SK301292A3 - Device for construction of recess, especially of gripping pockets in air-entrained concrete moulded brick - Google Patents

Description

Obi ast techniques

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for making recesses, in particular gripping pockets, in the faces of plastic uncured porous concrete blocks.

The gripping pockets which are made on the joints of the larger masonry blocks are intended to facilitate handling. The gripping pockets are intended to allow for their shaping *. so that the force required to lift and hold them is not only transmitted by gripping the block between fingers, eventually thumbs, but also by positive fit. The masonry block then hangs to some extent on the fingers, possibly between the thumbs and fingers in order to form the gripping pocket. The muscular effort required is reduced in this way and the work easier. Problems associated with the production of these gripping pockets are particularly evident in porous concrete blocks, since these blocks are not individually molded in -Forms, but are cut by means of staple wires from a plastic, uncured porous concrete block, which is significantly larger in size than the individual blocks.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The known device for producing gripping pockets on the faces of plastic, non-cured porous concrete blocks (DE 35 20 716 C2) consists of a tube driven around a longitudinal axis, on which a plurality of radial outlets are arranged in a longitudinal direction in a longitudinal direction. - stirrups. The clamping wires of the milling wires correspond to the contour of the cross-sectional area of the grip pocket and the recess extending therefrom extending up to the support surface of the porous concrete block. With this known device, grip pockets can be made and recessed. the plan view of the aerated concrete blocks extends in a circular arc, wherein the recess radius is smaller than the grip pocket radius and the recess arc has the same center as the grip pocket arch. A disadvantage of this known device is that it is only possible to produce gripping pockets which, viewed from above, run in a circular arc and their depth with respect to the face decreases towards the two ends of the circular arc. The depth of the grip pocket itself is only 20 mm, so that the fingers cannot reach deep enough into the grip pocket. This has the disadvantage that the fingertips are subjected to too high pressures to interfere with their blood flow, and the abdominals cause unfavorable lever ratios to the fingers. The slight depth of the grip pocket is even more disadvantageous when putting on thick gloves. The depth of the pocket should be at least 40 mm. However, this cannot be achieved with the known device, otherwise the circular arc of the gripping pocket would result in too little distance from the side faces of the porous concrete block, or even interfere with their side faces, thereby not providing sufficient thermal insulation. In addition, it has a well-known pocket with recess. the disadvantage that a considerable amount of mortar can fit into the recess. This is particularly disadvantageous in the case of a thin mortar box, as a relatively large proportion of the thin mortar box is lost in relation to the actual 1-3 mm thick mortar layer needed and the mortar box is more or less exiting than the standard mortar quantity.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide devices for producing recesses in particular for gripping pockets on the faces of plastic, uncured, aerated concrete blocks, with which ergonomically correct recesses can be produced in a simple manner, which are sufficiently deep over their entire width.

This is achieved in the first embodiment by the fact that the device comprises at least one grooving tool movable relative to the face of the block, which comprises a sheet metal strip in the form of a closed grooving ring and that the sheath surface of the grooving ring. it is parallel to the direction of movement of the puncturing tool and the outer contour of the puncturing ring corresponds to the inner contour of the recess being made and the puncturing tool is provided with a cover on its side facing the face. A sliding ejector is arranged, the outer contour of which corresponds to the inner contour of the puncture ring and that the bell-shaped hollow space defined by the puncture ring and its cover is connected in time to the vacuum pump.

In this embodiment, the piercing is pushed at the desired depth into the front-mounted vacuum pump. The bag not only promotes breakage of the portion of the aerated concrete block surrounded by the puncturing ring, but also retains the breakable part in the puncturing ring until the puncturing tool is moved to the emptying position. In this emptying position, the bag is disengaged and the puncture ring punctured and broken off by the porous concrete block can be forced out by the ejector from the puncture ring. At the same time, the inside surface of the puncture ring is cleaned by means of the ejector.

ring first the surface and then it

A second solution to the technical problem underlying the invention is that the device comprises at least one piercing tool movable with respect to the face of a porous concrete block having a sheet metal strip formed as a closed piercing ring and a sheath surface of the wash ring with respect to it is inclined at an insignificant apex angle to the scraper moving movement of the scrubbing tool so that the inner side of the grooving ring extends conically at its cutting edge facing the face of the porous concrete block, and the outer contour of the grooving ring corresponds to the inner the contour of the recess to be produced.

