms intended to control and control the functioning of the device 10 are stored;

a second pressure reducing valve and a control system, indicated in total 16, of the flow of the gas mixture M supplied by the bottle 12 and coming from the first pressure reducing valve 13, the second pressure reducing valve and the control system 16 being both controlled by the control unit 14; and

- an adjustment and command panel 15 coupled to the control unit 14 to allow the operator to adjust and control the flow of gas mixture supplied by the apparatus 10, the adjustment and command panel 15 further comprising a display or display 15a capable of displaying to the operator signals and functions equipment 10.

In addition, for use in the widest possible range of locations, the device 10 of the present invention is provided to be powered by the battery designated 21 in Figure 2, the battery 21 being sized to guarantee the operation of the device 10 and the flow of gas mixture M for a period of from 30 to 60 minutes and is of a rechargeable type so as to be capable of being connected to a conventional charger, for example a charger already placed in an ambulance.

When using the device 10, the display or display 15a, located on the setup and command panel 15, is capable of generating a visual "NOT IN SERVICE" signal if the battery 21 that powers the device 10 is discharged and therefore not capable of delivering no energy.

More specifically, this NOT IN SERVICE message "is generated automatically and appears on display 15a when there is no longer power in the battery 21, and when the battery 21 of the device 10 is sufficient, display 15a does not show any indication and therefore appears black or, in another version, the word "ACTIVE" or another word with a similar meaning appears.

In addition, as described below, the setting and command panel display 15a has the function of visually indicating to the operator prior to initiating the administration of the gaseous mixture to the patient to be resuscitated or already being resuscitated that everything is working properly in the device 10 and therefore ready for use.

In addition, the device 10 is connected to a breathing mask 17, which can be located in a compartment 18 formed in the same device 10 to supply a resuscitated patient with a gas mixture M under reduced pressure supplied by a second reduction valve and a control system 16.

This section 18, provided on the device 10, has enough space to accommodate and position both the respirator 17 necessary to deliver the gas mixture M delivered by the bottle 12 to the patient and the flexible tube designated 19 that connects the respirator 17 with the thregulated mixture 16 .

The bottle 12 containing the gas mixture containing oxygen and argon is preferably of a composite material so as to have a reduced weight in favor of transportability and portability of the device 10.

Generally, the bottle 12 can be made and coated with any type of material provided that the material in contact with the gas mixture M contained in the bottle 12 is compatible with it.

The pressure of the gas mixture in the bottle 12 can reach up to 45 MPa and preferably is about 30 MPa.

The volume of the gas-containing bottle 12 varies from 0.5 liters to 3 liters of geometric volume and is preferably equal to 2 liters so as to retain a processing pressure of 45 MPa to 800 liters of the gas mixture.

The valve 13 associated with the bottle 12 may be made of a conventional commercial valve, or preferably may be appropriately designed and sized in such a way as to allow flow of a predetermined speed and range and at a certain final pressure of the gas mixture M exiting the bottle 12 to acted as a pressure reducing valve.

Preferably, the pressure of the gas mixture M downstream of the valve 13, which is at the outlet e of the bottle 12, is from 0.1 MPa to 1 MPa.

As already specified, the gas mixtures contained in the bottle 12 have at least 20% oxygen.

Preferably, the gaseous mixture is oxygen enriched in the "advanced mode" of use and can, for example, reach a concentration of 50% oxygen or higher, with the remainder of the gas being argSn.

The same methods adopted to obtain a mixture enriched in different ways with oxygen can also be applied to mixtures formed from other gases.

The gaseous mixtures administered to patients may contain only argon and oxygen, or, as specified, mixtures containing argon, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, xenon, helium, cryptone, neon at various concentrations, provided that the operations of the device 10 do not depend on the specific composition a gas mixture to be administered to a resuscitated patient.

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More specifically, as also described below, if the device 10 were set to operate on a "light mode" or "medium mode", the oxygen concentration administered to the patient cannot be varied and is equal to the oxygen concentration in the gas mixture contained in the bottle 12.

Instead, in the case of an 'advanced mode' provided to doctors, the oxygen concentration can be appropriately changed by these medical staff.

