SI22189A - Motorgenerator uporaben kot generatr elektricnegatoka, zaganjalnik motorjev z notranjm zgorevanjemter primarni pogonski stroj - Google Patents

Motorgenerator uporaben kot generatr elektricnegatoka, zaganjalnik motorjev z notranjm zgorevanjemter primarni pogonski stroj Download PDF

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Publication number
SI22189A
SI22189A SI200500359A SI200500359A SI22189A SI 22189 A SI22189 A SI 22189A SI 200500359 A SI200500359 A SI 200500359A SI 200500359 A SI200500359 A SI 200500359A SI 22189 A SI22189 A SI 22189A
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SI
Slovenia
Prior art keywords
generator
clutch
engine
converter
combustion engine
Prior art date
Application number
SI200500359A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Tomaz Katrasnik
Opresnik Samuel Rodman
Ferdinand Trenc
Original Assignee
Tomaz Katrasnik
Opresnik Samuel Rodman
Ferdinand Trenc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tomaz Katrasnik, Opresnik Samuel Rodman, Ferdinand Trenc filed Critical Tomaz Katrasnik
Priority to SI200500359A priority Critical patent/SI22189A/sl
Priority to EP06824661A priority patent/EP1976749A1/en
Priority to PCT/SI2006/000040 priority patent/WO2007075148A1/en
Publication of SI22189A publication Critical patent/SI22189A/sl

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/20—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being powered by combinations of different types of propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K6/485—Motor-assist type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/02—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
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    • Y02T70/5236—Renewable or hybrid-electric solutions

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Abstract

Izum podaja napravo za generiranje enosmernega oz. izmenicnega toka oz. za poganjanje motoriziranega sredstva, zlasti colna, ladje, jahte, jadrnice, plavajocega zerjava, poljedelskega stroja, rovokopaca ipd., ki vkljucuje motorgenerator, ki ga poganja motor z notranjim zgorevanjem (1), prednostno batni motor, pri cemer je brezkrtacni visokofrekvencni, prednostno trifazni motorgenerator (2) prikljucen na DC/AC pretvornik (16), namescen v okrovu (11) vztrajnika med motorjem (1) in menjalnikom (9), z rotorjem (3) motorgeneratorja s permanentnimi magneti (26), prosto vrtljivo namescenim na podaljsek (15) rocicne gredi prek lezajev (22 in 41) terspojenim z vstopno gredjo (8) menjalnika prek sklopke (29), ki je prednostno palcna sklopka s prestavami na lastovicji rep (6), ki v vklopljenem stanju spaja rocicno gred ali podaljsek (15) rocicne gredi z motorgeneratorjem (2) in z vstopno gredjo (8) menjalnika.

