SK179099A3 - Abrasive cleaning composition - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a non-liquid abrasive cleaning composition which comprises: a) 50-99.5 wt.% of one or more particulate abrassives, b) 0.5-15 wt.% of a C2-C6 alkanolamine, c) at least 0.1 wt.% of an electrolyte base other than alkanolamine, d) optionally 0.1-20 wt.% of one or more surfactants, and, e) optionally, 0.1-20 wt.% of a solvent other than water.

Description

The present invention relates to non-fluid abrasive compositions comprising a particulate abrasive for cleaning hard surfaces.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Hard surface cleaners containing abrasive particles are well known. Typical compositions comprise one or more surfactants in solution and a plurality of abrasive particles dissolved therein. Surfactants used in liquid abrasive cleaners include alkylbenzene sulfonates, alcohol sulfates, alcohol ethoxylates, alkylamidoethoxylates, fatty acid esters, and secondary alkyl sulfonates. Combinations of these surfactants together with electrolytes are generally used to form suspension systems as is well known in the art.

Solvents are well known components of non-abrasive cleaners. Typical solvents used in detergent compositions are alcohols (such as ethanol), ethers (such as Butyl Cellosolve ^(TM) ), paraffins (such as Isopar L ^(TM) ), esters and terpenes (such as d-limonene). Another known class of solvents are alkanolamines.

EP503219A (PG) relates to cleaning compositions containing from 0.1 to 10% alkanolamine. SU 883 169B (Ural. Chem. Ind. Res) discloses household cleaning compositions comprising triethanolamine and an abrasive. Typical abrasives used in these compositions are calcites and dolomites.

It has been found that the improved non-fluid abrasive cleaners can be formulated with significant levels of a C ₂ -C 6 alkanolamine and an electrolyte base other than an alkanolamine. The presence of alkanolamines is desirable because, at elevated pH, due to the basic alkanolamine, it may act as a solvent as well as another base to aid in the removal of severe contaminants. Thus, the present invention provides an abrasive cleaning composition that is effective in cleaning and storage stable.

2. Summary of the Invention

The present invention provides a non-fluid abrasive cleaning composition comprising:

(b) 50 to 95% by weight of one or more particulate abrasives having a Moh hardness of 2 or more;

b) 0.5 to 15% by weight of C ₂ -C ₆ alkanolamine.

c) at least 0.1% by weight of an electrolyte base other than an alkanolamine;

d) 0.1 to 20% by weight of one or more surfactants; and

e) optionally 0.1 to 20% by weight of a solvent other than water or an alkanolamine.

It is believed that in the presence of water, for example using a combination of a base and an alkanolamine, purification is improved.

The invention also relates to a light cleaning method (e.g., dish washing), which comprises the step of treating the cleaned articles with a composition of the invention.

In the context of the present invention, the non-flowable abrasive refers to articles in the form of a fast, gel or powder.

abrasives

The particulate abrasive phase is an essential component of the compositions of the present invention.

Preferably, the particulate phase comprises a particulate abrasive that is water soluble. Optionally, the abrasive may be soluble and present in such excess to the water present in the composition that the solubility of the abrasive in the aqueous phase is exceeded and consequently the solid abrasive in the composition.

Suitable abrasives may be selected from the group of zeolites, calcites, dolomites, feldspars, silica, silicates, other carbonates, aluminum oxides, bicarbonates, borates, sulfates, and polymeric materials such as polyethylene.

The abrasives used in the general purpose compositions have a Moh hardness of 2 or greater, preferably 2 to 6, although abrasives of greater hardness can be used for special applications.

Preferred average (weighted averages) particle sizes for abrasives fall in the range of 0.5 to 400 µm, with values of about 10 to 200 gm being preferred. Within this range, an acceptable compromise is achieved between good cleaning performance and low substrate damage.

