SK122899A3 - SQUARE OR RECTANGULAR ROADWORK DEVICE COMPRISING A SUPPORT FRAMEì (54) AND A COVERING ELEMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

The frame (1) has two horizontal bearing surfaces (6A, 6B) and two sloping support surfaces (6C, 6D) adapted to co-operate with matching support surfaces (12A, 12B, 12C, 12D) integral with the covering element. The sloping support surfaces (6C, 6D, 12C, 12D) slope downwards towards the horizontal support surfaces (6A, 6B, 12A, 12B) opposite the sloping support surfaces (6C, 6D), and the frame (1) is provided with stop means (8, 9; 14A, 14B) which, when the covering element (2) is subjected to the action of a vertical force applied on some point, co-operate with matching stop means (13; 15A, 15B) integral with the covering element (2) so as to cause the latter to turn about said stop means (8, 9; 14A, 14B) of the frame (1) until it reaches a position of stable equilibrium in which the covering element (2) rests with its four support surfaces (12A, 12B, 12C, 12D) on the corresponding support surfaces (6A, 6B, 6C, 6D) of the frame (1).

Description

Shaft cover on streets and sidewalks

Technical field

The invention relates to a shaft cover on streets and sidewalks with two main elements of generally square or rectangular shape, a frame embedded in the ground and a cover element, in particular a lid or lattice, mounted on the frame, the frame being provided with two supporting supports near its two corners. horizontal surfaces and near the other two corners with inclined abutment surfaces to cooperate with similar abutment surfaces on the inside of the cover element, wherein the inclined abutment surfaces are inclined downwardly and the frame is provided with a stop cooperating with a corresponding projection on the cover element. In particular, the invention relates to a cover for closing inlet wells or wells for observing water sources or channels at the level of a pavement or covers for closing waste channels, for example grilles.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A cover of the above type has already been described, for example, in GB 2120303. This cover is also provided with a lid which is not, however, placed in a stable position on the frame. If a vertical force is applied to the equilibrium triangle formed by the two corners of the lid and the center of the opposite side, the lid does not move. However, if the vertical force acts outside this triangle, which may occur, for example, on a pedestrian crossing or a cyclist crossing, the lid may lift slightly on the side opposite the force application point. This places the lid in an unstable position, rocking and causing noise.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a cover of the type mentioned above which is free of the disadvantages associated with the known type of cover.

2. Summary of the Invention

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a cover for shafts on streets and sidewalks with two main elements of generally square or rectangular shape, a frame embedded in the ground and a cover element, in particular a lid or lattice, mounted on the frame. horizontal surfaces and near the other two corners with oblique abutment surfaces to cooperate with similar abutment surfaces on the inside of the cover element, wherein the inclined abutment surfaces are angled downwardly and the frame is provided with a stop cooperating with a corresponding projection on the cover element; the corresponding means for reaching the stop are designed so that if the lid is externally applied by a vertical force at any point, the frame stop cooperates with a corresponding projection on the lid to adjust the reaction by the horizontal component of the force to the stop via the inclined support surfaces rotating the lid about the frame stop means until a stable equilibrium position is reached in which the lid is supported by its four abutment surfaces on the four corresponding surfaces of the frame.

The cover according to the invention may have one or more of the following features:

the inclined support surfaces of the frame and the corresponding inclined support surfaces of the lid have the same inclination in the range of 20 to 60 ° with respect to the horizontal plane, the means for reaching the stop are located halfway between the horizontal support surfaces, these means being formed by a substantially vertical projection cooperating by a stopper and at least partially extending into a substantially vertical recess of the second main housing element, the projection is in the form of a triangular prism designed to engage a notch of a corresponding shape in the stopper on the second main housing element,

-3 the protrusion has a convex profile to cooperate with a corresponding concave stop profile, the protrusion has a triangular prism shape intended to cooperate with a concave detent profile, the recess has a triangular prism shape to cooperate with a convex profile of the corresponding detent, means for reaching the frame consists of two faces which are vertically or inclined downwards and are symmetrical to the median plane perpendicular to the side wall of the frame, adjacent to two horizontal abutment surfaces, said faces being intended to cooperate with two corresponding faces on the cover member, each the slanted surface of the animal with a side wall angle of 20 to 60 °, the supporting horizontal surfaces of the frame are triangular in shape and each has a side facing the interior space of the frame slanted with respect to the side walls or slanted downwards to form two slanted surfaces azu at the frame level.

The invention also includes a frame and a cover element, in particular a lattice or a lid.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 schematically shows, prior to assembly, the two main elements of the housing according to the invention.

Fig. 2 schematically shows a second embodiment of a cover according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The cover shown schematically in FIG. 1 is intended to be laid at pavement level or on comparable surfaces, for example in car parks where

-4 Allows entry or observation of various bodies buried underground and ensures their safe closure.

As can be seen from the drawing, this cover is formed by two parts, a frame 1 and a lid 2, both of which are shown in the drawing before assembly.

The frame 1 has a generally square or rectangular shape and consists of a vertical casing 3 provided with a peripheral washer (not shown) at its edges by means of which the frame 1 can be fixed underground, for example by concrete and the like.

