SI25059A - A method and a device for utilization of low-temperature sources of gas boilers with high-temperature heat pump by water/water concept - Google Patents

Abstract

The method and apparatus for utilization of low-temperature sources of gas boilers with high-temperature heat pump according to the water / water concept is in a preferred embodiment a assembly comprising a high temperature heat pump (HP) according to the water / water system, which for its operation utilizes the low temperature flue gas source generated by in the process of combustion of gas fuels in high temperature, condensation or steam gas boilers (HWP). In a preferred embodiment, the device according to the invention utilizes the use of waste low temperature petroleum sources in the form of flue gases within the high temperature heat pump (HP) to raise the temperature level of the medium in the return water of the high temperature heating in order to increase the total efficiency of the gas fuel, by which the device according to the invention raises the energy potential or efficiency energy conversion to the highest possible level, that is, to the upper calorific value of gas fuels. In a preferred embodiment, the high temperature heat pump (HP) utilizes, for its operation, the waste heat of the dimpleplines produced in a closed system within a condensing heat exchanger (HE).

Description

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LOW-TEMPERATURE SOURCES OF GAS BOILERS WITH A HIGH-TEMPERATURE HEAT PUMP ACCORDING TO THE WATER / WATER CONCEPT

The field of technology

The subject of the invention relates to devices and methods for the utilization of flue gas waste from high-temperature gas boilers with the addition of a high-temperature heat pump according to the water / water system, by which the waste heat of the high-temperature gas boilers can be used to cool and condense the flue gas to increase heat production and thereby raising the energy efficiency of gaseous fuel from the lower calorific value to the upper calorific value of the gaseous fuel.

View the problem

A technical problem addressed by the subject of this patent application is the lack of facilities for efficient utilization of flue gas waste heat generated by the production of heat from a high-temperature gas boiler. Primarily, the technical problem is related to the lack of a device that uses a low-temperature heat source in the condensing high-temperature boiler to raise the temperature level of the medium in the return pipe system of high-temperature heating.

The state of the art

The International Intellectual Property Registry comprises a large number of relevant solutions where the state of the art best describes the solution under CN101900318A, with the key drawback of the exposed solution being that an air / air concept designed exclusively for the use of a low temperature source is intended solely for heating the medium in the riser of the high-temperature heating pipe system.

Description of the new solution

Heat generation systems with condensing hot water gas boilers are well-known processes for converting primary energy into heat, so the operation of the process is not broadly explained within the scope of this patent application. The device according to the invention preferably comprises a condensing gas boiler or a high-temperature gas boiler with an integrated condenser heat exchanger for the utilization of waste heat energy of flue gases, which is used to heat the medium in a medium-high-temperature heat pump by means of raising the temperature in the medium. line of the district heating system.

Hereinafter, the essence of the invention is described in greater detail by means of the accompanying figure and an explanation of the preferred embodiment in the context of district heating of the end consumer.

Figure 1 shows a schematic of a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention. The picture shows and tags: high temperature gas boiler (HWP), condenser heat exchanger (HE), high temperature heat pump (HP), compressor cooling system with heat exchanger (CS), pipe system (P1-P13), valves (VI, V2) and pumps (PU1-PU4) for heat distribution, flue gas damper (HI), fan (Fl), temperature sensors (Tl, T12) and heat consumer (HC) in district heating.

The district heating system, in a preferred embodiment, comprises at least one main and auxiliary heat source, which directly or indirectly (through an additional heat exchanger or pre-exchanger) transmits the produced energy to the district heating system (HC). In the embodiment shown, the main heat source comprises at least one high-temperature gas boiler (HWP), which is preferably connected directly or flow-connected to the central riser of the closed circuit of the high-end district heating (HC) high-temperature district heating system by a pipe (Pl). The primary heat medium in the high-temperature district heating system is preferably water, which is cooled back from the heat consumer (HC) in the closed heating circuit by the pipe (P2) of the high-temperature heating return flow to the main heat source, more precisely to the integrated heat exchanger (water heater). high temperature gas boiler (HWP).

• · · · • · · · · · • · · · · · • · ·. .