Preferred abrasive levels are from 60 to 95% per composition, preferably in the range of 65 to 90%. The physical form of the product is affected by the level of abrasive present. Generally, compositions with higher levels of abrasives are powders, while compositions with lower levels are pastes. Just where the particulate abrasive composition changes from powder to paste with particulate abrasive present at lower levels is affected by the other ingredients present. From the preferred embodiments of the invention described below, it can be seen that the compositions become pastes when the abrasive level falls below 80-90% by weight.

The physical stability of the paste can be improved by the presence of a high level of abrasive. In this case, the abrasive level is greater than 80% by weight of the total composition.

Most preferred abrasives are calcium carbonate (such as calcite), mixtures of calcium and magnesium carbonates (such as dolomite), sodium bicarbonate, potassium sulfate, zeolite, alumina, hydrated alumina, feldspar, mica and quartz.

Limestone, feldspar and dolomite and mixtures thereof are particularly preferred because of their low cost, suitable hardness and color.

Alcanolamines

The alkanolamines for use in the compositions of this invention may be mono- or polyfunctional with respect to amine residues and hydroxy residues. Preferred alkanolamines are generally of the formula FhN-t-OH where R ¹ is a linear or branched alkyl chain of 2 to 6 carbon atoms. Preferred alkanolamines are:

2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, mono- di- and triethanolamine, mono- di- and tri-isopropanolamine, dimethyl-, diethyl or dibutylethanolamine and mixtures thereof.

Cyclic alkanolamines such as morpholine can also be used.

Particularly preferred alkanolamines are: 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, monoethanolamine and diethanolamine. These substances are believed to better clean the heavy and old contaminants. Of these, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) is particularly preferred.

Typical levels of alkanolamine in the compositions of the invention are in the range of 1 to 10% by weight. Higher levels are less desirable because of the cost and because they can damage certain plastics. It is particularly preferred to use 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol in an amount of 2 to 6% by weight.

Electrolyte base

Suitable electrolyte bases include soluble carbonates and bicarbonates, and the use of hydroxides and other alkaline salts is also not excluded. Alkali metal carbonates are particularly preferred, with potassium carbonate being most preferred.

Typical levels of electrolytes range from 0.5 to 5% by weight, with levels from 1 to 2.5% by weight being particularly preferred. The electrolyte level should be such that upon ingestion, the pH of the composition is increased above the pKa of the alkanolamine and preferably to a pH of at least one unit above the pKa of the alkanolamine. Whether the pH reaches the desired level can be determined by foaming a 50% suspension (% by weight) of the composition with water and measuring the pH.

The electrolyte may also have an additional function in compositions containing relatively low abrasive levels, especially when the abrasive level is below 75% of the product and / or where the product is in the form of a paste. It is believed that when the level of abrasive in the compositions is reduced, the compositions will gradually become less stable and the tendency of the compositions to split into two phases increases. This can be overcome by using potassium carbonate as the electrolyte and adding water to the composition.

In compositions comprising potassium carbonate and water, it is preferred that the abrasive is a feldspar. It is believed that the ion exchange between potassium carbonate and other preferred abrasives (especially dolomite)

By gradually buffering the composition, thereby lowering the pH and possibly reducing the effectiveness of the composition.

Surfactants

The composition of the invention may contain detergent active ingredients which are typically selected from both zionic and nonionic detergent active ingredients. The surfactant is not an essential part of the compositions, but provides the foaming that is normally expected by consumers and can provide additional cleaning effect on certain contaminants. Under certain conditions, the presence of a surfactant may aid in the structure of the article.

Suitable anionic detergent actives are the water-soluble salts of organic reaction products of sulfur having an alkyl radical of from 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the molecular structure and a radical selected from sulfonic acid or a sulfuric ester and mixtures thereof.

