SE507662C2 - Way and device at grenade magazine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and a device within a magazine system for artillery guns (2) for stowing and when required retrieving artillery projectiles (8). The system is based on a form of indexable feed conveyor constituting a main magazine consisting of projectile holders (7', 7'') and whereby the interacting bi-magazines (11', 11'', 12', 12'', 18, 19) located forward of the said main magazine and beside the artillery gun (2) may also be designed as conveyor magazines (11', 11'', 12', 12'') or as compartment magazines (18, 19). In all of the magazines the projectiles (8) are stowed with their own longitudinal axis parallel to the barrel of the gun (2). The invention also includes different methods and devices (33, 34, 27-32) for transporting projectiles (8) between the various magazines. The principle is that it shall be possible to retrieve any projectile as the first projectile irrespective of where and in which magazine it is stowed when the order is given to retrieve that specific projectile. Retrieval of projectiles for feeding to the loading pendulum of the gun is always via the main magazine. If one of the bi-magazines in the version shown in the Figure is to be passed, it is necessary for this bi-magazine, and always of the main magazine, to make available an empty projectile holder (7', 7''). In other versions the projectiles are transferred to the main magazine via the linear feed module, but even in this case an empty projectile holder is required.

Description

507 662 z of not only handling and storing many different types of grenades but also handling and storing grenades of completely different lengths.

The present invention now has for its object to offer a new way of handling artillery grenades within a magazine system and a new type of grenade magazine adapted thereto. The main advantage of the invention is that as a result it provides a compact storage of the grenades at the same time as all grenades in the magazine are available for firing at short notice. Because the device according to the invention also makes it possible to store the grenades far in front of the artillery piece's loading opening, it is possible to avoid making the complete piece too heavy at the rear. Namely, the invention is based on the magazine being divided into several groups arranged one after the other within which the grenades are stored in parallel with each other and in parallel with the barrel of the artillery piece. The invention is essentially based on the use of a main magazine of the paternoster chain type combined with adapted magazine magazines.

The division into several such magazine groups, one or more of which are arranged next to the piece and in front of its loading opening while at least some group extends behind the piece at the distance required for piece cooling and for charging pendulum, employees etc., means that said rear magazines have access to a larger space than the others. The invention thus comprises the use of a larger main magazine from which the grenades are retrieved at the time of loading and one or more secondary magazines which are partly used to store spare and less frequently used types of grenade and partly to refill the main magazine when needed.

According to the invention, the main magazine as previously indicated has the shape of a stepwise feedable paternoster chain running over a number of break wheels in a loop which gives the best possible storage density with respect to available space for a larger number of paternoster chain connected or preferably the same interconnected storage housings for each a grenade. By using a paternoster chain running in tightly packed loops as the main magazine and at the same time placing this main magazine at the distance behind the play's charge opening required for the play's recoil and for its charge pendulum used in each charging operation, the transfer of the grenades between the main magazine and the charge pendulum can also be facilitated. most significantly. The Paternoster chain is easily fitted with a stop position for the bearing housings immediately behind the charging pendulum rest position and the grenade stored in the respective bearing housing can then be easily pushed over into the charging pendulum by an ejector cooperating with the bearing housing.

In a first alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention, the secondary magazines also consist of stepwise feeders of corresponding type of bearing housing, for a grenade each, formed paternoster chains, which run over adapted break wheels in loops adapted to the space available at the location. The head and side magazines can then be placed as close to each other as can be accepted, given the longest branch that you wish to handle within the system. According to a variant of the invention, since all magazines, ie the main magazine and the supplementary magazines, are of the paternoster chain type, all magazine chains can be provided with common stop positions. As a result, provided that both an intermediate and a receiving magazine have empty warehouses, grenades can be transferred between different paternoster chains with the help of special ejectors which move the grenades out of one warehouse and into another. If necessary, you can also pass one or more main or secondary magazines. The sub-magazines can then, for example, be filled from the outside via the main magazine.

According to a second variant, the grenades are moved between the main magazine and the sub-magazines by a purely linear grenade conveyor, while the sub-magazines still consist of chain magazines of the paternoster type. In this variant, however, the grenades are moved between the grenade conveyor and the various magazines across their own longitudinal direction.