. . . * y · · ·

During the combustion of gaseous fuel in a gas boiler (HWP), hot flue gases are generated due to an exothermic chemical reaction, which is the main source of waste heat for the operation or implementation of a high-temperature heat pump (HP), whose evaporator is preferably connected in a closed circuit with a secondary medium to a condenser. of heat (HE) in the flue pipe system (P12). It is understood that during the operation of the gas boiler (HWP), the flue gases in the flue system (P12), when passing through an integrated heat exchanger (HE), with cooling and condensation, emit at least some of the thermal energy to the aforementioned secondary medium, which is further used at least in part for evaporation of heat pump (HP) media. As follows, flue gas condensation and cooling within the heat exchanger (HE) produces heat lower than the return medium temperature, so it cannot be directly exploited, but indirectly utilized within the apparatus of the invention by upgrading the high-temperature heat exchanger. pump (HP) that can use the heat of flue gas from high-temperature gas boilers (HWP) to heat the water of high-temperature heating, thereby significantly increasing the energy efficiency of primary gaseous fuels and reducing greenhouse gas emissions into the environment. It is worth mentioning that in the case of intensive exploitation or cooling of flue gases, the flue pipe system (P12) further comprises a fan (Fl) for exhausting or blowing out flue gases and a condensate collector in the flue gas outlet system with a siphon outlet, which in order to maintain the clarity of the attached image. the scheme is not specifically shown or highlighted. The advanced flue gas exhaust system further comprises a bypass pipe (P13) which, in conjunction with the flap (HI), allows the flue gas mass flow to be adjusted through an integrated condenser (HE). In this regard, it should be noted that the closed-loop heat pump (HP) evaporator is connected to at least one heat exchanger (HE) for the utilization of waste heat sources in cascade, sequential and / or parallel circuits, the heat pump condenser ( HP) preferably connected directly or flow-connected to the return line in the district heating pipe (P2) system. Specifically, due to the differential difference between the temperatures of the primary medium in the district heating system, the condenser inlet is connected to or connected to the district heating return line (P2) pipe, whereby the heat pump condenser (HP) is used to establish and maintain optimal conditions for the operation of the heat pump (HP). HP) connected to the bypass pipe system (P3 and P4), which, in conjunction with the pump (PU1), makes it easier to regulate the thermal • · · · ··· '· ₄ · ·· · markings in the return pipe of the district heating pipe system. In an advanced embodiment, the district heating system further comprises a gas boiler bypass (P4) bypass system (HWP) that allows precise targeting or adjustment of the thermal mark-ups according to the needs of the end-user (HC). It is understood that the secondary heat source within the Integrated Heat Pump (HP) is preferably used to raise the temperature of the primary medium in the return pipe of the district heating pipe system, where a heat pump is used to achieve the highest heating number or coefficient of efficiency (COP). (HP) used to heat the primary medium with the lowest return temperature, preferably at the end of the closed circuit of the district heating system.

It should also be noted that during the operation of the heat pump (HP), at least one secondary source of waste heat is generated within the cooling system of the heat pump compressor oil (HP), which is connected to the secondary system in conjunction with a heat exchanger (CS) in parallel or in series. pipes (P6, P7, PIO and Pil) for waste heat recovery within the heat pump (HP) evaporator.

It follows from this that during the operation of the gas boiler (HWP), at least one waste heat source is generated, which is purposefully used for the operation of the integrated heat pump (HP) for the purpose of heating the primary medium in the return line of the district heating pipe system, preferably at least one central the electronic control unit controls the operation of the circuits or the temperature of the medium in the district heating system by regulating the power of the gas boiler (HWP) and the heat pump (HP), where the control of the control unit according to the needs of the end user of heat (HC) is based on the obtained temperature values sensors (T1-T12), preferably by synchronous switching on and off of the high temperature boiler (HWP) and heat pump (HP) regulates the input thermal power, and further regulates the mass flow or temperature with the pumps (PU1, PU2, PU3) and valves (VI, V2) thermal medium in the district heating pipe system. Synchronized switching on and off of heat sources in the district heating system is based on a comparison between the required and obtained data on the temperatures of the primary medium in the district heating system, whereby the switching on and off of the heat pump (HP) in order to achieve maximum efficiency of energy conversion is subordinate to the operation. · The high-temperature boiler (HWP), or more precisely, the operation of the heat pump (HP) is subordinate to the flue gas temperature in the flue system (P12).

