SE467497B - Device for mechanically processing raw peat when producing peat pieces - Google Patents

Device for mechanically processing raw peat when producing peat pieces

Info

Publication number
SE467497B
SE467497B SE9001901A SE9001901A SE467497B SE 467497 B SE467497 B SE 467497B SE 9001901 A SE9001901 A SE 9001901A SE 9001901 A SE9001901 A SE 9001901A SE 467497 B SE467497 B SE 467497B
Authority
SE
Sweden
Prior art keywords
peat
chamber
screw
pieces
screw conveyor
Prior art date
Application number
SE9001901A
Other languages
Swedish (sv)
Other versions
SE9001901D0 (en
SE9001901L (en
Inventor
B Nilsson
Original Assignee
Bn Konsult I Umeaa Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bn Konsult I Umeaa Ab filed Critical Bn Konsult I Umeaa Ab
Priority to SE9001901A priority Critical patent/SE467497B/en
Publication of SE9001901D0 publication Critical patent/SE9001901D0/en
Publication of SE9001901L publication Critical patent/SE9001901L/en
Publication of SE467497B publication Critical patent/SE467497B/en

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10FDRYING OR WORKING-UP OF PEAT
    • C10F7/00Working-up peat
    • C10F7/02Disintegrating peat

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method of increasing the degree of kneading of peat when producing peat pieces using a device consisting of cutting/tearing elements 1b which are attached to one or more rotating axles 1a which cooperate with a parallel screw conveyor 2. The kneading takes place in a closed chamber. The peat is conveyed in and out, respectively, of the chamber by the screw conveyor 2. Inside the chamber, the peat is processed (kneaded) by the elements 1b on the rotating axle 1a at the same time as the peat is moved forward through the chamber by the same screw conveyor 2. When the chamber is provided with several axles 1a having cutting/tearing elements 1b, the screw conveyor 2 is also used to distribute and feed the peat between the elements belonging to the different axles. <IMAGE>

Description

467 497 L BESKRIVNING AV UPPFINNINGEN En axel(1a) är försedd med ett antal radíellt fastsatta bearbetningsorgan(1b) sammantaget benämnt rotorn(1). Rotorn roterar med hög hastighet varvid i torven ingående växtstrukturer skärs/krossas/rivs sönder så att strukturerna blir mindre och så att det i strukturernas celler inneslutna vattnet frigörs. 467 497 L DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A shaft (1a) is provided with a number of radially fixed machining means (1b) collectively referred to as the rotor (1). The rotor rotates at a high speed, whereby plant structures included in the peat are cut / crushed / torn so that the structures become smaller and so that the water enclosed in the cells of the structures is released.

Rotorn är tillsammans med en transportskruv(2) inneslutna i en kammare. Rotorns axel är parallell med skruvens axel. Enheterna (1) och (2) är placerade så nära varandra som möjligt och har samma rotationsriktning.The rotor is enclosed in a chamber together with a transport screw (2). The axis of the rotor is parallel to the axis of the screw. The units (1) and (2) are placed as close to each other as possible and have the same direction of rotation.

Transportskruven kommer in i kammaren genom dess främre gavel och löper samman- hängande genom kammaren och ut genom dess bakre gavel. Framom och bakom kammaren är skruven omsluten av en tub med något större diameter än skruven. och har då enbart funktionen att transportera torven i axiell riktning.The transport screw enters the chamber through its front end and runs continuously through the chamber and out through its rear end. In front of and behind the chamber, the screw is enclosed by a tube with a slightly larger diameter than the screw. and then has only the function of transporting the peat in the axial direction.

Rotorn finns bara inom kammaren. Rotorernas antal per skruv kan vara en eller flera. På fig 1 har illustrerats ett utförande med två rotorer per skruv.The rotor is only inside the chamber. The number of rotors per screw can be one or more. Fig. 1 has illustrated an embodiment with two rotors per screw.