In another variant, the secondary reservoirs consist of simple downhole reservoirs, while the main reservoir still consists of the previously described paternoster chain. Under the drop shaft magazines, in this variant, there is a transport device for displacing grenades picked up from the respective drop shafts transversely and longitudinally to a stopping position common to the main magazine's paternoster chain. In this stop position, the grenade retrieved from one of the bin shafts' drop shafts by an ejector can then be transferred to an empty warehouse in the main magazine. If desired, the same grenade can then be immediately transferred to the play's charge pendulum via the main magazine. 507 662 4 The sub-magazines of the drop shaft type are supplied with and deliver grenades to the grenade transport device which can be displaced longitudinally and transversely below the drop shaft via discharge openings provided with special discharge barriers arranged in the bottom of each drop shaft. For this retrieval and delivery of grenades, a displacement of the grenades in height is thus required. This can be done, for example, with a lift of the conventional type built into the grenade transport device with a limited lifting height. At the same time, the drop shaft, which has already been indicated in its respective discharge opening, must be provided with locking means which retain the grenades in the respective drop shaft but which can also be moved aside if the lowest grenade is to be picked up or a new grenade added under the former.

The above-mentioned transport device arranged under the drop shaft may, for example, consist of a slider conveyor, displaceable arranged in pairs in two perpendicular directions, in which the above-mentioned height-lifting device can be built.

The invention has been defined in the following claims and it will now be described somewhat further in connection with the accompanying figures.

Of the figures, Figure 1 shows an X-ray sketch of the grenade storage system in an artillery piece encapsulated in an armor tower and Figure 2 a variant of the grenade storage system according to Figure 1. Figure 3 an X-ray sketch of the same piece but with a variant of said storage system and Figure 4 basically the same figure as Figure 3 but with a drop shaft magazine eliminated in order for the grenade transport device arranged below them to appear more clearly and finally Figure 5 a section on a larger scale in accordance with the section marking V in Figure 1 p 507 662 Figure 6 the same view as Figure 5 but new from Figure 2 (the section marking there designated VI) Figure 7 a detail of a bearing housing included in the chain magazine according to Figure 1 Figure 8 an alternative construction of the bearing housing of the paternoster chain, for example for the device according to Figures 2, 3 and 4.

In all figures, the corresponding details have been given the same reference numerals regardless of projection and scale.

With regard to the figures, it also applies that all details in the armored tower in question which are not directly necessary for the understanding of the invention have been excluded for the sake of clarity. Thus, for example, the entire armor tower on the left side of the figures has been left completely empty, despite the fact that this entire space is actually occupied by a fully automatic charging system for preparing and employing the propellant charges necessary for firing the grenades.

An artillery piece 2 is arranged in the armored tower 1 marked on the figures with simple dotted lines. The latter's loading opening is marked 3. The artillery piece includes a main magazine 4 which is always designed as a step-by-step patternoster chain formed in a loop 5 over undrawn breaking rollers formed by bearing housings 7 '(see Figure 7) and 7 ", respectively, connected to hinge links 6. (see Figure 8) each holding a grenade Figure 7 shows bearing housings 7 'with open ends where the grenades are supplied and retrieved from the bearing housings by an axial longitudinal displacement while Figure 8 shows a bearing housing which is fully openable and where the grenades are delivered and delivered In Figures 1-5, the bearing housings and the drive motor 5 'of the paternoster chain 5' have not been plotted as they only concern the use of known technology. However, along the paternoster chain loops plotted in the figures, a small number of grenades 8 have been plotted to symbolize the different positions that the grenades can occupy along the respective loop 5. In reality, however, the loop 5 must be filled with each other l widowed by either of the types 7 or 7 'warehouse with internal grenades. If all these had been drawn, the figures would have become completely confusing. As can be seen from Figure 7, the respective bearing housing 7 'may, for example, be in the form of a tube provided with a longitudinal slot 9 and open ends which is connected to the next bearing housing 7' by means of the hinge links 6. The slot 9 is for a ejectors arranged outside the paternoster chain must be able to reach in and, if necessary, push the grenade 8 out of and into the relevant bearing housing 7 ', respectively.

In this variant, ejectors only need to be present at a limited number of places along the loop 5 of the paternoster chain, namely at the point where the bearing housings are filled or looted on their grenade contents, where the bearing housings are connected to the piece 1 charge pendulum 10, where the bearing housings are directly connected to the piece. loading opening 3 and where the bearing housings are connected to other magazine parts, ie the sub-magazines discussed in the following. The movement of grenades between the main and secondary magazines takes place in this variant by a simple longitudinal displacement of the grenades from one magazine and over and into another.