Description

Motorgenerator uporaben kot generator električnega toka, zaganjalnik motorjev z notranjim zgorevanjem ter primarni pogonski stroj
Ozadje izuma namenjena žaganj anj u poganjanju
Predmet pričujočega izuma je naprava, generiranju enosmernega oz. izmeničnega toka, motorjev z notranjim zgorevanjem oz.
motoriziranih sredstev, zlasti čolnov, ladij, jaht, jadrnic, plavajočih žerjavov, poljedelskih strojev, rovokopačev ipd., ki vključuje motorgeneratorsko enoto, ki ne potrebuje vzdrževanja, v kombinaciji z motorjem z notranjim zgorevanjem, sklopko in menjalnikom. S pomočjo pričujočega izuma je moč poganjati motorizirano sredstvo bodisi z motorjem z notranjim zgorevanjem bodisi na elektriko z enostavnim motorgeneratorjem, ki ga napajajo baterije prek DC/AC pretvornika in ki deluje v obe smeri. Možno je tudi generirati enosmerni oz. izmenični električni tok z navedenim motorgeneratorjem, tako da slednjega poganja motor z notranjim zgorevanjem ob pomoči dodatnih električnih oz. elektronskih komponent.
Kratek povzetek izuma
Po pričujočem izumu je motorizirano sredstvo opremljeno z visokofrekvenčnim motorgeneratorjem, ki ne potrebuje vzdrževanja in ki je integriran v okrovu vztrajnika motorja z notranjim zgorevanjem. Okrov vztrajnika je zaščiten s tesnili in vodotesno kabelsko povezavo, kar vodi, ki vstopi v plavajoče motorizirano sredstvo, preprečuje dostop v električni motorgenerator in v njegova navitja. Z integracijo električnega motorgeneratorj a v okrov vztrajnika je moč navedeno napravo na preprost način uporabiti kot generator električnega toka, ko je spojena z delujočim motorjem z notranjim zgorevanjem, ali pa kot v obe smeri delujoč primarni pogonski stroj, ko je spojena z menjalnikom in jo napaja izmenični električni tok primerne jakosti, napetosti in frekvence iz DC/AC pretvornika, priključenega na akumulatorsko baterijo. Motorgenerator je opremljen z rotorskimi poli s permanentnimi magneti, število navedenih rotorskih polov pa je dovolj veliko, da zagotavlja visoko frekvenco generatorja in velik navor motorja tudi pri enoti razmeroma majhnih dimenzij. Poli rotorja so prednostno izdelani s permanentnimi magneti iz redkih zemelj. Visoka frekvenca motorgeneratorj a omogoča, da generator ustvarja zadostno električno moč že pri nizki vrtilni frekvenci motorja, tako da lahko dosega polno moč generiranega električnega toka ob nizkem hrupu in nizkem onesnaževanju celo tedaj, ko motor z notranjim zgorevanjem ne poganja motoriziranega sredstva z veliko izhodno močjo. Navitja motorgeneratorj a so priključena na DC/AC pretvornik, kadar motorgenerator deluje kot zaganjalnik motorja. V tem primeru je sklopka, ki spaja podaljšek ročične gredi z motorgeneratorjem, vklopljena. DC/AC pretvornik se krmili z daljinskim krmilnikom, nameščenim na komandni plošči motoriziranega sredstva. Predvidena je tudi možnost avtomatskega zagona motorja z notranjim zgorevanjem, kadar je napetost akumulatorske baterije prenizka. Kadar naprava deluje kot električni pogon motoriziranega sredstva, se sklopka, ki spaja motor z notranjim zgorevanjem in motorgenerator, izklopi, navitja motorgeneratorj a pa so vezana in krmiljena enako kot v predhodnem primeru. Navitja motorgeneratorj a