US1979626A

US1979626A - Means for manufacturing hollow building blocks, tiles, and bricks

Info

Publication number: US1979626A
Application number: US673778A
Authority: US
Inventors: Koidl Thomas
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1932-06-07
Filing date: 1933-05-31
Publication date: 1934-11-06
Anticipated expiration: 1951-11-06

Description

Nov. 6, 1934. T. KOIDL 1,979,626

MEANS FOR MANUFACTURING HOLLOW BUILDING BLOCKS, TILES, AND BRICKS Filed May 31, 1953 c7 Ka/Z/ pvvewFo K Patented Nov. 6, 1934 PATENT OFFICE MEANS FOR MANUFACTURING HOLLOW BUILDING BLOCKS, TILES, AND BRICKS Thomas Koidl, Hoheneggelsen, near Hildesheim, Germany Application May 31, 1933, Serial No. 673,778 In Austria June 7, 1932 6 Claims.

This invention relates to improved means for manufacturing hollow building blocks, tiles, bricks, and the like of clay and similar plastic substances. The device according to the invention consists essentially of a sleeve having a smooth inner and outer surface, the forward end of this sleeve taking the form of a cutting implement capable of cutting'into the'material of the blockor tile. This operative end of the 10 sleeve is so shaped as to providea constriction of the internal diameter of the sleeve at this point, and the degree of constriction is such that the operative end of the sleeve only takes in as much of the material of the work piece as can easily be discharged behind the constricted portion of the cutter. In this manner excessive contraction of the material, which re-expands somewhat after traversing the maximum constriction, is avoided, with the result that the excised plug does not seize or become jammed in the sleeve, and can be readily removed from the latter after severance. It follows that the hollow space in the primary block can be so dimensioned that the plug removed to form this space can in its turn be used as a block or as a blank for the manufacturing of a hollow brick or tile. The contraction of the plug effected during the cutting operation can also be so determined that the plug becomes elongatedand is of a final length greater than that of the hollow space formed in the primary block. It is in fact possible so to determine the extent of this contraction and consequent elongation that, for example in manufacturing a hollow brick of standard length with a solid end wall, the plug removed to form the hollow space constitutes a solid brick of standard dimensions.

A constructional example of the embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompany- 4 ing drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 gives a diagrammatic representation of the hollowing implement which constitutes the essential part of the device according to the invention.

Fig. 2 shows diagrammatically the type of means employed for the operation of the hollowing implement.

Figs. 3 and 4 show modifications of the hollowing implement, in detail views.

Referring to Fig. 1 in the form of construction shown the hollowing device consists of a full-walled sleeve 9 having smooth surfaces inside and outside. The forward end of this sleeve takes the form of a cutter and is provided with 55 a cutting edge a shaped to fulfil the requirement for which the implement is intended. The flank c of this cutter merges into an off-set portion 7, and alsoprevents the occurrence of frictional resistance between the plug e and the inside of the sleeve g. The plug of material engaged 2-0- by the cutter is compressed and is subjected to a smoothing and homogenizing action which is ,fully equivalent to the known finishing treatment of hollow bricks and tiles intended for use in facing work. This improvement or finishing of the surface of the plug e is ensured by the fact that there are no parts which project into the interior of the sleeve.

The diminution or tapering of the internaldiameterof the cutter can be so determined that the plug e is elongated by the amount e, as indicated in Fig. 1, this amount of elongation being equal, for example, to the thickness of the solid end, or closure wall of the block remaining after the removal of the plug, so that the plug e will be of the same length as a standard block or brick, provided the original hollowed block is of standard length. In short, it becomes possible, with the aid of the present invention, to vary the length of the plug obtained by suitable determination of the contraction of the plug during the cutting process.