Examples of suitable anionic detergent actives are the sodium and potassium salts of alcohol sulfates, especially those obtained by sulfating higher alcohols prepared by reducing tallow glycerides and coconut oil; sodium and potassium salts of alkylbenzenesulfonates, for example those in which the alkyl group contains from 9 to 15 carbon atoms; sodium and potassium salts of secondary alkanesulfonates; sodium alkyl glyceryl ether sulfates, special ethers of higher alcohols derived from tallow and coconut oil; coconut oil fatty acid monoglyceride sulfate; sodium and potassium salts of sulfuric acid esters from the reaction product of 1 mole of a higher fatty alcohol and from 1 to 6 moles of ethylene oxide; sodium and potassium salts of alkylphenolethylene oxide ether sulfate having 1 to 8 units of ethylene oxide molecules in which the alkyl radicals contain from 1 to 14 carbon atoms; a reaction product of fatty acids esterified with isethionic acid and neutralized with sodium hydroxide, wherein, for example, the fatty acids are derived from coconut oil and mixtures thereof.

Preferred water-soluble synthetic anionic detergent actives are alkali metal salts (such as sodium and potassium) and alkaline earth metals (such as calcium and magnesium) of higher alkylbenzene sulfonates and mixtures of olefin sulfonates and higher alkyl sulfates, and higher fatty acid monoglyceride sulfates. Most preferably,

The 6-ionic detergent active compounds are higher aromatic alkyl sulfonates, for example higher alkylbenzenesulfonates containing from 6 to 20 carbon atoms in a straight or branched chain alkyl group, specific examples of which are sodium salts of higher alkylbenzenesulfonates or higher alkylthiolene, xylene or phenolsulfononium sulfonate sulfonates, sulfonate sulfonates.

The amount of synthetic anionic detergent active to be included in the detergent composition of the invention will generally be up to 20%, more preferably from 2 to 15% by weight.

Suitable nonionic detergent actives can be described as compounds formed by the condensation of alkylene oxide groups that are hydrophilic in nature with an organic hydrophobic compound, which may be aliphatic or aromatic alkyl. The length of the hydrophilic, for example, polyoxyalkylene radical, which is condensed with a hydrophobic group can be readily adjusted to obtain a water-soluble compound having the desired degree of equilibrium between the hydrophobic and hydrophobic elements.

Certain examples include the condensation product of aliphatic alcohols having 8 to 22 carbon atoms in either a straight or branched chain configuration with ethylene oxide, such as a coconut oil and ethylene oxide condensate having from 2 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of coconut oil; alkylphenol condensates having an alkyl group of from 6 to 12 carbon atoms with 5 to 25 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkylphenol; condensates of the reaction product of ethylenediamine and propylene oxide with ethylene oxide; condensates containing from 40 to 80% by weight of polyoxyethylene radicals having a molecular weight of from 5,000 to 11,000; tertiary amine oxides of the formula R ₃ NO, wherein one R group is an alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms and the others are each a methyl, ethyl or hydroxyethyl group, for example dimethyldodecylamine oxide; tertiary phosphine oxides of the formula R 3 PO, wherein one R group is an alkyl group having 10 to 18 carbon atoms and the others are each an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, for example dimethyldodecyl phosphine oxide; and dialkyl sulfoxides of the formula R 2 SO, where R is an alkyl group of 10 to 18 carbon atoms and the others are methyl or ethyl, for example

-7metyltetradecylsulfoxid; fatty acid alkylolamides; alkylene oxide condensates of fatty acid alkylolamides and alkyl mercaptans.

The amount of nonionic detergent active to be used in the detergent composition of the invention is generally from 0.5 to 15% by weight, preferably from 5 to 10% by weight.

Optionally, amphoteric, cationic or zwitterionic detergent active ingredients can also be used in the compositions of the invention.

Suitable amphoteric detergent actives which may optionally be used are derivatives of aliphatic secondary or tertiary amines containing an alkyl group of 8 to 18 carbon atoms and an aliphatic radical substituted with an anionic water-soluble group, for example sodium 3-dodecylamino-propionate, sodium 3-dodecylaminopropanecyanopropionate and sodium N-2-hydroxydodecyl-N-methyltaurate.