so povezana tudi z AC/DC usmernikom, ki dovaja enosmerno napetost DC/DC pretvorniku prek enosmernega filtra za reguliranje generirane enosmerne napetosti, polnjenje baterij in napajanje DC/AC inverterja, namenjenega napajanju motoriziranega sredstva z izmeničnim tokom konstantne napetosti in frekvence. Z uporabo tega sistema ni potrebe po jermensko gnanem alternatorju za motor z notranjim zgorevanjem, temveč je mogoč motor z notranjim zgorevanjem brez jermenskih pogonov, s čimer se zmanjšajo vzdrževalni stroški, zanesljivost pa se poveča. Črpalka za hladilno morsko vodo je po potrebi gnana z elektromotorjem, katerega hitrost je prednostno termostatsko uravnavana. Tudi ločeni elektromotorni zaganjalnik ni potreben, s čimer se zmanjšajo cena, dimenzije in teža opreme motorja. Vztrajnik ne potrebuje ozobljenja za ubiranje z zaganjalnikom in ga je moč zlahka uporabiti tudi kot drugi blažilnik torzijskih vibracij, če dodamo blažilni material in drugi obroč (ta lastnost ni prikazana na priloženih slikah).
Naslednji primeri sestavljajo znano stanje tehnike za rešitev po pričujočem izumu
Patent SI 21586 opisuje kombinacijo motorja z notranjim zgorevanjem in generatorja, ki ga ni potrebno vzdrževati, integriranega v okrovu vztrajnika in povezanega z elektronsko napravo, ki prevaja trifazni izmenični tok spremenljive napetosti na izhoda z izmenično in enosmerno konstantno napetostjo. Predvidena je uporaba generatorja kot zaganjalnika za motor. V skladu s to rešitvijo je generator priklopljen na vztrajnik in na ročično gred. Ni pa predvideno, da bi taisti generator poganjal motorizirano sredstvo. Ni podana sklopka, s katero bi bilo možno ločiti generator in motor z notranjim zgorevanjem. Delovanje motoriziranega sredstva le s pomočjo generatorja ni možno. Brezjermenska izvedba motorja z notranjim zgorevanjem ter elektromotor za vodno črpalko nista predvidena.
V patentu US 5,214,358 je podan izum, pri katerem je generator spojen z vztrajnikom motorja z notranjim zgorevanjem in vključuje še dodatne elektronske krmilne enote, ki skrbijo za polnjenje akumulatorske baterije in dovajanje potrebne izmenične napetosti pogonskemu elektromotorju. Vendar po tej rešitvi ni možno neposredno mehansko poganjanje motoriziranega sredstva. Za pogon vozila sta potrebna najmanj dva električna motorja. Posledica tega so večja teža, višja cena in zahtevnejše vzdrževanj e.
Patent EP 1415837 opisuje vzporedno zasnovan sistem za prek koles gnana vozila na hibridni pogon. Pogonska moč je porazdeljena med elektromotor in motor z notranjim zgorevanjem, in sicer prek prenosnega sistema, ki simultano prenaša navor obeh motorjev na kolesa vozila. Motor z notranjim zgorevanjem obratuje stacionarno. Oskrba vozila z izmeničnim električnim tokom konstantne napetosti ni podana. Izum ne predvideva enosmernega električnega napajanja, kadar motor z notranjim zgorevanjem ne obratuje. Odprava pogonskega jermena alternatorja ni predvidena.
Patent DE 29604437 U se nanaša na hibridni pogonski sistem za ladje, ki vključuje primarni dizlov motor v kombinaciji z elektromotorjem, da se zmanjša specifična poraba goriva. Dovajanje enosmernega in izmeničnega toka konstantne napetosti motoriziranemu sredstvu ni predvideno. Rešitev po izumu ne navaja nobene možnosti, da bi ladjo poganjali zgolj z elektromotorjem. Možnost zagona motorja z notranjim zgorevanjem s pomočjo elektromotorja ni predvidena. Ločljivost ročične gredi od elektromotorja ni omogočena.