Two opposite corners 4A. 4B of the frame 1 are provided with respective abutments 5A, 5B parallel to the horizontal plane, thereby defining two horizontal abutment surfaces 6A, 6B, which are disposed approximately half the height of the housing 3.

The other two corners 4C, 4D are provided with respective oblique abutment projections 5C, 5D, thereby defining two oblique abutment surfaces 6C, 6D which are arranged in the same plane and form an angle α of between 20 and 60 with the horizontal plane. °.

Halfway between the two horizontal abutment surfaces 6A. 6B, the side wall 7 is provided with a stop 8 in which a substantially vertical recess 9, which is substantially V-shaped, is opened towards the interior of the frame 1 and generally triangular-shaped. The purpose of this element will be explained below.

The lid 2 is essentially a flat plate 10 of square or rectangular shape with dimensions slightly smaller than the inner dimensions of the housing 3 and the frame 1.

The lid 2 is provided with four 11A support lugs at its corners. 11B. 11C. 11D. mounted on the inner side of the flat plate 10 and intended to cooperate with four corresponding supporting projections 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D of the frame 1. Said projections have a height such that the surface of the plate 10 is mounted on the upper edge of the housing 3 of the frame 1.

-5 Two Supporting Protrusions 11A. 11B of the lid 2 form respective support surfaces 12A. 12B. which come into contact with the corresponding abutment surfaces 6A at rest. 6B, the inclined abutment surfaces 12C are simultaneously contacted. 12D with corresponding inclined abutment surfaces 6C. Thus, the inclined surfaces on both parts are inclined in the same way with respect to the horizontal plane at the aforementioned angle α.

In the middle distance between the support lugs 11A and 11B, the lid 2 is provided with a lug 13 intended to cooperate with the recess 9 of the stop 8.

In the example shown, the protrusion 13 has a triangular prism shape and is intended to be inserted into a corresponding prism-shaped recess 9 on the frame 1.

This particular arrangement, consisting in the formation of inclined surfaces, cooperating with the corresponding inclined surfaces on the second part of the device, together with the corresponding stop 8 and the protrusion 13, results in a stable 4-point system so that the lid 2 always rests with its 4 abutment surfaces 12A. . 12B. 12C. 12D on corresponding abutment surfaces 6A. 6B. 6C. 6D Frame 1. If the force is applied in the vertical direction at any point, this situation will not change.

When a force is applied in the vertical direction to the lid 2 at a certain point, it becomes destabilized at 3 points, so that for a complete stabilization it is necessary to achieve a bearing at the fourth point. Thus, 3 opposite reactions of the frame 1 occur simultaneously. Two of these reactions, induced on the horizontal abutment surfaces 6A. 6B are vertical and facing upwards. However, the third reaction is perpendicular to the inclination of the inclined support surface, creating a horizontal and vertical component, with the horizontal component engaging the detent 8, thereby achieving an equilibrium state of its cooperation with the corresponding projection.

To achieve this, the vertical projection 13 of the lid 2 and the recess 9 in the stop 8 are provided in the form of a hinge allowing the lid 2 to rotate easily in the plane in which it is received. Thus, applying a vertical downward force causes the lid 2 to rotate slightly relative to the stop 8, thereby contacting the other two inclined abutment surfaces on the lid 2 and the frame 1 and re-stabilizing the lid 2.

Thus, in the equilibrium state, the horizontal components induced by the reaction to the application of the vertical force are counterbalanced by the horizontal reaction resulting from the mutual contact of the projection 13 and the stop 8.

Upon reaching an equilibrium state in which the lid 2 rests simultaneously with its 4 abutment surfaces 52A, 12B. 12C. 12D on corresponding abutment surfaces 6A. 6B, 6C. 6D of the frame 6 can no longer cause oscillating movements and noise.

In FIG. 1, the recess 9 of the stop 8 is in the form of a triangular prism as well as a corresponding projection 13 on the lid 2. The profiles of these V-shaped elements allow the two parts to move relative to each other so that the recess 9 serves as a bearing.

Obviously, the two cooperating portions, protrusion 61 and recess 9 could also have a different shape, for example protrusion 61 could have a convex profile or V-shape cooperating with a corresponding concave recess or could also be a convex shape whose the arc could rest on a V-shaped recess

In another possible embodiment, the fit of both parts could be k

the projection 83 and the recess 9 on the frame 8 and the lid 2 opposite, so that the projection 83 would be supported on the frame 8 and the recess 9 on the lid 2.

In a further possible embodiment, it could be advantageous to achieve modifications such that the lid 2 is not supported during assembly. In particular, it is an embodiment in which the entire device has a square shape. In this case, it is possible to provide the ends of each side wall and the lid with horizontal support elements such that when the lid is rotated by 90 °, 4 support surfaces of the lid always coincide with the 4 support surfaces of the frame in each mounting position.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is slightly different from the embodiment of FIG. The difference is that the frame 6 and the lid 2 are provided with means for reaching the stop having a triangular shape.

The frame 6 is provided with two horizontal support projections 5A, 5B of a triangular shape in its interior space, one substantially vertical wall 14A. 14B is inclined with respect to the side wall 7.