Suitable zwitterionic detergent active compounds which may optionally be used are derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, sulfonium and phosphonium compounds which contain an aliphatic radical of 8 to 18 carbon atoms and an aliphatic radical substituted with an anionic water-soluble group, for example 3 (N, N-dimethyl). N-hexadecylammonium) propane-1-sulfonate-betaine, 3- (dodecylmethylsulfonium) -propane-1-sulfonate-betaine and 3- (cetylmethylphosphonium) ethanesulfonate-betaine.

Further examples of preferred detergent active ingredients are compounds commonly used as surfactants, listed in the well-known manuals "Schwartz and Perry Volumes I" and Schwartz, Perry Volks and Berch, "Active Active Agents".

The total amount of detergent active to be used

Even in the detergent composition according to the invention it is generally from 1.5 to 20%, preferably from 2 to 15% by weight.

solvents

Solvents other than AMP may be used in the compositions of the invention. Suitable solvents are saturated and unsaturated, linear or branched hydrocarbons and / or compounds of the general formula:

-8R ¹ -O- (EO) _m - (PO) _n -R ² wherein R ¹ and R ² are independently C 1-6 alkyl or a hydrogen atom, but not both hydrogen atoms, m and n are independently 0 to 5.

Preferred solvents are selected from the group consisting of C _{0 6} Hi terpenes, C10C16 straight chain paraffins and glycol ethers.

Preferred glycol ethers include diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, monoethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, propylene glycol n-butyl ether, and mixtures thereof.

Preferred terpenes include d-limonene. Preferred paraffins include a substance available on the market under the name "Shelsol-T ^frM) ".

Typical amounts of solvent are from 1 to 15% by weight. It is particularly preferred to use terpines in an amount of 1 to 3% by weight. Some of these terpenes, such as limonene, have the additional advantage of repelling insects. Terpene compounds have been shown to have superior properties below pH

11. Straight-chain paraffins can be used in higher amounts than terpenes because they are less aggressive to plastics. Paraffins are believed to exhibit superior properties at pH above 11.

Glycol ethers are more preferred than the other solvents, with typical amounts of 5 to 10% by weight per composition, with diethylene glycol monobutyl ether being most preferred.

It is preferred that the ratio of alkanolamine to solvent falls within the range of 3: 1 to 1: 3, with ratios of 1: 1 to 1: 3 being most preferred.

Preferably, a portion of the solvent may be added as a perfume component, although the desired solvent levels generally require the addition of larger amounts of this component, which would normally be present as a perfume component in detergent compositions. Preferably, dedicated terpenes such as limonene having a pleasant citrus aroma are used for this purpose, while the paraffins and glycol ethers are odorless.

Rheology and structuring agents

As described above, the compositions of the invention may be in the form of a paste, gel or powder. Suitable rheological control agents may be present

Especially when the compositions contain significant amounts of water or low viscosity surfactants. These control agents include fumed silica and kaolins.

It has been found that 1 to 2% by weight of fumed silica are sufficient to stabilize the paste. Aerosil 380 (TM) is a suitable structuring agent.

It has also been found that the addition of 1 to 8% water may also be sufficient to stabilize formulations which are prone to distribution.

Compositions containing mixed surfactant systems are also considered to be phase separation stable. It has been found that formulations containing a nonionic surfactant based on ethoxylated alcohols as well as a nonionic alkyl polyglucoside (APG) surfactant are stable to phase separation.

The compositions of the present invention may optionally contain polymeric structuring agents to assist in providing suitable rheological properties and to increase their distribution and adhesion of the composition to the hard surface to be cleaned.

Preferred structuring agents are polysaccharides such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose and other chemically modified cellulosics, xanthan gum, and other non-flocculating structuring agents such as the PS87 Biopolymer, which is described in US Patent No. 5,901,549. Certain polymers such as an acrylic acid polymer cross-linked with a polyfunctional agent, for example, CARBOPOL®, can also be used as structuring agents. The amount of such structuring agents to be used in the compositions of the invention may be at least 0.001%, preferably at least 0.1% by weight of the composition.