Predmet patenta FR 2814121 je hibridni pogon, sestavljen iz motorja z notranjim zgorevanjem, sklopke, ki priklaplja elektromotor, ter dodatne sklopke, ki spaja elektromotor z menjalnikom. Napajanje vozila z enosmernim in izmeničnim tokom konstantne napetosti ni načrtovano. Brezjermenska izvedba motorja z notranjim zgorevanjem ni načrtovana. Električna črpalka za črpanje hladilne morske vode ni predvidena, ker je cestna vozila ne potrebujejo. Ni predviden torzijski blažilec, ki bi blažil vklapljanje sklopke.
Naloga in cilj izuma
S predstavljeno izumiteljsko rešitvijo je možno z enim samim preprostim električnim motorjem, v pričujočem primeru motorgeneratorjem, ki ne potrebuje vzdrževanja inv vrtečih se delih nima navitij, generirati enosmerni električni tok β
konstantne napetosti in izmenični električni tok konstantne napetosti in frekvence za pokrivanje nepogonskih potreb motoriziranega sredstva. Po predlagani rešitvi je električni tok na razpolago pri vsakršni vrtilni frekvenci motorja. Poleg tega lahko navedeni motorgenerator zažene motor z notranjim zgorevanjem motoriziranega sredstva. Taisti motorgenerator služi tudi kot električni pogon motoriziranega sredstva, odvisen od zmogljivosti akumulatorskih baterij. S tem se znižajo stroški opreme, stroški vgradnje, vzdrževalni stroški in tudi teža same opreme. Vse našteto velja v primeri z vsemi znanimi ali na trgu prisotnimi rešitvami. Z vodotesno namestitvijo motorgeneratorja v hermetično zaprtem okrovu vztrajnika je dosežena vrhunska raven zanesljivosti za tista motorizirana sredstva, ki se delno nahajajo v vodi ali so izpostavljena vodnim pljuskom. Ker je z DC/AC inverterjem možno generirati izmenični električni tok konstantne napetosti in konstantne frekvence, je izmenični električni tok na razpolago tudi tedaj, ko edini elektromotor ne obratuje, in sicer z izkoriščanjem zmogljivosti nadomestne akumulatorske baterije. Ko je potreben le del maksimalnega električnega toka, mora motor z notranjim zgorevanjem teči le del časa, pa še to z zmanjšano vrtilno frekvenco.
Opis slik
Na sliki 1 je prikazan okrov 11 vztrajnika, ki je s tekočim ali ploščatim tesnilom vodotesno spojen z motorjem z notranjim zgorevanjem 1, v navedeni okrov 11 vztrajnika pa je integriran in nameščen stator 2 motorgeneratorj a. Stator je izdelan iz lamelnih kovinskih lističev, narejenih iz magnetno visoko prevodne jeklene zlitine. Večpolna trifazna navitja 12 so integrirana v stator in po vodotesnem izolacijskem priključku 35 priključena na AC/DC usmernik 17 in na DC/AC pretvornik 16. S pomočjo daljinskega krmilnika 30 reguliramo frekvenco in napetost na izhodu DC/AC pretvornika 16, da se zažene motor 1. DC/AC pretvornik 16 prejema električni tok iz baterije 20. Za uravnavanje frekvence je zaželen hitrostni vhod motorja 1. Navedeni hitrostni vhod je na voljo iz krmilnika motorja. Ob startu motorja 1 bi se moral menjalnik 9 nahajati v prostem teku. Sklopka 29 se vklopi in spoji ročično gred oz. podaljšek 15 