When using the apparatus 10, the flow of the gas mixture M which exits from the bottle 12, even if it has already been depressurized by the valve 13 in the open position, enters the zone or part of the apparatus 10 where the pressure and speed of this flow is more precisely controlled.

More specifically, this part of the device 10 comprises a number of devices that allow precise and efficient control of the flow of the gas mixture M as a function of the respiration characteristics of the patient P during the time of resuscitation.

Also located in this part of the device 10 is a control unit 14, a programmable logic controller (PLC) that controls the operation of the device 10 itself.

The remainder of the device 10, left loose and unoccupied with the bottle 12, the control unit 14 and the second pressure reducing valve and flow control system 16, is used to define and form a compartment 18 into which a breathing mask 17a can be placed. connects them with a second pressure reducing valve and a control system 16.

The breathing mask 17, coupled and positioned within the device 10, usually conforms to the " base model " to represent its ease of use by the operator, and more specifically does not require it to be applied so as to perfectly adhere to the patient.

Therefore, in this way, a secured breathing mask 17 of a normal type and standard, which is therefore readily attachable without the need for special skills, prevents untrained persons, more specifically when the device 10 is designed to function and use in a "light mode" could cause pneumatic damage to the patient's internal organs.

Consequently, also the differences in features and characteristics of the device 10 according to the invention when it is intended to operate on a "light mode" as compared to when it is intended to operate on a "medium mode" also relate to a mask that can be used by the same device.

More specifically, the breathing mask provided when using the " medium mode " device 10 may be located in the corresponding special compartment created in the device 10 accompanied by a warning that is apparent on the same device 10 such as " THIS MASK CAN BE USED BY MEDICAL PERSONNEL ONLY. (This mask may only be used by medical personnel) or similar warnings.

Instead, the breathing mask, usable in the "light mode", is already connected to the corresponding flexible hose, which connects it to the second pressure reducing valve and the control system 16 of the device 10.

Referring to the drawings, and more particularly to the work flow diagram of Figure 3, we now provide a description of the use and operation of the apparatus 10 of the present invention to administer an oxygen and argon (OR + A) containing gas mixture M to a patient in cerebral ischemia during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Preferably, in order to facilitate the immediate use of the device 10 by the appropriate operator, the various operations to be performed for its proper functioning and its rapid use on the patient in a cerebral ischemia state are briefly described and symbolically shown in panel 20, part of the device 10 shown in the figure. first

In detail, the operations to be performed by the operator when the patient is suffering from cerebral ischemia, typically after cardiac arrest, and therefore, as indicated in Figures 3, 31, 32 and 33, the operator reaches and uses the device 10 according to the present invention, are as follows: :

opening the valve 13 connected to the bottle 12 so as to allow the gas mixture M to be discharged freely from the same bottle 12;

- switching the control knob 15b to the standby position, as shown in figure 1, contained in the adjustment and command panel 15 of the device 10;

controlling the signal on the display 15a of the setting and command panel 15, which indicates that everything in the device 10 is functioning correctly;

- selecting, by means of the adjustment and command panel 15, the height of the resuscitated patient P and pressing the corresponding digit displayed in the same panel 15;

- deploying a respiratory mask 17 on the face of a resuscitated patient P; and

- switching the control knob 15b from the standby position to the operation of the device 10.

As already mentioned, the correct sequence, as described above, of the operations performed is usually indicated on the device 10 itself and can also be guided by a recorded voice.

In general, these operations, designated 34 in Figure 3, are intended to adjust the correct device 10 until it is activated to deliver the gaseous mixture M to a patient in a state of cerebral ischemia, which must be resuscitated as quickly as possible.

It is specified that the valve 13 associated with the bottle 12 is preferably of a special type, non-adjustable such that starting from the initial closed position it can only switch to the open position in which the valve 13 is fully open and when the operator 10 switches it to the open position. can return to the closed position.

Therefore, the malfunction of the valve 13 at agitated moments at which the step for activating and using the device 10 on the patient is performed is prevented in this way.

The patient height selection P regulates and automatically determines the flow of this gas mixture M based on the algorithms and programs stored in the PLC control unit 14.