In general, the composition of the invention may optionally contain 0.1 to 1% polymer.

Additional ingredients

The composition of the invention may contain other ingredients which promote cleaning properties. For example, the composition may comprise a detergent builder other than special water-soluble salts as defined, such as

For example, nitriloacetates, polycarboxylates, citrates, dicarboxylic acids, water-soluble phosphates, especially polyphosphates, mixtures of ortho- and pyrophosphates, zeolites and mixtures thereof. Such detergent acrivatives may additionally act as abrasives when present in an amount exceeding their solubility in water. In general, when a detergent builder other than a special water-soluble salt is used, it preferably constitutes from 0.1 to 25% by weight of the composition.

Sequester forming metal ions such as ethylenediaminetetraacetates, aminopolyphosphonates (DEQUEST ^R ) and phosphates and a wide variety of other polyfunctional organic acids and salts may optionally also be included, provided that they are compatible with the abrasive.

The compositions according to the invention may also contain, in addition to the aforementioned components, various other optional ingredients such as colorants, bleaching agents, optical brighteners, soil release agents, laundry enzymes, compatible bleaching agents (especially hypohalides), bactericides and preservatives (e.g. , 2-benzisothiazolin-3-one).

I

Preferred means

Preferred compositions of the invention include:

(a) 70 to 90% by weight, preferably 75 to 80% by weight, of one or more particulate abrasives selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, feldspar and mixtures thereof;

b) 1 to 6% by weight, preferably 2 to 6% by weight of an alkanolamine selected from the group consisting of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, mono- di- and triethanolamine, mono-, di- and triisopropanolamine, dimethyl- , diethyl or dibutylethanolamine and mixtures thereof,

c) 0.5 to 5% by weight, preferably 1 to 5% by weight, of an alkali metal carbonate or bicarbonate electrolyte,

d) 2 to 10% by weight, preferably 5 to 10% by weight of one or more surfactants; and

e) 2 to 10% by weight, preferably 5 to 15% by weight of a glycol ether solvent.

The invention will be described below with reference to the following non-limiting examples.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In the following examples:

Imbentine 91 3.5 OFA is a fatty alcohol with an average carbon chain length of C ₉ to C 11 and an average degree of ethoxylation at 5 mol EO (trademark ex Libran Chemicals Ltd).

Glucopan 600 CS / UP HH is an alkylpolyglycoside with an average carbon chain length of C ₁₂ to C 14 (trademark ex Henkel).

AMP is 2-amino 2-methyl-1-propanol.

Dolomite is a mixture of magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate.

Example 1 - Basic compositions

Formulations P1 to P3 were prepared according to Table 1 below.

Table 1

Folder% P1 P2 P3 Dolomite (abrasive) 90 75 70 Imbentin 91 3.5 OFA (TM) 4.3 10.7 5, 27 Glucopon 600 CS / UP HH - - 5.27 AMP 1.7 4.3 4.22 Butyl Digol 3.4 8.6 8.43 Anhydrous potassium carbonate 0.6 1.4 1.32 Water - up to 100%

The composition was prepared by premixing the liquid components, then K ₂ CO ₃ was added to the dolomite followed by the premixed liquid.

Example 12 P1 was a powder. P1 did not show component separation. Example P3 was a paste, P2 was also a paste.

From the above results, it can be seen that stable compositions can be prepared from both simple and mixed surfactant systems.

Example 2 - Use of fumed silica

The following mixtures were formulated:

Table 2

Folder% P2 P2A P2B P2C dolomite 75 75 57 75 Imbentin (TM) 10.8 10.54 10.32 9.89 Butyl Digol 8.6 8.43 8.26 7.91 AMP 4.3 4,21 4.13 3.96 K ₂ CO ₃ 1.3 1.32 1.29 1.24 Aerosil 380 (TM) fumed silica - 0.5 1.0 2.0 pH after 24 hours 50% suspension 11.9 - 11.4 11.2

The compositions were prepared as described above, then Aerosil 380 was carefully mixed.

