SI9210250A - Apparatus with more striking plates for softening and stretching industrial hides and similar products - Google Patents

Abstract

Multiple Impact Smoothing Machine for softening and stretching of industrial skins and the like products consisting of conveyor belts (3,4) to move skins between several upper impact plates (6 ', 6 ") opposite the lower shocks plates (7 ', 7') by treating adjacent pairs in the direction of skin movement. Each of the panels has releases (10 ', 10 ") interacting with the complementary well (11 ', 11') notched on opposite plate. Every couple the opposite panels have one movable and one stationary plate. The motors (M ', M') alternately move each of them movable panels k and away from the associated stationary plates. Devices (2Γ.21 ”) in place for synchronization, which act on the motors to equalize the frequency oscillations of adjacent moving plates.

Description

The present invention describes a machine with multiple impact plates for softening and stretching industrial skins and similar products, comprising a conveyor for transferring skins between multiple upper impact plates positioned opposite the same number of impactors below to form adjacent pairs of plates in the direction of skin movement. For each of the opposite pairs of plates, one plate is stationary while the other is movable. The movable plate moves alternately to and from the opposite stationary plate by means of a suitable drive mechanism. As is well known, each panel has discharges that are fitted with complementary recesses on the opposite panel.

These machines stretch the fibers of the skin, which is a process called smoothing and is performed to restore the skin's softness and flexibility after drying.

Italian patent number 883012 of the same applicant describes a smoothing machine having only one pair of impact plates. To maximize the performance and productivity of this well-known machine, we use several impact panels that are positioned one after the other in the direction of skin movement. One electric motor is also used for each individual impactor plate to reduce the power and volume of the engines installed.

Such machines provide greater functionality and productivity, but their use does not occur without certain problems. Although the electric motors that allow the movement of each impactor plate are identical, they differ in rotation speed and maximum effective power, so it is not possible to provide a completely identical oscillation frequency for each impactor plate. In addition, due to the oscillating movement of the plate, the machine frame is fully exposed to significant vibrations, which are only partially damped by eccentric masses and vibration damping supports. Due to the difference in the frequency of oscillation, the panels tend to gradually lose synchronization until they are periodically in the same phase, even though initially set to opposite phases. As a result, the machine is periodically exposed to maximum resonance values, accompanied by strong shocks and high noise.

· This resonance may damage the load-bearing structure, especially its welded joints, over a period of time, which duly reduces the average lifespan and sometimes results in repair and even shutdown of the machine.

Another negative consequence of resonance is the limitation of the maximum oscillation frequency of the impact plates to approximately 550 to 570 beats / minute to prevent dangerous vibrations in the machine structure.

It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the problems described above by the manufacture of a multi-impact plate smoothing machine characterized by high usability and productivity, as well as maximum quietness and smooth operation.

Within the scope of the object described, it is a specific object of the invention to provide a multi-impact plate smoothing machine that prevents resonance during oscillation of the impact plates.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a smoothing machine capable of operating at a higher oscillation frequency than its predecessor but without resonance.

The intent and purpose of the following will be to manufacture a multi-impact smoothing machine for industrial skins and similar products consisting of a frame on which skin movement devices are mounted, multiple upper impact plates having upper impact plates positioned opposite the corresponding lower impact plates so as to form adjacent pairs of plates in the direction of skin movement. Each of these panels has discharges that fit into the complementary wells on the opposite panel. Each pair of plates has a movable and stationary plate in which a drive mechanism is mounted to act on said movable plates so that these movable plates move alternately to and from the stationary plate. - The characteristic of said mechanism is a synchronization device acting on said drive mechanism for the purpose of equalizing the oscillation frequency of adjacent movable panels.

According to another object of the invention, synchronization devices are selected such that the alternating motion of adjacent panels is continuously antiphase. Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the description of one preferred, but not exclusive, embodiment of the multiple impactor machine described in the invention, shown only as a non-limiting example in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

• Figure 1 shows, partly in cross-section, a lateral projection of the smoothing machine described in the invention. • Figure 2 shows the detail of the machine of Figure 1 located in the area bounded by the broken line II. • Figure 3 shows the appearance of another embodiment of the details of Figure 2.

According to Figure 1, the smoothing machine described in the invention, generally referred to by the invocation number (1), consists of a supporting frame or base (2) made of strong steel shafts, on which a skin movement device is mounted, assembled from two conveyor belts (3) and (4), which have adjacent parts in contact with each other, so that they can pull on the skin that is being treated.

The pairs of impact plates indicated by the call sign (5) are arranged on opposite sides with respect to adjacent sections of strips (3) and (4). There are two pairs (5 ') and (5') in the version shown, but their number may increase depending on the need to increase the capacity of the machine. In particular, each pair has an upper plate (6) and a lower plate (7), which are mounted on opposite sides, depending on the skin being treated. The first pair (5 ') of panels consists of an upper panel (6') facing the lower panel (7 '), while the second pair (5') consists of an upper panel (6 ') facing the lower panel (7').

The upper panels (6 ', 6') are articulated in a known manner with the levers (8 ', 8') for the brackets (9 ', 9') mounted on the base (2). The upper panels (6 ', 6') have discharges (10 ', 10') that cooperate with the complementary recesses (11 ', 11 ") carved in the lower panels (7', 7").