At this point, by completing the preparation phase, the device 10 as shown in Figure 3 through 36 is activated to operate according to a specific mode of operation appropriate to the type and qualification of the appropriate operator, to be administered to patient P in coexistence with his cardiopulmonary resuscitation symbolized. the double arrow CPR in Figure 2 of a gas mixture M containing oxygen and argin to prevent cerebral and neurological damage to patient P.

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Therefore, if the device 10 is activated to operate according to the mode of operation corresponding to the "light mode", it will fimgavate to deliver the gas mixture M based on the program 37-1 stored in the control unit 14 corresponding in fact to this light mode "37, such as shown in Figure 3.

Instead, if the device 10 is activated to operate according to the mode of operation corresponding to the " middle mode ", it will operate to deliver the gas mixture M based on the program 38-1 stored in the control unit 14 corresponding to the " middle mode " in Figure 3.

Finally, if the device 10 is activated to fimgavate according to the mode of operation corresponding to the "advanced mode", it will operate to deliver the gas mixture M based on the program 39-1 stored in the control unit 14 corresponding to this "advanced mode" 39 as shown. in Figure 3.

As shown above, the basic difference between the so-called " "Easy mode" of use and medium modus' corresponds to the use and is reflected in the difference in the type of mask that untrained personnel corresponding to 'light mode' or 'light mode' can use. trained personnel responsible instead of "medium mode", respectively, to administer P to the patient P.

In addition, there are other important differences that distinguish the so-called. "Advanced mode" of use, provided and reserved by doctors, with respect to the other two modes of use "light mode" respectively. 'Middle mode' granted to non-trained and middle-level trained persons.

More specifically, physicians or other persons and professionals who are specifically trained, or who are legally responsible for the use of the device 10, have additional equipment, additional and different to the device 10, which, if necessary, may join it.

In detail, this additional device or additional part of the device 10 consists of:

- oxygen-containing or oxygen-enriched gas-containing bottles; and

a special software key on which a program is stored to control this additional device or additional part with respect to the device 10.

This additional and different part is not provided to accompany the device 10, but is usually worn by doctors or in any case by trained persons arriving at the site of the clinical event, such as an ambulance, to assist and resuscitate the patient.

Like the bottle 12, which is already included and part of the device 10, this additional bottle, which contains an oxygen-enriched mixture, is also made of a composite material to obtain a minimum weight.

The working pressure in this additional bottle can reach up to 45 MPa, but preferably about 30 MPa.

In use, this additional bottle can be attached in a very simple manner to the device 10 and is provided with an appropriate pressure reducing valve configured to operate in the same manner as the valve 13 connected to the bottle 12, containing an argon gas mixture M, an integral and substantial part of the device 10. such that the pressure reducing valve is provided to be arranged in only two "open" or "open" positions. “Closed” and once opened it cannot close again.

Using the software key, the physician has access to a variety of different functions controlled by the PLC control unit 14 of the device 10 and, for example, can use them to vary the oxygen concentration in mixture M administered to patient P, dosing and delivery pressure of this mixture M, flow rate and relative delivery time.

Again, access to the PLC allows the physician to advantageously use the device 10 during cardiac pulmonary resuscitation massage to expel air from the lungs and during the subsequent regeneration phase to inhale air.

Again, a program or software that allows a physician to access the PLC resources of the control unit 14 can be downloaded to the tablet.

Therefore, when the tablet is connected in a USB or Bluetooth mode to the device 10, commands to the PLC can be issued by the physician using the touch screen of the same tablet, where the parameters of the device 10 can also be indicated.

Thus, the flow chart or flow chart shown in Figure 3 shows:

Occurrence of cerebral ischemia in patient (P) after cardiac arrest.

Immediate application of a cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) procedure to resuscitate a patient (P) in cerebral ischemic state.

Use of the device (10) according to the invention in conjunction with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) operations for administering a gas mixture (M) containing oxygen and arg'm (O + A) to a patient (P) in cerebral ischemic state.