When this embodiment is pushed into the porous concrete block, the conical shape of the piercing ring of the piercing ring occurs as a result of the compression of the portion of the porous concrete block surrounded by the piercing ring.

As a result of this compression surrounded by the puncturing ring and the porous concrete sticking part of the ring, only the ring block without the porous concrete block on the inside can be broken off and removed by the vacuum extraction. When piercing another recess or retaining pocket, the previously pierced portion of the aerated concrete block is then pressed on the side of the piercing ring facing away from its cutting edge by the new pierced portion.

With the device according to the invention, recesses, separate gripping pockets, can be punctured from the end face of the block at the desired depth with any internal contour, in particular in an ergonomically correct internal contour. The gripping pockets may have the same depth, for example 40 mm, over the entire width, for example 100 mm, so that a sufficient wide and also a sufficient deep bearing surface is available for the fingers. In addition, the gripping pockets are open only with respect to the faces and not with respect to the gripping surfaces, so that no mortar can come into the gripping pockets from above.

Further preferred embodiments of the invention are set forth in the following subclaims.

Overview of the figures in the drawing

The invention is further illustrated by several exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawing. In the drawing:

FIG. 1 is a front, front view of the upper part of a porous concrete block in the form of a cuboid with retaining pockets.

o br. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1, partially in section along the line

Fig. II-II, Figs. 3-7, a first embodiment of a puncturing tool in different working positions, always in longitudinal section; Fig. 8. Fig. 9-13 shows a second embodiment of the puncturing tool in different working positions, always in longitudinal section; Fig. 14 a front view of the puncturing tool in direction XIV in Fig. 9-13. 9, a plurality of grooving tools of FIG. 15 is an axonometric representation arranged on a beam; FIG. 16 is a side view in direction XVI in FIG. 15; FIG. 17 is a side view in direction XVII of FIG. 15, FIG. 18 shows a side view in another working position.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

On both opposing faces 1 of the aerated concrete block 2 in the form of a cuboid of conventional dimensions), one gripping pocket 3 in the shape shown in FIG. 1 and 2. This gripping pocket or recess 1 is made in the plastic, uncured state of the porous concrete block 2 before it is inserted into the autoclave. This has the advantage that the porous concrete block is still relatively soft and that, in addition, the fresh concrete waste produced during the recess can be reprocessed into waste sludge and returned to the production of further porous concrete blocks. The retaining pocket 3 should have a width B of about 100 mm, a minimum height H of about 45 mm

and a depth T of about 40 mm. This can be done by using the two different puncturing tools 4.14 shown in Figs. 3-8, possibly 9-14. Cutting tools 4.14. they have in common that they are movable in the direction of movement A, always perpendicular to the face 1 of the uncured porous concrete block 2, and that they comprise a sheet metal sheet formed into a closed grooving ring 5.15, the sheath surface 5a extending substantially parallel to the direction of movement tools 15.

In the puncturing tool 4 shown in FIG. 3-8, the lateral surface 5a of the piercing ring 5 extends parallel to the direction of movement A of the piercing tool 4. The piercing ring 5 is provided with a cover 6 on its side facing away from the face 1. 6, is connected to the support 7. Inside the grooving ring 5, the ejector 8 is movable with respect to it. The ejector 8 is movable by means of sliding bars 9. The outer contour of the grooving ring 5 corresponds to the inner contour of the recess 3. The intake manifold 10 is connected to the ejector, which is slidably guided through the cover 6 and the beam 7 and opens at the side of the ejector 8a facing the face 1.

The piercing ring 5 is expediently surrounded by a retaining plate 11 which is movable with respect to the piercing ring in the direction of movement A of the piercing tool and is driven and supported by the two bolts 12. The retaining plate 11 has a recess 13 whose inner contour corresponds to the outer contour of the piercing tool. ring 5.