It is understood that the condenser heat exchanger (HPP) in secondary embodiments may be integrated into the basic construction of a high-temperature gas boiler (HWP), where the high-temperature gas boiler (HWP) with flue-gas condensation is adapted to produce high-temperature water for high-temperature and low-temperature needs water, which is used as a low-temperature source by a high-temperature heat pump (HP) to raise the temperature level.

The method for recovering flue gas waste from high-temperature gas boilers within the framework of heat production for the purposes of high-temperature heating, steam production or an industrial process involves the following steps:

- integration or upgrading of the condensing heat exchanger (HE) into the flue gas pipe system, which is directed from the combustion space of the boiler to the environment (O), where said condensing heat exchanger (HE) is either upgraded to the flue gas pipe system into the environment ( O), or integrated into a new boiler structure for separate production of high-temperature and low-temperature water;

- integration or upgrading of at least one high-temperature heat pump (HP) into the high-temperature heating system, the high-temperature heat pump being connected to the high-temperature heating system by a condenser;

- collecting or utilizing flue gas waste by means of a condensing heat exchanger (HE) contained in a closed circuit with a secondary medium, preferably water or a mixture of water and glycol, flow-connected to a high-temperature heat pump (HP) evaporator;

- raising the temperature level of waste low-temperature heat by changing the aggregate state of the working medium in the high-temperature heat pump (HP), which, by evaporating the working medium in the high-temperature heat pump (HP) evaporator, removes at least some of the secondary medium heat and condensation and condensation into the medium · · ·· * 'g' ·· · ......

high-temperature heat pump (HP) capacitor raises the primary medium temperature in the high-temperature heating system.

It follows from the record that a high-temperature heat pump (HP), by collecting or utilizing waste low-temperature flue gas heat, raises the temperature level of the primary medium in the high-temperature heat pump (HP) condenser, which, according to the temperature conditions of the high-temperature heating control system, collects the pipe (P3) from the return pipe (P2) and returns it preferably to the return pipe (P2) via the pipe (P4). Alternatively, the heated primary medium from the pipe (P4) is partially or completely fed to the district heating pipe (Pl) and used directly for the purposes of high-temperature heating, where said control monitors the temperature in the system and regulates the flow of the primary medium in the return line of the high-temperature heating through a high temperature heat pump (HP) with the aim of heating the primary medium with the lowest temperature (the highest possible energy conversion efficiency coefficient).

The following are some key findings and features of the apparatus and method of the invention that are important for determining the scope of patent protection or for making claims.

The heat transfer in the condenser heat exchanger (HE) preferably includes a condensation mechanism, the apparatus according to the invention further comprising the elements for capturing, controlling, storing and neutralizing the condensation of the flue gas of the gas boiler, which are not shown separately in order to maintain the clarity of the scheme in Figure 1. It should be pointed out that the flue gas temperature in the condenser heat exchanger (HE) due to condensation can also fall well below the return water temperature in the high temperature heating system, where the water condenser heat exchanger (HE) with the condensation of water vapors in the flue gas in the exhaust system can also cool below 45 ° C. By cooling the flue gas, the condensing heat exchanger (HE) transfers the received flue gas heat and the condensing heat of the flue gas vapor to a secondary medium, whereupon the high-temperature heat pump (HP) removes the heat and raises the temperature of the primary medium by changing the working medium. • High-temperature heating water approximates to the lowest possible temperature difference, and then returns it back to the return line via the pipe (P4). To the extent practicable, regulation by the valve (VI) by the bypass pipe (P5) permits partial return of the heated primary medium to the riser, whereby the temperature level can be raised to 85 ° C and above if necessary, which otherwise adversely affect or reduce high-temperature heat pump (HP) energy conversion efficiency according to the water / water system.

It is also worth mentioning that the means for regulating and controlling the operation of the device according to the invention comprise hardware and software that adapts the operation of the device and its assemblies to the requirements or conditions in the system, the regulation being based on the performance of temperature measurements in the system, followed by the adjustment of the components and control and control techniques for the purpose of establishing stable operation of the device, the control comprising the following steps:

1. Obtaining the value of the observed parameter;

2. comparison of acquired values with predefined operating range;

3. preparation of a set of commands for establishing equilibrium or desired values;

4. making adjustments in terms of changing the state and / or position of the device components of the invention;

5. Keeping reports on the operation of the device and alerting to any malfunctioning.

It is understood that the district heating system described may comprise only one or more units of high-temperature boiler (HWP) in cascade series and / or parallel connection, and similarly one or more units of heat pump (HP) in cascade, series and / or parallel connection with controlled heat exchangers for the utilization of waste heat sources, where the control-electronic control unit for controlling and controlling the operation of the device according to the invention can be either a stand-alone unit or integrated into any of the components used, such as a high-temperature boiler (HWP), heat pump (HP) ), valve (VI, V2) or pump (PU1PU4).