Performing various preliminary operations, including selecting the height of the patient (P) to correctly adjust the device (10) for administering the oxygen-containing gas mixture (M) and arg '(O + A) to the patient (P) in a cerebral ischemic state that resuscitates itself.

Depending on the type of operator concerned, activating and phasing the device (10) for administering a gas mixture (M) containing oxygen and argane (O + A) to a patient (P) coexisting with his cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to avoid cerebral and neurological damage to the patient (P) in the ischemic state.

Mode of operation (light mode) for untrained persons.

Mode of operation (middle mode) for trained persons.

Mode of operation (advanced mode) for medical personnel.

37-1 Control program of the corresponding mode of operation (light mode) which has been activated and based on which sapodazas (M) of oxygen and argon.

38-1 A program of control of the corresponding mode of operation (middle mode) that has been activated and is used to administer (M) oxygen and argon.

39-1 Control program of the corresponding mode of operation (advanced mode), which has been activated and based on which sapodávazmes (M) of oxygen and argon.

S K 50104-2018 Ui

Therefore, it is clear from the above description that this technical solution fully achieves the stated objectives and more specifically proposes a new and useful device for administering a gaseous mixture containing specifically argSn in connection with and coexistence with cardiopulmonary resuscitation of a patient suffering from cardiac arrest to avoid and prevent cardiac damage. and brain in the same patient caused by ischemia and / or blocked or decreased blood flow to the brain due to this cardiac arrest.

In addition, and preferably, the device has portability features so as to allow, if necessary, its easy and immediate use during cardiopulmonary resuscitation of a patient suffering from ischemia after cardiac arrest.

OPTIONS

Naturally, without violating the principles and underlying technical concepts of the present invention, it is also clear that a device for administering a gas mixture in cardiopulmonary resuscitation to avoid and prevent cardiac and brain damage in a patient caused by ischemia or blocked or decreased blood flow after cardiac arrest may be subject to variations, changes and improvements to what has been described and illustrated so far without departing from the scope of the present invention.

For example, based on the first variant, the device may integrate a CO2 detector, which may be useful to prevent a patient's peroxygenation during the resuscitation phase.

As mentioned above, the gas mixture administered to the patient may contain other gases, as well as oxygen and argon, and more particularly helium.

In this case, the gas mixture may be made up of oxygen in a percentage of at least 21%, argon preferably in a percentage greater than 10% and helium, with a balancing blow so as to obtain a lighter mixture that is easier to inhale and therefore capable of facilitating respiration of certain patients.

It is clear that in this case the appropriate nature of providing helium in the composition of the gas mixture determined by the low molecular weight of the gas, meaning that the gas mixture administered to the patient is readily breathable.

Again, the CPR fan can be designed to be able to easily pass approval tests to be transported by plane or helicopter.

Finally, as mentioned above, the design and configuration of the device may be such as to allow it to be carried as if it were a rucksack or in a hand bag.

Claims (17)

PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS An apparatus (10) for administering a gaseous mixture (M, (OR + A)) as part of and in coexistence with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of a patient (P), comprising a support frame (11) for supporting structural components; at least one bottle (12) containing a gas mixture (M) comprising oxygen and argin (OR + A) for administration to the patient (P) during resuscitation; the valve (13) connected to the bottle (12) normally switched to the closed position to prevent release of the gas mixture from the bottle (12), wherein the valve (13) in the open position for exiting the gas mixture (M) from the bottle and feeding the bottle (12) is a first gas mixture reduction valve; a control unit (14), more particularly comprised of a programmable logic controller (PLC), in which programs and algorithms intended to control and control functions are stored; a second pressure regulator and a control system (16), both controlled by the control unit (14), the gas mixture flow (M) supplied by the bottle (12) and coming from the first pressure regulator (13); an adjustment and command panel (15) comprising a display or display (15a) for adjustment and control by the operator; and a power supply battery (21) necessary for functioning, being connected to a breathing mask (17) or a gas mixture delivery device (M, (OR + A)) to a resuscitated patient (P) at a reduced pressure delivered by the second pressure regulator and regulator system (16). Apparatus (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve (13) connected to the bottle (12) is intended to be moved out of the closed position in which it is normally set to prevent release of the gas mixture (M) from the bottle (12). 12), solely to a certain open position, i.e. without the need for operator control, to allow free dispensing of the gas mixture (M) by the bottle (12), and that the valve (13) set in the open position no longer has the possibility to close it again , to avoid operator maneuvering errors. Apparatus (10) according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it comprises a compartment (18) having sufficient space to accommodate and accommodate such a breathing mask (17) necessary to deliver the gas mixture (M, OR + A)). contained in the bottle (12) to the patient, as well as a pipe (19) that attaches the breathing mask (17) to the second pressure reducing valve and control system (16) of the gas mixture (M) administered to the patient (P). Apparatus (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one bottle (12) has a volume of 0.5 to 3 liters, preferably 2 liters, and is sized and constructed to allow operation up to 45 M Pa and containing up to 800 liters of gas mixture (M) p by pressure. Apparatus (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjustment and command panel (15) is designed to adjust the flow of the gas mixture (M) contained in the bottle (12) to be administered to the patient (P) based on the patient's height. (P) operator. The device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising access, more specifically in Bluetooth or USB mode, to connect to an external communication device, such as a tablet, to enable transmission of commands to the control unit (14), and corresponding PLC to change the parameter settings. Device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the battery (21) is sized to allow operation for at least 30-60 minutes and charged by connecting it to a conventional battery charger, in particular to a charger already present in the ambulance, and generates energy. instantly when it is recharged, and that the display (15a) contained in the setup and command panel (15) is configured to be visible, when not in use and out of operation, for example when the battery (21) is discharged, a corresponding message such as "NOT IN SERVICE" operation ". The apparatus (10) of any preceding claim, further comprising: an attachment for an additional composite bottle containing an oxygen-enriched gas mixture in which the oxygen moiety is present in a concentration greater than 21%. Apparatus (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the valve (13) connected to the bottle (12) and functioning as the first pressure reducing valve is designed to reduce the pressure in the gas mixture (M) from the high pressure present in the a reduced pressure bottle (12) at its outlet e, to allow the correct introduction of the gas mixture (M, (OR + A)) into the second pressure reducing valve and the gas mixture flow control system (16) (M, (OR + A)), and administering the gas mixture (M) at the desired pressure to the patient (P) during resuscitation. Device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has the following features: weight below 5 kg; dimensions and construction to allow easy carrying on the shoulders or in the hand; a battery (21) for allowing up to 120 minutes to operate; connection to an electrical system to allow recharging of the battery (21) or continuous operation. Device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bottle (12) containing the gas mixture (M, (OR + A)) administered to the patient (P) is of carbon steel or aluminum alloy or composite material. with an inner lining of metal, aluminum or steel, or a polymer composite material. The device (10) of any preceding claim, further comprising a device for connection to an endotracheal tube. The device (10) of any preceding claim, further comprising a device for delegating and measuring carbon dioxide (CO 2) in the blood of the patient (P) to prevent hyperoxygenation. Device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is intended to administer the gas mixture (M) contained in the bottle (12), also when the battery (21) is exhausted, by means of an additional self-resuscitation device for manual ventilation. patient. Device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the control unit (14) formed by a programmable logic controller (PLC) is configured to be lightweight. E 50104-2018 Ui mode (37) for operation by untrained and non-specialized personnel with a predetermined control program (37-1) to generate a gas mixture flow (M) at a pressure preventing pneumatic damage to the patient and also in the case of tracheal trachea. Device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the control unit (14) formed by a programmable logic controller (PLC) is configured to be a mid mode (38) for operation by trained personnel with a predetermined program. a controller (38-1) for generating a flow of gas mixture (M) for administration to the patient using a professional type mask at a pressure preventing pneumatic damage to the patient, and in the case of anchors and mucus. The device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 14, which is read-out 10, in that the control unit (14) consisting of a programmable logic controller (PLC) is configured to an advanced mode (39) to be operated by medical personnel with control programs (39-1) controllable via Bluetooth or USB, to adjust the gas mixture flow (M) , pressure and oxygen concentration when an additional oxygen bottle is attached.