The sheet from which the grooving ring 5 or also the grooving ring 15 is made has a thickness of between 0.3 to 2 mm, preferably a thickness of about 0.5 mm. the smaller the thickness, the smaller the forces required to push the piercing ring into the porous concrete block, and the smoother the walls of the gripping pocket or the recess produced by puncturing a portion of the porous concrete block 2.

The function of the puncturing tool shown in FIG. 3 - 8 is as follows:

In the initial position, the parts of the puncturing tool 4 occupy the position shown in FIG. 3. All the parts first move together in the direction A towards the face 1. First, the holding plate 11 touches the face and locks there. Upon further movement of the piercing tool 4 in the direction A, the piercing ring 5 enters the desired depth, for example 40 mm, into the aerated concrete block 2, as shown in FIG. 4. Now the suction line 10 is connected to the vacuum source and a vacuum is created in the hollow bell-shaped space defined by the puncturing ring 5 and its cover 6. Thereafter, the piercing ring 5 together with the ejector 9 begin to move in the direction A from the porous concrete block 2. Due to the vacuum prevailing in the hollow space, the part 2a (core) surrounded by the piercing ring 5 breaks off and separates from the porous concrete block 2. in this case, it rests against the face 1 and prevents uncontrolled breaking of the porous concrete from the area of the puncturing ring. In addition, the outer surface 5a of the puncture ring 5 is cleaned by the retaining plate 11 ', the recess 13 of which is tightly surrounded by the grooving ring 5, so that the porous concrete residues adhering to the lateral surface of the puncture ring 5 are moved below the retaining plate 11 below 1e. . 5 wipe off. At the end of the retraction of the piercing tool 4, the holding plate 11 of FIG. 6 is moved away from the face 1 and the piercing tool V together with the core 2a surrounding it is moved to the emptying position of the porous concrete block 2. In this emptying position in the suction line 10 and the ejector 8 begins to move downwardly relative to the puncturing ring 5 as shown in FIG. 7. The ejector forces the cores 2a out of the puncturing ring 5 while also cleaning the inner surface of the puncturing ring 5. In order to be effective, this cleaning must the ejector 8 fits into the piercing ring with little play. Upon ejection of the core 2a, the ejector moves again towards the housing 6 and thus assumes the position shown in FIG.

The puncturing ring 5 may have any contour. The aforementioned puncturing tool 4 and the later described puncturing tool 14 can also be used not only for making the gripping pockets in the perpendicular faces of the aerated concrete blocks, but also for making any other recesses, for example so-called gripping holes, on the upper side of the aerated concrete blocks. However, such gripping holes would have the disadvantage that mortar could fit into them,

In the piercing tool 14 shown in FIGS. 9-14, the surface 15a of the piercing ring 15 is deflected at a slight apex angle μ relative to the direction of movement A such that the inner side of the piercing ring 15 is facing the cutting edge 15b facing the face 1 of the porous concrete block. 2 conical expands. The angle p is drawn exaggeratedly large for illustration. It may lie between 1 ° and fr ´ and is preferably 3 °. The puncturing ring 15 has a height H1 which is at least as large as the depth T of the finished recess or the retaining pocket. On the edge 15c of the grooving ring 15 which faces away from the cutting edge V5b adjoins a sleeve 16, widened with respect to the edge 15c.

The function of the puncturing tool shown in FIG.

- 14 is as follows.