ročične gredi z rotorjem 3 motorgeneratorj a. DC/AC usmernik 17 je povezan z enosmernim filtrom 18, ki visokofrekvenčnim motnjam, ki nastajajo v dodatnem DC/DC pretvorniku/napetostnem regulatorju 19, preprečuje dostop v statorska navitja 12 generatorja, kjer bi lahko povzročile porast temperature motorgeneratorj a. DC/DC pretvornik/napetostni regulator 19 dovaja potrebno enosmerno napetost sistemskemu izhodu, baterijam 20 in DC/AC inverterju 31. Izhod DC/DC pretvornika 19 je krmiljen tako, da ustreza baterijski napetosti, stanju napolnjenosti in karakteristiki polnjenja baterij. S pomočjo daljinskega krmiljenja inverterja je moč inverter vklapljati in izklapljati z oddaljenega mesta, na katerem se praviloma nahaja upravljavec. Rotor 3 je narejen iz magnetno prevodnega materiala in opremljen s permanentnimi magneti 26. Permanentni magneti iz redkih zemelj omogočajo motorgeneratorju doseganje višje izhodne moči. Rotor je prosto vrtljivo vgrajen na ležajih 22 in 41, ki sta prednostno kroglična ali (kot ležaj 39 na sliki 2) valjčna ležaja. Ležaja 22 in 41 sta nameščena na ročični gredi ali na podaljšku ročične gredi 15 ter omogočata prosto vrtenje rotorja 3 na stacionarnem podaljšku ročične gredi 15, kadar motor z notranjim zgorevanjem ne deluje. Ko sklopka 29 ni spojena s palčnimi sklopnimi elementi 6 in so vklopljeni samo sklopni elementi 28, je rotor 3 spojen z vstopno gredjo 8 menjalnika in motorizirano sredstvo lahko poganja motorgenerator, ki ga napaja DC/AC pretvornik 16 v obeh vrtilnih smereh in ki prek menjalnika poganja propeler s prednostno reducirano hitrostjo elektromotorja 2. Sklopka 29 je trajno spojena z vstopno gredjo 8 menjalnika prek prestav na lastovičji rep in prek rotorja motorgeneratorj a s sklopnimi elementi 28. Za boljšo poravnanost ročične gredi 14 oz. podaljška 15 ročične gredi z vstopno gredjo 8 menjalnika je predviden ležaj 37, ki je prednostno valjčni ležaj tipa 38. S pomočjo sklopnih vilic 27 se šklopka 29 vklaplja in izklaplja. Hladilni kanali 42 hladijo motorgenerator 2 v zadostni meri, da se lahko doseže visoka izhodna moč z enoto, ki je neprepustna za vodo. Na ta način so tudi permanentni magneti 26 iz redkih zemelj rotorja 3 zaščiteni pred previsokimi temperaturami, ki bi jih lahko razmagnetile. Obročasta tesnila 7, 43 in 44 preprečujejo mazivu vstop v nemazane dele motorgeneratorj a. Sklopne vilice je moč vklapljati in izklapljati preko daljinsko krmiljenega 33 električnega prožila 34, kot je prikazano na sliki 3.
Slika 2 prikazuje isto napravo, ki ji je dodan še blažilnik torzijskih vibracij, integriran v rotor 25 z blažilnim materialom 23 in blažilno gredjo 24. Blažilna gred je prek sklopnih elementov 28 trajno spojena s sklopko 29.
Omejevalnik vrtilnega kota omejuje maksimalno kotno deformacijo torzijskega blažilnika sklopke in zagotavlja brezhibno delovanje sistema, tudi ko je blažilni material 23 poškodovan. Torzijski blažilnik je koristen pri tistih menjalnikih, ki so izpostavljeni naglim spremembam navora ali navornim sunkom.
Slika 3 prikazuje daljinsko krmiljenje 33 sklopnih vilic 27 s pomočjo prožila 34. Z navedeno opremo lahko upravljavec motoriziranega sredstva vklaplja in izklaplja sklopko 29 z voznikovega mesta.