In the examples shown, the side magazines for reserve and supplementary grenades are placed in front of the main magazine 4. Also in these magazines, the grenades are arranged in the main direction of the piece 1, ie parallel to the main magazine's 4 grenades.

In a variant illustrated in Figure 1, the side magazines 11 'and 12', respectively, consist of two separate paternoster chains arranged one above the other in front of the other, each of which preferably follows the same loop pattern 13 and 14, respectively. The paternoster chains in the magazine 11 'and 12' have at least one stop that is linearly common with a stop for the main magazine 4 patemoster chain. At this stop or stop area 15 (see, for example, Figures 1 and 5), all paternoster chains can thus be fed so that their respective bearing housings there are completely in line with each other. In this stop position, grenades can thus be freely transferred between the various paternoster chains, provided that the relevant warehouses where the grenade is to be moved or through which the grenade is to pass are empty. The bidirectional arrow 36 marks the grenades 8 in this position (15 in Figure 5) can be displaced linearly between the magazines 4 ', 11' and 12 '. The stop position 15 'in Figures 1 and 5 marks a filling position where the bearing housings of the paternoster chain 4 are accessible from the outside for filling via a hatch in the armored tower. Even in stop position 15 for this variant there can be a filling position from the outside. 7 507 662 Assuming that you always have a bearing housing 7 'free in each paternoster chain, grenades can then be moved freely between the different magazines. The filling of the secondary magazines then takes place preferably via the main magazine 4, which can be accessed from the outside via the openable door intended for the above-mentioned above. Correspondingly, the sub-magazines can be looted via the main magazine.

The desired grenades from the main magazine 4 can at either different stopping points 16 and 17 for the bearing housings either be transferred to the charging pendulum 10 or directly transferred to the charging opening 3. The latter alternative presupposes that the piece 2 is dumped to its zero position.

This combination magazine is very flexible but contains many moving parts with three different paternoster chains.

In a second variant of the charging system according to the invention illustrated in Figure 2, just as in the device according to Figure 1, three paternoster chain magazines are used. One main magazine 4 'and two sub-magazines 11 "and 12" respectively.

In all these magazines, however, the paternoster chains are made up of the variant of bearing housings shown in Figure 8, which as the arrows in the figure suggest are fully openable so that the grenade 8 can be supplied and picked up from the respective magazine across its own longitudinal direction. For the transfer of the grenades 8 between the different magazines, a linear transport device indicated in Figure 2 is used according to this variant in the form of a grenade cradle 34 which is axially displaceable along a rail 33. The latter is thus displaced right next to the paternoster chain magazines and can be adapted at suitable stops. pick up and drop off the grenades 8 to the respective magazine 4 ', 11 "or 12". If desired, the axial displacement of the grenades 8 between the main magazine 4 'and the charge pendulum 10 can be maintained, but it is also an alternative to transfer the grenades to the charge pendulum 10 via a corresponding linear transport device. Another variant of the device according to the invention is illustrated primarily in Figure 3. Also in this variant, the bearing housing 7 "of the paternoster chain 4 'is assumed to be of the type shown in Figure 8, ie openable laterally. 507 662 s Armor tower 1, piece 2 and main magazine 4 is here of the same design as with the device according to Figure 2. On the other hand, the sub-magazines 18 and 19, respectively, have been given a different design, namely these are designed as drop shaft magazines each with three drop shafts 20-22 and 23-25, respectively. bottom with openable locking means arranged on command arranged to deliver a grenade 8 at a time to a grenade conveyor 28 displaceable along all the downhole magazines along guides arranged therein and 27, respectively. The latter is then provided with a stopping position which it has in common with the main stomach. - the paternoster chain of the sinet 4, where grenades can be transferred from the grenade conveyor to a suitable empty warehouse in the main warehouse nets paternoster chain. The transfer of the grenades to the charge pendulum 10 of the piece 1 or directly to the charge opening takes place as in the variant according to Figure 2 via the main magazine.

Figure 4 shows some further details regarding the grenade conveyor 28.

As previously mentioned, it is longitudinally displaceable along the guides 26 and 27. In addition, it is laterally displaceable along two transverse axes 29, 30.

For the displacement in the longitudinal and transverse direction, two electric motors 31, 32 are used. 35 marks a filling position from which the grenade conveyor 28 is accessible from the outside via a hatch for supplying new grenades to the magazine. Also filling position 15, 15 '(according to Figs. 1-3) would be provided that necessary external gaps are possible to use for filling from the outside, whereby the main magazine transports the grenades 8 to position 35 where the grenade conveyor 28 takes over and transports the grenades 8 further to the secondary magazines.