In the initial position, the piercing tool 14 occupies the position shown in FIG. 9. Then, the piercing tool 14 is moved in the direction A so that the piercing ring 15 exits into the aerated concrete block 2. The piercing ring cuts out a part or core 2a. However, due to the end shape of the puncture ring 15, the core 23 which is surrounded by it is first compressed somewhat into one another, thereby pressing it firmly against the inner wall of the puncture ring. At the same time, however, due to the conical shape of the puncturing ring 15, the outermost surface 15a of the so-called free cut is obtained, which means that between the outer surface 15a and inner oloc hou. later later. The recess 5 produces a groove with a wedge-shaped cross-section. If the piercing ring 15 together with the fixed adhering core 2a of the porous concrete block 2 moves back in the direction A, then the core breaks off in the region of the cutting edge 15b from the other mass of the porous concrete block 2 and is then assisted by the piercing ring as shown in FIG. . 11, pulled out of the porous concrete block 2. The core 2a first remains in the puncture ring 15. If the puncture ring 15 then carries out a further recess according to FIG. 12 penetrates into another porous concrete block, then pushes here the new emerging core 2 * old core 2a upwardly into the expanded sleeve 16. In this way, further recesses can be made one after the other and the cores are ejected by moving the sleeve 16 higher . After, for example, five to eight duty cycles, the piercing tool 14 is rotated about a horizontal axis by 180 ° so that the direction sleeve 16 is downward. As a result, the retained cores fall out of the housing 16 in a downward direction therein. The sleeve 16, which is widened relative to the puncturing ring 15, has the advantage that the cores first move upwardly without much resistance in the sleeve 16 and, after reversing the stabbing tool 14, can also easily fall out of the sleeve 16;

The piercing tool shown in FIGS. 9-14 is characterized by a particularly simple construction compared to that shown in FIGS. 3-8, whereby the retaining plate can also be omitted due to the conical shape of the piercing ring 15 and the longitudinal cut thereby obtained. In this case, however, the puncturing tool must be provided with a cleaning device which, after all the puncturing operations has been completed, removes the last core in the puncturing ring 15 and thus cleans the puncturing ring 15.

In order to be able to provide as much as possible of the concrete blocks at a time when it is possible to dispose of it, it is expedient to operate several puncturing tools 4 or 14 at the same time. This case will be explained by the device shown in FIG. 15-18. The device comprises a beam 20 on which a plurality of stabbing tools 4 or 14 are arranged in a row or at opposite intervals. In order to be useful also for porous concrete blocks of various dimensions, the stabbing tools are expediently adjustable in a direction along their row, possibly in longitudinal The beam 20 is supported on two bars 21, which are movable on the frame 23 in the direction A up and down. Further, the beam 20 is movable on the crossbars 21 in a further direction of movement D transverse to its longitudinal length and perpendicular to its first direction of movement C. In the illustrated embodiment, the direction of movement D is horizontal.

By means of a conventional transport device (not shown), a first layer of porous concrete blocks 2, which are arranged, for example, in a series of five rows which are close to one another on the carriage 24, is deposited. 15th

By moving it in the direction D, the beam 20 is then moved over the first row of aerated concrete blocks as shown in FIG. 17. By moving downwards in the direction A, all thirty piercing tools 4 or 14 are simultaneously inserted into the front surfaces of the first-row aerated concrete blocks. Thereafter, the beam 20 is moved by lifting the crossbars 21 in the direction A upwards, the piercing tools comprising cores. 3-3, the beam 20 is now moved to the left to the emptying position on the side of the carriage 24 as shown in FIG. 18. Here, the cores can be pushed downward from the grooving rings of the grooving tools while dropping all the ejectors, and fall into the collecting containers 25 for fresh concrete waste. Then, the beam 20 passes over another row of aerated concrete blocks and the operations described are then repeated as many times as the recesses in the aerated concrete blocks of all five rows are cut out. When using the grooving tools 14 according to Figs. 9-14, the beam 20 can be moved directly above another row after being lifted from one row of aerated concrete blocks and thus all five rows can be recessed immediately in succession. After the fifth row, the beam is then returned to the emptying position and by rotating 180 ° along its longitudinal axis, the cores accumulated in the sleeves are emptied into containers 25. After the entire layer of porous concrete blocks has recesses, the supporting frame 26 carrying the next layer is moved. aerated concrete blocks above the first layer. This support frame 26 is seated on the supports 27. The recessing of the recesses in the following and further layers then proceeds as described until the trolley is fully filled and then transferred to an autoclave to cure the aerated concrete blocks.

In order to further accelerate the recessing of the recesses, a plurality of parallel beams can be arranged, for example five. which are equipped with an adequate number of needling tools.