The physical appearance of the fumed silica compositions remained unchanged for several months. The fumed silica formulation (Aerosil 380 ™) was not stable. From these results it can be seen that fumed silica is an effective stabilizer.

Example 3 - Use of water to achieve stability

-13 A sample of P2 was taken and a small amount of water was added. The water increased the apparent viscosity of the sample and no separation was evident for 60 hours.

The samples of Example P2 were taken and various amounts of water were added. The appearance of the samples was recorded for 24 hours and the stability of the samples was monitored for several weeks. The results are shown in Table 3.

Table 3

% water added to P2 after 24 hours 0 clear layer separation (CLS) 1.96 no CLS 3.85 no CLS 5.66 no CLS 7.41 glossy surface, but not CLS 9.09 CLS 10.71 CLS

CLS = clear layer separation

Samples not showing clear layer separation after 24 hours remained stable for the duration of the experiment (about 2 months). The experiment was successfully repeated with Dobanol 91-8 (TM), which replaced Imbentin 91 3.5.

Example 4 - Preferred electrolyte

A preferred electrolyte is soluble carbonate. By way of illustration, these two additional samples were prepared by replacing potassium carbonate with 1 mol per 1 mol of either potassium sulfate (P2i) or potassium iodide (P2j). Each sample was then divided into a 50 g sample, various amounts of water were added, and stability was monitored for 24 hours.

-14Table 4

sample Appearance after 24 hours 50g P2 + 0,5g water Thick. Shiny surface. No CLS. 50g P2 + 1,0g water Thick. Holding shape. No CLS. 50g P2 + 2,0g water Thick. Holding shape. No CLS. 50g P2i (K ₂ SO ₄ ) It flows. CLS. 50g P2i + 0,5g water It flows. CLS. 50g P2i + 1,0g water It flows. CLS. 50g P2i + 2,0g water It flows. CLS. 50g P2j It flows. CLS. 50g P2j + 0,5g water It flows. CLS. 50g P2j + 1,0g water It flows. CLS. 50g P2j + 2,0g water It flows. CLS.

Potassium carbonate is a hydratable salt. Potassium sulphate and potassium iodide are not hydratable. The experiment was repeated by replacing anhydrous potassium carbonate with other anhydrous but hydratable salts, namely sodium carbonate (P2k) and sodium sulfate (P2I).

Table 5

sample Appearance after 24 hours 50g P2k (Na ₂ CO ₃ ) CLS flows. 50g P2k + 1,0g water Reduced CLS. 50g P2k + 2,0g water Reduced CLS. 50g P2I (Na ₂ SO ₄ ) It flows. CLS. 50g P2I + 1.0g water It flows. CLS. 50g P2I + 2.0g water It flows. CLS.

Samples of sodium carbonate after addition of water showed a reduction in the amount of clear layer separation compared to the original sample, but they were not as dense as potassium carbonate. The physical stability of the sodium sulfate sample was not improved by the addition of water.

The above experiment was repeated using instead of the hydrated potassium carbonate (K ₂ CO ₃ .1 _^1/2 H ₂ O Sample P2m) rather than the anhydrous salt.

Table 6

sample Appearance after 24 hours 50g P2m (K ₂ CO 3. / ₂ H ₂ O) It flows. CLS. 50g P2m + 1,0g water Thick. Holding shape. No CLS. 50g P2m + 2,0g water Thick. Holding shape. No CLS.

These results have shown that potassium carbonate can be used in either anhydrous or hydrated form. However, it should be noted that the use of a hydrated salt does not exclude the need to add water to thicken the sample when small amounts of carbonates are used.

Example 5 - Use of various abrasives The pH of a 50% suspension according to Example P2 and 2% water was measured initially and then for several weeks, the suspensions being always fresh when the pH was measured. It was found that the pH of the water-containing samples decreased within a few weeks.