Claims (18)

  1. Patentni zahtevki
    3.
    Naprava z motorgeneratorjem, ki ga poganja motor z notranjim zgorevanjem (1), prednostno batni motor, namenjena generiranju enosmernega oz. izmeničnega toka oz. poganjanju motoriziranega sredstva, zlasti čolna, ladje, jahte, jadrnice, plavajočega žerjava, poljedelskega stroja, rovokopača ipd., označena s tem, da je brezkrtačni visokofrekvenčni, prednostno trifazni motorgenerator (2) priključen na DC/AC pretvornik (16), nameščen v okrovu (11) vztrajnika med motorjem (1) in menjalnikom (9), z rotorjem (3) motorgeneratorj a s permanentnimi magneti (26) , prosto vrtljivo vgrajenim na podaljšek (15) ročične gredi prek ležajev (22 in 41) ter spojenim z vstopno gredjo (8) menjalnika prek sklopke (29), ki je prednostno palčna sklopka s prestavami na lastovičji rep (6), ki v vklopljenem stanju spaja ročično gred ali podaljšek (15) ročične gredi z motorgeneratorjem (2) in z vstopno gredjo (8) menjalnika.
    Naprava po zahtevku 1, označena s tem, da je med rotorjem (25) in sklopko (29) vdelan blažilnik torzijskih vibracij.
    Naprava po zahtevku 2, označena s tem, da blažilnik torzijskih vibracij sestoji predvsem iz blažilnega materiala (23), integriranega med statorjem (25) motorgeneratorj a in blažilno gredjo (24), ki je uležajena z ležajem (39).
    Naprava po zahtevkih od 1 do 3, označena s tem, da je podaljšek (15) ročične gredi spojen z vstopno gredjo (8) menjalnika prek ležaja (37), ki je prednostno valjčni ležaj (38).
  2. 5. Naprava po zahtevkih od 1 do 4, označena s tem, da je zunanji premer vztrajnika (13) manjši od notranjega premera statorskih navitij (12) motorgeneratorj a.
  3. 6. Naprava po zahtevkih od 1 do 5, označena s tem, da vzvod (27) sklopnih vilic mehansko vklaplja oz. izklaplja sklopko.
  4. 7. Naprava po zahtevkih od 1 do 6, označena s tem, da se vzvod sklopnih vilic vklaplja in izklaplja z daljinsko krmiljenim (33) električnim prožilom (34 na sliki 3).
  5. 8. Naprava po zahtevkih od 1 do 7, označena s tem, da so sklopka (29), elementa sklopke (6 in 28) ter ležaj (37) med podaljškom (15) ročične gredi in vstopno gredjo (8) menjalnika mazani s permanentnim mazivom.
  6. 9. Naprava po zahtevkih od 1 do 8, označena s tem, da so sklopka (29), elementa sklopke (6 in 28) ter ležaj (37) med podaljškom (15) ročične gredi in vstopno gredjo (8) menjalnika mazani z mazivom menj alnika (9) .
  7. 10. Naprava po zahtevkih od 1 do 9, označena s tem, da so sklopka (29), elementa sklopke (6 in 28) ter ležaj (37) med podaljškom (15) ročične gredi in vstopno gredjo (8) menjalnika integrirani v ohišju menjalnika.
  8. 11. Naprava po zahtevkih od 1 do 10, označena s tem, da je električni motorgenerator (2), ko deluje zgolj kot motor, krmiljen z DC/AC pretvornikom (16), ki omogoča vrtenje v obe smeri.
  9. 12. Naprava po zahtevkih od 1 do 11, označena s tem, da je menjalnik vgrajen zgolj kot reduktor vrtilne frekvence motorja za propelersko obratovanje, medtem ko se za vzvratno vožnjo motoriziranega sredstva vklopi le električni pogon, in to z obratno frekvenco DC/AC pretvornika (16).
  10. 13. Naprava po zahtevkih od 1 do 12, označena s tem, da so statorska navitja (12) motorgeneratorja vezana vzporedno z usmernikom (17) za enosmerni izhod motorgeneratorj a, daljinsko uravnavano frekvenco in napetostjo iz DC/AC pretvornika (16).
  11. 14. Naprava po zahtevkih od 1 do 13, označena s tem, da sta frekvenca in napetost DC/AC pretvornika (16) krmiljeni z daljinskim krmilnikom (30).
  12. 15. Naprava po zahtevkih od 1 do 14, označena s tem, da frekvenčno krmiljeni DC/AC pretvornik (16) omogoča motorgeneratorju, da zažene motor z notranjim zgorevanjem (1).
  13. 16. Naprava po zahtevkih od 1 do 15, označena s tem, da je DC/AC pretvornik (16) vzporedno z DC/DC pretvornikom (19) in DC/AC inverterjem (31) priključen na baterije (20), pri čemer se navedeni DC/AC inverter krmili prek daljinskega krmiljenja (36) .
  14. 17. Naprava po zahtevkih od 1 do 6, označena s tem, da nima jermensko gnanega alternatorja in klinastega ali večklinastega jermena.
  15. 18. Naprava po zahtevkih od 1 do 17, označena s tem, da črpalko za hladilno morsko vodo za motor z notranjim zgorevanjem ali njegov toplotni izmenjevalnik poganja elektromotor.
  16. 19. Naprava po zahtevkih od 1 do 18, označena s tem, da je hitrost elektromotorja za črpalko za hladilno morsko vodo termostatsko uravnavana.
  17. 20. Naprava po zahtevkih od 1 do 19, označena s tem, da so vodniki, ki povezujejo navitja motorgeneratorja z DC/AC pretvornikom (16) in DC/AC usmernikom (17), speljani skozi okrov (11) vztrajnika znotraj za vodo neprepustnega priključka (35).
  18. 21. Naprava po zahtevkih od 1 do 20, označena s tem, da je med okrovom (11) vztrajnika motorja (1) in menjalnikom (9) nameščeno tesnilo.
SI200500359A 2005-12-29 2005-12-29 Motorgenerator uporaben kot generatr elektricnegatoka, zaganjalnik motorjev z notranjm zgorevanjemter primarni pogonski stroj SI22189A (sl)

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EP06824661A EP1976749A1 (en) 2005-12-29 2006-12-27 Generator-motor used for electric power supply, starting the internal combustion engine and prime mover propulsion
PCT/SI2006/000040 WO2007075148A1 (en) 2005-12-29 2006-12-27 Generator-motor used for electric power supply, starting the internal combustion engine and prime mover propulsion

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