By moving vertically downwards and then moving upwards, the recesses can then be tapped simultaneously. all porous concrete blocks of one layer. In order to adapt the device to the different dimensions of the aerated concrete blocks, the distance between the beams should be adjustable.

shipped in deployed

The recesses on the lightweight lower faces of the aerated concrete blocks are finished on a similar device as described in FIG. 15-18. In this similar device, however, the stabbing tools mounted on one or more beams are directed upwards. Any plastic or ductile aerated concrete block removed from the casting mold with an uncut state by means of a lifting device on the sides of the aerated concrete block as described in German Patent 1 208 671 or by means of a vacuum lifting device described in German Patent 1 584 426 above the beam. Since with this second conveying device the porous concrete block can be transported without the bottom of the casting mold, the underside of the porous concrete block is completely free and it is then possible to make recesses from below on the lower faces of the porous concrete block. When all the recesses are made in this manner, the porous concrete block is transferred to the cutting machine, and the desired number is cut in the transverse and longitudinal direction. During this cutting, it is below the support frame 26, which then serves the porous concrete blocks with the trolley 26.

porous concrete blocks, porous concrete block already transported cut

Industrial usability

In particular, the devices may not be cast or formed from porous concrete in any block production process, where the mass blocks are single.

Claims (7)

PATENT TOOLS Apparatus for making recesses, particularly gripping pockets, in the faces of non-cured porous concrete blocks, characterized in that the device comprises at least one grooving tool (4) movable with respect to the face (1) of the porous concrete block (2), the closed grooving ring strip (5), and the sheath surface (5a) of the grooving ring (5) is parallel to the direction of movement (A) of the grooving tool (4), and the outer contour of the grooving ring (5) corresponds to the inner contour of the recess and the grooving tool (4) is closed on its side facing the face (1) by a cover (6), and a sliding ejector (4) is mounted inside the grooving ring (5) relative to the grooving tool (4). 8), the outer contour of which corresponds to the inner contour of the groove ring (5) and the bell-shaped hollow space defined by the groove ring (5) and o cover (6) can be connected in time to the vacuum pump. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that a suction line (10) is connected to the ejector (8) and is connected to a vacuum source which is and terminates laterally to the end face. slidingly mounted in cover (6) (8a) ejector (8) facing It starts with the team. according to claim 1 or 2 of a groove ring with a retaining plate (11) movable to the groove ring (5) in the direction of movement provided with a cutout (13) for the groove ring (5) whose inner contour corresponds to the outer contour of the groove ring (5) . indicated by (5) is surrounded by (A) and is 4. Apparatus for making recesses, separate gripping pockets in the faces of porous concrete blocks of the apparatus, comprising at least a ring (15) with (15b) facing plastic, uncured, characterized in that one piercing tool (14) movable perpendicular to the face (1). a porous concrete block (2), which comprises a sheet metal strip in the form of a closed puncturing ring (15) and the skirt surface (15a) of the puncturing ring (15) is deflected at a slight apex angle relative to the direction of movement (A) x / so that the inner wall of the grooving cone extends in the direction of the cutting edge towards the face (1) of the aerated concrete block (2) and the outer contour of the grooving ring (5,15) corresponds to the inside of the groove produced by the recess (3). . Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the apex angle (>>) lies in the range of 1 ° to 6 °. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the apex angle β is approximately 3 ^α . Device according to one of Claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the grooving ring (15) has a height (H1) which is at least as large as the depth (Tf) of the recess (3) and the facing edge (15b) of the puncturing ring (15). with respect to the cutting edge (15a), a sleeve (16) is attached which is wider than the opposite edge (15b). Device according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the sheet metal thickness of the sheet metal strip is 0.3 to 2 mm, preferably about 0.5 mm. The device share one of Claims 1 to 8 v y z n a n e t í m, a woman beam (20) movable in the first Direction of movement / A / perpendicular to the front faces of several each other leads himself bushes provided aerated concrete blocks 2 / is in many leads himself a few stabbing points instruments / 4.14, /. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the puncturing tools (4,14) are adjustable in the direction of the row or along the length of the beam (20). Device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the beam (20) is movable in the other direction to his first movement (D), transverse to his length and perpendicular Direction of movement / A /. 12th The device share Claim 9 or 10, ..... our team, that not any k beams is arranged parallel leads themselves. 13th Equipment podie claim 12, v y z n a č e not that the distance between the beams is adjustable.