The machine has a drive device for oscillating the movable panels (6 ', 6') with the selected amplitude and frequency around the rotation points (9 ', 9') by alternately approaching and moving away from the stationary panels (7 ', 7'). to challenge the matching and separation of discharges (10 ', 10') and wells (11 ', 11'). The drive device may consist of connecting levers (12 ', 12') that connect the bolts (13 ', 13') to the eccentrics (14 ',

14 ”). The bolts (13 ', 13 ”) are firmly tied to the plates (6', 6”). The eccentrics (14 ', 14') are firmly connected to the respective main shafts (15 ',

15 ”). The shafts are rotated to the base (2) and are driven by their respective motors (M ', M') by means of custom drive belts (16 ', 16').

In order to balance the operation of the machine, it is advantageous to have one flywheel (17 ', 17') attached to each of the main shafts (15 ', 15') to which an eccentric mass (18 'and 18') is mounted. Flywheels (17 ', 17') can optionally have boreholes (19 ', 19') for mass reduction, arranged to balance the movement of the plates and at least partially reduce the vibration of the machine.

Due to the special feature of the invention, synchronization devices (20) are driven by a propulsion device in order to equalize the oscillation frequencies of adjacent impact panels (6 ', 6').

Figure 2 shows the first embodiment of this synchronization device (20) comprising two timing pulleys (21 ', 21') which are secured to the shafts (15 ', 15') by the wedges and interconnected with a custom timing belt ( 22). A tensioning wheel (23) can also be fitted, which continuously tightens the timing belt (22). The pulleys (21 ', 21') have the same diameters and the same number of teeth so that the transfer between the teeth (15 ', 15') is 1: 1. It should be noted that the pulleys are positioned at different angles on the shaft (15 ', 15') so that the eccentrics (14 ', 14') are exactly in opposite phases.

In the second embodiment shown in Figure 3, the synchronization device consists of a drive shaft (24) to which the end sprockets (25 ', 25') are secured by wedges. These sprockets match the sprockets (26 ', 26'), which are firmly connected to the shafts (15 ', 15'). In this case, too, the transmission ratio is the same, that is, 1: 1, with the eccentrics (14 ', 14') positioned exactly antiphase.

Obviously, other synchronization devices (20 ') can be used, indicated by the dashed lines on the left side of Figure 1, which are also provided to equalize the speed of the third impact plate (6' '), shown schematically by dashed lines in Figure 1.

During operation, the shaft speeds (15 ', 15'), as well as any other shafts, are exactly identical, while the eccentrics are oriented to maintain the oscillation of the plates (6 ', 6' and 6 '') in phase opposition during machine operation. .

In practice, it has been observed that the machine described in the invention fully achieves its purpose and objectives, and in particular that it excludes the appearance of resonance that was characteristic of previous multi-plate machines. It can further be argued that the machine can operate at higher speeds at frequencies of about 650 beats per minute, which increased productivity by about 20% without resonance.

The machine thus conceived is exposed to numerous modifications and variations, all of which fall within the scope of the concept described in the appended claims. Thus, the transmission elements contained in the synchronization devices can be replaced by equivalent systems, such as the PTO shaft and the PTO joint, or the hydraulic or electric gearboxes, which are considered to be within the scope of the claimed protection concept. Instead of multiple motors connected to their respective main shafts, a single motor can be installed connected to all the main shafts through the corresponding transmission elements.

Where said technical elements are designated by said appeal numbers, these numbers are included for greater transparency and understandability of the claim and, therefore, these appeal codes do not limit the scope of protection of each element marked by example with such numbers.

Claims (10)

A multi-striking smoothing machine for industrial skins and similar products, comprising a pedestal (2) on which two skins (3) and (4) are mounted to move the skins, several upper impact plates (6 ', 6' ), wherein the upper impact plates are positioned opposite the lower impact plates (7 ', 7 ") so as to form adjacent pairs (5', 5") of the plates in the direction of skin movement, each of the plates having discharges (10 ', 10 " ) adapted to fit the complementary recesses (11 ', 11') on the opposite plate, each pair of opposite plates having one movable plate and one stationary plate, and a propulsion device which allows alternating approximation and distance of said movable plates with respect to stationary panels, characterized in that a synchronization device (20) is mounted which operates on said drive device for the purpose of equalizing the oscillation frequency of adjacent movable panels. Smoothing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that said synchronization device (20) is adapted to maintain the alternating motion of adjacent panels (6 ', 6') in phase opposition. Smoothing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that said drive device comprises for each of the movable plates (6 ', 6') at least one electric motor (M ' _r M') connected to the corresponding elements for converting circular motion into oscillatory motion comprising a main shaft (15 ', 15'), a connecting lever (12 ', 12') and an eccentric (14 ', 14'). Smoothing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that said synchronization device (20) is positioned between the main shaft (15 ', 15') of each of the pairs of impact plates and the main shaft of the adjacent pair. Smoothing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the synchronization device (20) comprises portable elements with a 1: 1 transmission rate. 6. The smoothing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the transmission elements are adjusted in advance such that the spacing between the eccentrics (14 ', 14') of these adjacent main shafts is 180 °. 7. A smoothing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the movement transmission elements comprise pairs of toothed pulleys (21 ', 21'), which are wedged to the adjacent main shaft (15 ', 15') and connected to the corresponding toothed belt (23). 8. A smoothing machine as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that said movement elements are selected from a type of transmission shaft made of pairs of conical gears, a PTO shaft or the like, an electronic speed controller or the like with a 1: 1 gear ratio . 9. The smoothing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the movable impact plates is driven by a single electric motor (M 'M'). 10. The smoothing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a single drive motor for all movable impact plates.