Claims (10)

9,507,662 PATENT CLAIMS 1. In the case of magazine systems for artillery pieces equipped with preferably fully or semi-automatic loading systems, store and, if necessary, in any order, previously stored artillery grenades (8), of which the piece itself entails a number of ready-to-use immediate characteristics. in that the grenades (8) to be stored are distributed over several successively arranged groups (4, 11, 12, 18, 19) within which the grenades (8) are stored in adapted magazines with their own longitudinal direction parallel to the main direction of the barrel and wherein at least one of these groups is formed as a tightly packed stepwise feedable paternoster chain loop (4, 4 ') of bearing housings (7', 7 ") connected by hinge links, each of which is designed to accommodate a grenade and wherein said paternoster chain loop (4, 4 ') is used as the main magazine and via one or more stops adapted for the warehouses (7 '7 ") are given the opportunity to communicate with and in both supply and delivery be able to deliver and pick up grenades (8) from front of their own location and completely adjacent to the piece (1) arranged magazine (11 ', 11 ", 12', 12"). 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the grenades (8) are transferred between the main magazine (4) and the sub-magazines (11 ', 12') by a linear displacement in their main main direction of each grenade from its original bearing position to the new warehouse mode, whereby the respective warehouse modes were initially arranged in line with each other. 3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the grenades (8) are moved between the main magazine (4 ') and the secondary magazine via a transverse and longitudinal displacement combined in relation to the grenades' own longitudinal direction. 4. A method according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the grenades (8) in the sub-magazines are stored above and next to each other in so-called drop shaft magazines (18, 19). 507 662 w Grenade magazines (4, 4 ', 11', 11 ", 12 ', 12", 18 and 19) for use in accordance with the method according to claim 1, in those artillery pieces (2) provided with fully or semi-automatic charging systems, which in dedicated magazines arranged in immediate connection with the piece (2) entails a certain amount of emergency ammunition ready for immediate use for storage and, if necessary, in any order the discharge of said grenades (8) characterized by the fact that it is divided in several successively arranged groups (4, 4 ', 11, 12, 18, 19) within which the grenades (8) are stored in parallel with each other and with the main direction of the barrel, and these magazine groups (4, 11, 12, 18, 19 ) comprises a main magazine (4, 4 ') in the form of a bearing housing (7', 7 ") connected in a tightly packed loop (5) of a stepwise feedable paternoster chain consisting of interconnected links (6) arranged by hinges (6), each and one with space for a grenade (8) and wherein said front magazine (4) and completely next to the piece (2) are arranged one or two bimagas (11, 12, 18, 19) arranged in line one after the other for further grenades and said bimagasin (11, 12, 18, 19) are combined with feeding devices with which grenades can be fed between all magazines. Pomegranate magazine according to Claim 5, characterized in that the magazine (11 ', 11 ", 12', 12") are designed as stepwise feedable in loops (13, 14) of paternoster chains of the same type as the main magazine ( 4). A grenade magazine according to claim 6, characterized in that the paternoster chain of the main magazine (4) and the paternoster chains of the secondary magazines (11 ', 12') have at least one common stop position (15) for the own feeding function where the respective housing of the paternoster chains ( 7 ') are in a straight line with each other and where a grenade stored in a bearing housing (7') at a paternoster chain by means of an axially acting ejector can be displaced to a vacant bearing housing (7 ') braked in the same stop position in an adjacent paternoster chain. Pomegranate magazine according to Claim 6, characterized in that the magazine housing (7 ") of each magazine can be opened laterally and the movement of the grenades between the magazines is carried out with a simple linear conveyor which picks up and delivers grenades to and from at appropriate stops. these stops braked locked and laterally opened bearing housings (7 "). 11 507 662 A grenade magazine according to claim 5, characterized in that the secondary magazine (18, 19) consists of a fall shaft magazine in which the grenades are stored one above the other in parallel shafts. Grenade magazine according to Claim 9, characterized in that the respective drop shafts (20-25) within the sub-magazines (18, 19) each have an outlet opening which can be opened at its bottom and which is arranged below all the outlet openings of the sub-magazines. ammunition conveyor (29) displaceable with and across the magazine magazines by means of which a grenade (8) taken from a magazine can be transferred to a vacant bearing housing (7 ', 7 ") in the main magazine.