• · · · · ·

Method of industrial use

The apparatus and method for the utilization and raising of the temperature level of waste low-temperature sources is suitable for systems where high-temperature, condensing or steam-fired gas fired gas boilers are used for the production of heat. Such a device is suitable for installation in high-temperature heating systems of buildings, district heating or the needs of industrial processes involving cogeneration units (steam turbines).

It is understood that the high-temperature pump (7) may be a stand-alone unit or integrated into a high-temperature, condensing or steam-gas boiler assembly, whereby a person skilled in the art can develop alternative embodiments on the basis of the preferred embodiment illustrated, but not bypass the following claims .

Claims (15)

Patent claims CLAIMS 1. A device for recovering low-temperature gas boiler sources with a high-temperature heat pump (HP) according to a water / water concept comprising at least one high-temperature boiler (HWP) with an integrated heat exchanger for converting energy to heat; control and monitoring control system; at least one high-temperature heat pump (HP) per water / water system that is connected to the primary medium of high-temperature heat (HC) heating by the condenser; and at least one heat exchanger (HE), which is preferably attached to the flue gas pipe system, characterized in that it comprises at least one closed heating circuit, which interconnects the high-temperature heat pump (HP) evaporator with at least one heat exchanger (HP). HE) for the utilization of waste heat; that said closed heating circuit preferably comprises a secondary medium for the transfer or exchange of heat between said heat exchanger (HE) and a high-temperature heat pump (HP) evaporator; that the secondary medium enters at least a portion of the flue gas heat when flowing through the heat exchanger (HE); that the secondary medium, at flow through a high-temperature heat pump (HP) evaporator, emits at least a portion of the heat to the high-temperature heat pump (HP) working medium; that the working medium in the high-temperature heat pump (HP) condenser transfers the heat generated to the primary high-temperature heating medium during the flow of the primary medium, thereby raising the device of the invention to raise the temperature of the primary medium in the high-temperature heating system. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the high-temperature boiler (HWP) is connected to the primary medium in a high-temperature heating system by an integrated heat exchanger, wherein the high-temperature boiler (HWP) transfers heat directly to the high-temperature heating system; that it comprises at least one condenser heat exchanger (HE), which is upgraded to a flue pipe system; that said heat exchanger (HE) preferably receives low-temperature flue gas heat which is transmitted by the secondary medium in a closed circuit to the high-temperature evaporator Τό heat pumps (HP); that during operation of the device the minimum temperature of the secondary medium is lower than the minimum temperature of the primary medium in the high temperature heating system; that a high temperature heat pump (HP), by changing the aggregate state of the working medium in the condenser, raises the temperature level of the heat received; that the temperature of the primary medium at the outlet of the high-temperature heat pump (HP) condenser is higher than the temperature of the primary medium at the inlet of the high-temperature heat pump (HP), thereby indirectly connecting the heat exchanger (HE) to the high-temperature heat recovery system; that the flue gas exhaust system further comprises a bypass system and a flap (HI) for adjusting the flue gas flow through the condensing heat exchanger (HE), where the control and control system adjusts the load of the heat exchanger (HE) by adjusting the flue gas flow. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the heat exchanger (HE) is, by type or type, an aqueous condensing heat exchanger (HE) within which the flue gases condense during the heat transfer process, the device further comprising elements for capture, control, flue gas condensate storage and neutralization; that the flue gas exhaust system further comprises a fan (Fl) which, by its operation, reduces the pressure drop in the flue gas exhaust system with an upgraded heat exchanger (HE), thereby preventing flue gas build-up and contributing to efficient heat transfer in the heat exchanger ( HE). Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the closed circuit of the secondary medium comprises at least two heat exchangers (HE, CS) which are flow-connected to the high-temperature heat pump (HP) evaporator, the second of said heat exchangers (CS) attached to a low temperature heat source in the form of lubricating oil; that said closed medium secondary circuit further comprises a valve (V2) for adjusting the flow through the individual heat exchanger (HE, CS). The device according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the outlet of the high-temperature heat pump (HP) condenser with the primary medium is flow-connected to the high-temperature heating return line. Apparatus according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the outlet of the high-temperature heat pump (HP) condenser with the primary medium is flow-connected to the high-temperature heating flow. Apparatus according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the outlet of the high-temperature heat pump (HP) condenser is connected to the return line and to the high-temperature heating flow through the primary medium. Device according to Claims 5, 6 and 7, characterized in that it further comprises valves (VI, V2) and pumps (PU1 - PU4), by means of which the control and control system adjusts the heat input to the heating circuit of the high-temperature heating of the end consumer (HC), whereby the control and control system prioritizes the control of the high-temperature boiler output (HWP), heat pump (HP) power, and the flow of the primary medium in the high-temperature heating system according to the temperature of the primary medium in the district heating system. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the temperature of the primary medium at the inlet to the high temperature boiler (HWP) is higher than the flue gas temperature, preferably higher than 45 ° C. The apparatus of claim 8, characterized in that the primary medium in the high-temperature heating system is preferably technical water; that the secondary medium in the closed circuit of the high temperature heat pump (HP) evaporator is technical water or a mixture of water and glycol, preferably a mixture of water and glycol. 11. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein said control and control system comprises hardware and software for obtaining temperature data in the district heating system; that the control system further comprises means for adjusting the power of the high-temperature boiler (HWP) and the heat pump power (HP) according to the condition found in the district heating system; and that the control and regulation system comprises means for regulating and regulating flows in the district heating system. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises several high-temperature boilers (HPV) in cascade, series and / or parallel connection; that it comprises multiple heat pumps (HP) in cascade, sequential and / or parallel connection; that at least one secondary waste heat transfer circuit similarly comprises multiple heat exchangers (HE) in cascaded, sequential and / or parallel coupling, the operation of the device being controlled and regulated by a control and control system further comprising synchronous switching hardware and software and the shutdown of heat sources in the district heating system is based on a comparison between the required and obtained data on the temperatures of the primary medium in the district heating system. 9 9 heating, whereby the heat pump (HP) switching on and off in order to achieve maximum energy conversion efficiency is subordinate to the operation of the high temperature boiler (HWP) or the flue gas temperature (P12) of the flue gas exhaust system. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said control and regulation system comprises means for regulating and controlling the operation of the district heating system, which adapts the operation of the device and its assemblies to the requirements or conditions in the system, the control being based on measurements temperatures in the system, followed by the adjustment of components and control and control techniques in order to establish stable operation of the device, the control comprising the following steps: obtaining the value of the observed parameter; a comparison of the values obtained with a predefined operating range; preparation of a set of commands for establishing the equilibrium or desired values; making adjustments in terms of changing the condition and / or position of the device components of the invention; and keeping reports on the operation of the device and alerting you to any malfunctioning. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the high-temperature boiler (HWP) comprises an integrated heat exchanger (HE) for collecting waste heat, wherein the implementation of the high-temperature gas boiler (HWP) with flue-gas condensation is adapted to produce high-temperature water for the needs of high temperature heating and low temperature water, which is used as a low temperature source by a high temperature heat pump (HP) to raise the temperature level. 15. A method for utilizing a low-temperature source of gas boilers with a high-temperature heat pump (HP) according to the concept of water / water within a heat production system, characterized in that it comprises: integrating or upgrading at least one heat exchanger (HPP) to a low-temperature heat source, such as such as flue gas and / or high temperature (HP) compressor lubricating oil; integrating or upgrading at least one high-temperature heat pump (HP) into a high-temperature heating system, wherein the high-temperature heat pump (HP) is connected to the high-temperature heating system by a high-temperature heat pump (HP) through which the medium flows; collecting or utilizing waste low-temperature heat with at least one heat exchanger (HE) that is connected to a high-temperature heat pump (HP) evaporator via a secondary medium, preferably a mixture of water and glycol; and raising the temperature level of waste low-temperature heat by changing the aggregate state of the working medium in the high-temperature heat pump (HP), which by evaporating the working medium in the high-temperature heat pump (HP) evaporator removes a portion of the secondary medium heat and condensing the working medium into a condenser heat medium HP) raises the temperature of the primary medium in the high temperature heating system.