This results in two inclined surfaces 14A. 14B. forming means to the stop and positioned symmetrically with respect to the median vertical plane, perpendicular to the side wall 7, forming an angle β of 20 to 60 ° with it, preferably 45 °.

Accordingly, the lid 2 is also provided with two inclined surfaces 15A. 15B. designed to cooperate with corresponding inclined surfaces 14A, 14B to provide means for reaching the stop.

If the bearing 2 is subjected to a downward force in the vertical direction, the lid is destabilized again and stability at the fourth point must be achieved. In this case, there is a reaction in which the horizontal component runs parallel to the frame wall. This horizontal reaction can be offset by horizontal reactions that occur perpendicular to the inclined surfaces 14A. 14B by contacting them with respective inclined surfaces 15A. 15B lid 2.

To compensate for this, it is necessary for the lid 2 to come into contact with the fourth protrusion, i.e. the second inclined surface, to induce a reaction with the horizontal component to achieve the equilibrium state of the entire system.

This contact with the fourth projection can be achieved by slightly rotating the lid 2 in the horizontal plane by rotating it around the means for reaching the stop formed by the inclined surfaces 14A. 14B of the frame 1.

In this way, it is possible to achieve a stable state in which the lid 2 rests simultaneously with its four abutment surfaces 12A. 12B. 12C. 12D on corresponding four abutment surfaces 6A. 6B, 6C, 6D of the frame 1, so that any rocking of the lid is excluded.

It should be noted that by rotating the lid 2 in the bearing plane, its stability can be found and maintained at 4 points, which in this second embodiment is made possible by the presence of the inclined surfaces 14A, 14B of the frame 1 and the corresponding inclined surfaces 15A, 15B of the lid 2.

These inclined surfaces are not necessarily vertical, but may be inclined downwards.

Finally, the inclined surfaces 14A, 14B of the frame 1 and the inclined surfaces 15A, 15B of the lid 2 can be separated from the horizontal projections and positioned symmetrically with respect to the median plane perpendicular to the side wall 7.

Claims (9)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Shaft cover on streets and sidewalks with two main elements of a generally square or rectangular shape, a frame laid in the ground and a cover element, in particular a lid or lattice, mounted on the frame, the frame being provided with two horizontal horizontal supports near its two corners surfaces and in proximity of the other two corners with oblique abutment surfaces to cooperate with similar abutment surfaces on the inside of the cover element, wherein the inclined abutment surfaces are angled downwardly and the frame is provided with a stop cooperating with a corresponding projection on the cover element, characterized in that the means for reaching the stop (8, 9, 14A, 14B) and the corresponding means for reaching the stop (13, 15A, 15B) are designed such that if the lid is externally applied by a vertical force at any point, the frame stop cooperates with the corresponding a projection on the lid to adjust the lid by the reaction induced by the horizontal component of the force to the stop over the inclined abutment surfaces by rotating the lid around the stop means (8, 9, 14A, 14B) on the frame (1) until a stable equilibrium position is reached in which the lid (2) is supported by its four abutment surfaces (12A, 12B) , 12C, 12D) on 4 corresponding surfaces (6A, 6B, 6C, 6D) of the frame (1). Cover according to Claim 1, characterized in that the inclined support surfaces (6C, 6D) of the frame (1) and the corresponding inclined support surfaces (12C, 12D) of the lid (2) have a common inclination of 20 to 60 ° with respect to the horizontal plane. Cover according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the means (8, 9, 13) for reaching the stop on the frame (1) and the lid (2) are arranged at half the distance between the corresponding horizontal abutment surfaces (6A, 6B). 12A, 12B) and are formed by a projection (13) mounted on one of the main portions and designed at least partially to cooperate with a recess (9) of the stop (8) mounted on the other portion. -94. The cover according to claim 3, characterized in that the projection (13) has the shape of a triangular prism for cooperation with the recess (9) also in the form of a triangular prism in a corresponding stop. I A cover according to claim 3, characterized in that the projection has a convex profile intended to cooperate with a corresponding concave recess. Cover according to claim 3, characterized in that the projection is in the form of a triangular prism with an edge intended to cooperate with the concave profile of the corresponding recess. Cover according to claim 3, characterized in that the recess has the shape of a triangular prism for cooperation with a corresponding convex profile of the projection. Cover according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the stop means mounted on the frame (1) are formed by two surfaces (14A, 14B) vertically or obliquely downwards arranged symmetrically with respect to the median plane perpendicular to the median plane. a side wall (7) of the frame (1) adjacent to two horizontal support surfaces (6A, 6B) and intended to cooperate with corresponding inclined surfaces (15A, 15B) of the lid (2). Cover according to claim 8, characterized in that each inclined surface (14A, 14B) of the frame (1) forms an angle of 20 to 60 ° with the side wall (7). Cover according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the two horizontal abutment surfaces (6A, 6B) of the frame (1) are triangular in shape and form an inwardly inclined surface which is vertical or inclined downwards to form two inclined surfaces (6). 14A, 14B) forming means for reaching a stop at the level of the frame (1).