Referring to Fig. 2, the sleeve y can be mounted by means of a holder i on a carriage 1', and can be adapted to be thrust forward by a simple arrangement of levers 10 into the material of the workpiece which is placed upon a suitable base Z. This arrangement of levers also actuates a severing knife m which is adapted to penetrate the work piece and to cut off the plug, and finally to be withdrawn simultaneously with the cutting sleeve. The severing implement is preferably dimensioned to suit the size of the plug. The cut left in one wall of the hollow block by this severing implement is of no consequence to the 5 severance and the outside atmosphere, so that there can be no tendency for the formation of a vacuum on the removal of the severed plug.

With the described arrangement the plug left in the retracted cutting sleeve is removed or is thrust out by the next working cycle. It is also possible to provide for the automatic removal of the plug, for example by the tilting of the sleeve between each working cycle and the next.

When a severing implement is used in conjunction with the hollowing cutter it can be advantageous, from the point of view of the ready extraction of the plug, to arrange for the hollowing cutter to terminate obliquely instead of, at right angles to the direction of the Working movement, and to arrange for the severing implement m to be so inserted that it effects the severing of the plug 6 at a point lying in front of the rearmost portion of the cutting edge but behind the foremost portion of this edge (see Fig. 3).

The simplified form of construction of the cutting sleeve shown in Fig. 4 is derived from the form shown in Fig. 1 by the omission of part or all of the body portion of the sleeve 9, so that merely the cutting edge a, the flanks c and d. and the off-set portion b remain, constituting the cutter proper. This cutter can be connected to operating mechanism of the type shown in Fig. 2, for example by holding means which occupy but very slight space and which, if desired, can be arranged to serve for the-supporting of the plug. This cutter can also be mounted in front of the orifice of a trace press, in which case the column emerging from' the orifice passes partly outside and partly through the cutter, thereby being divided into a core column and a hollow column.

' This method is useful, for example, in the manufacturing of bricks'which are hollow from end to end, and permits of the simultaneous production of solid bricks with an improved or finished surface, as above described, from the .core column. For the purpose of manufacturing hollow bricks with a plurality of hollow spaces or channels it is merely necessary to employ a suitable number of vcutters of the described nature.

I claim:

l; A device for the manufacturing of hollow and also solid building blocks, tiles, and bricks of plastic materials by the forcible insertion into a solid work piece of a hollow body adapted to separate a plug of material .therefrom, comprising in combination a hollow tubular member having smooth outer and'inner surfaces, a cutter formed integrally with the forward end of the said tubular member, and an inwardly extending off-set portion to the rear of the said cutter adapted to constrict the internal diameter of the said tubular member in the vicinity of the forward and operative end.

2. A device as claimed in claim 1 in which the said cutter is circumferentially uninterrupted while the said tubular member is reduced to portions thereof adjoining the cutter and adapted to serve for attachment and operation.

3. A device as claimed in claim 1 in which the said tubular member is tapered, the forward and operative end thereof being of larger cross-sectional area than the rear end thereof, and the cross-sectional area of this said rear end being greater than that of the said plug after the same has passed the said off-set portion of the cutter.

4. A device for the manufacturing of hollow and at the same time of solid building blocks, tiles, and bricks of plastic materials by the forcible insertion into a solid work piece of a hollow body adapted to separate a plug of material therefrom, comprising in combination a hollow tubular member having smooth outer and inner surfaces, a cutter formed integrally with the forform a plug therein, a severing implement corin timed relation so that the plug is severed as the 1 tubular member completes its movement into the material, the severing of the plug serves to open the interior of the work piece to the outside air as the plug is withdrawn by the withdrawal movement of the tubular member.

5. A device as claimed in claim 1 in which the said cutter is obliquely inclined to the middle axis of the said tubular member.

6. A device as claimed in claim 4 in which the said cutter is obliquely inclined to the middle axis of the said tubular member, and in which the plane of movement of the said severing implement lies intermediate the foremost and rearmost parts of the cutting edge of the said cutter.

THOMAS KOIDL.