The abrasive of Example P2 was replaced with feldspar (potassium aluminosilicate). 2% water was added to one sample and the pH was monitored as above. Initially, the pH of both samples was 11.9. After ten days, the pH of the non-water sample was 11.7, while the pH of the water sample was 11.8. Thus, there was no decrease in pH.

Example 6 - Foam formation

Samples with the composition of Table 7 were prepared. Examples were evaluated according to their foaming properties as shown in Table 8.

Table 7

sample P2O p2p P2Q Imbentin 91 35 10 - - Butyl Digol 8 8 8 AMP 4 4 4 K2CO3 (anhydrous) 1.25 1.25 1.25 Dolomite 70 70 70 AOS - 10 - LAS - - 10 Water - do 10,0 -

wherein AOS is an alkylolefin sulfonate

LAS is sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate

To determine foaming, the samples to be tested were diluted to 0.04% active ingredient content with a 1: 4 mixture of Prenton water to demineralized water, resulting in a water hardness of ~ 5 ° FH. The diluted samples were kept at 45 ° C. A 100 ml sample was placed in the plunger cylinder and 0.2 ml of normal soil contamination was added until the foam disappeared. The number of aliquots at which the foam "disappeared" was determined. Each sample was tested four times and the mean and standard deviation was calculated.

-17Table 8

sample average number of pollution aligvots standard deviation P2 8 0.8 P3 20.75 0.5 I know ultra powder 14.25 1.0 I know ultra paste 17.25 1.0 P2o (Imbentin) 8.75 1.0 P2p 18.25 1.3 P2q (LAS) 23.5 1.7

Claims (8)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. A non-fluid abrasive cleaning composition comprising: (a) 50 to 95% by weight of one or more particulate abrasives with a Moh hardness of 2 or more; b) 0.5 to 15% by weight of C ₂ -C ₆ alkanolamine. c) at least 0.1% by weight of an electrolyte base selected from soluble carbonates or bicarbonates; d) 0.1 to 20% by weight of one or more surfactants; and e) optionally 0.1 to 20% by weight of a solvent other than water. A non-fluid abrasive cleaning composition according to claim 1, wherein the amount of abrasive is 60 to 95% by weight of the total composition. 3. The non-fluid abrasive cleaning composition of claim 1 wherein the abrasive is selected from the group consisting of limestone, feldspar, dolomite, and mixtures thereof. A non-fluid abrasive cleanser according to claim 1 wherein the alkanolamine is selected from the group consisting of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, mono- di- and triethanolamine, mono-, di- and triisopropanolamine, dimethyl -, diethyl or dibutylethanolamine and mixtures thereof. ¹ 5. A non-fluid abrasive cleaning composition according to claim 1 wherein the electrolyte is an alkali metal carbonate. 6. A non-fluid abrasive cleaning composition according to claim 1, wherein the solvent other than water or AMP comprises saturated and unsaturated, straight or branched bicarbonates and / or compounds of the general formula: R ¹ -O- (EO) _m - (PO) n - R ² wherein R ¹ and R ² are independently C 1-7 alkyl or a hydrogen atom, but not both hydrogen atoms, and m are independently 0 to 5. 7. A non-fluid abrasive cleaning composition as claimed in claim 1 comprising: (a) 70 to 90% by weight of one or more particulate abrasives, selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, feldspar and mixtures thereof; b) 1 to 6% by weight of an alkanolamine selected from the group consisting of 2-amino- 2-methyl-1-propanol, mono- di- and triethanolamine, mono-, di- and triisopropanolamine, dimethyl-, diethyl- or dibutylethanolamine and mixtures thereof, c) 0.5 to 5% by weight of an alkali metal carbonate or bicarbonate electrolyte; (d) 2 to 10% by weight of one or more surfactants; and e) 2 to 10% by weight of a glycol ether solvent. A lightweight cleaning method comprising the step of treating articles to be cleaned with the composition of any one of claims 1 to 7.