Kammaren är i princip utformad som en cylinder med en parallell.främreG5) och bakre(6) gavel. Kammarens tvärsnitt är dock ej cirkulär, se figur 1. Gavlarna är så utformade att manteln(3) nära omsluter rotorn på ca dess halva omkrets och även nära omsluter skruven på en del av dess omkrets i lägena “kl 12" och "kl 6" enligt vad som illustreras på fig 1. Väljes utförande med bara en rotor per skruv skall manteln nära omsluta skruven på ca dess halva omkrets.The chamber is basically designed as a cylinder with a parallel front (G5) and rear (6) end. However, the cross section of the chamber is not circular, see figure 1. The ends are designed so that the jacket (3) closely encloses the rotor at about its half circumference and also closely encloses the screw on part of its circumference in the positions "at 12" and "at 6" as illustrated in Fig. 1. If the design is chosen with only one rotor per screw, the jacket should closely enclose the screw at approximately its half circumference.

' Rotorns diameter i förhållande till skruvens diameter är valfri. Allmänt gällër d0Ck att Bflergiifisëfßefl för att driva rotorn ökar med ökad diameter.The diameter of the rotor in relation to the diameter of the screw is optional. In general, however, the B fl ergii fi sëfße fl for driving the rotor increases with increasing diameter.

En transportskruvs förmåga att transportera gods i axiell riktning är bl a beroende av att en motkraft till den centrifugalkraft som alstras av skruvens ' rotation, kan erhållas i skruvens periferi'som tex i detta fall av manteln.The ability of a transport screw to transport goods in the axial direction depends, among other things, on the fact that a counterforce to the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the screw can be obtained in the periphery of the screw, as in this case of the jacket.

Inget hindrar dock att manteln placeras längre bort från skruvens periferi och att den erforderliga motkraften erhålles från t ex den torv som därvid kommer att accumuleras mellan skruven och manteln. ' Före kammaren löper skruven(2) i en tub(4) med något större diameter än skruven. Av centrifugalkraften från skruvens roterande rörelse tvingas torven dels ut mot skruvens periferi och dels framåt på grund av de motkrafter som uppstår mot tubens mantel. När skruven når kammaren och motkrafterna från tubens mantel upphör, pressastorven ut mot någon av rotorerna, t ex den vänstra, där den bearbetas av de roterande organen samtidigt som den bringas runt rotorn, mellan rotorn och kammarens mantel, i ca ett halvt varv innan den av rotorns centrifugalkraft kastas mot skruvens övre del. Innan torven därefter av skruvens centrifugalkraft pressas ut mot den högra rotorn, kommer torven genom de motkrafter som temporärt erhålles från manteln i läge "kl 12" även att förflyttas en viss sträcka i axiell riktning. Efter att ha bearbetats av och även tvingats runt den högra rotorn, kastas torven mot skruvens undre del. Innan torven åter pressas ut mot den vänstra rotorn kommer torven även ' här att förflyttas en viss sträcka i axiell riktning på grund av de motkrafter som temporärt erhålles från manteln i läge "kl 6" Torven kommer på detta sätt att förflytta sig mellan kammarens främre och bakre gavel i en elliptisk spiralformad rörelse som erhålles genom samverkan mellan skruv och rotor/er. Varje torvpartikel kommer under passagen genom kammaren ett flertal gånger att träffas av de roterande organen.However, there is nothing to prevent the casing from being placed further away from the periphery of the screw and that the required counterforce is obtained from, for example, the peat which will then accumulate between the screw and the casing. 'Before the chamber, the screw (2) runs in a tube (4) with a slightly larger diameter than the screw. Due to the centrifugal force from the rotating movement of the screw, the peat is forced partly towards the periphery of the screw and partly forwards due to the counter-forces which arise against the jacket of the tube. When the screw reaches the chamber and the counter forces from the tube sheath cease, the peat is pressed out towards one of the rotors, eg the left one, where it is machined by the rotating members while being moved around the rotor, between the rotor and the chamber sheath, for about half a turn before of the centrifugal force of the rotor is thrown towards the upper part of the screw. Before the peat is subsequently pressed out by the centrifugal force of the screw against the right-hand rotor, the peat will also be moved a certain distance in the axial direction by the counter-forces which are temporarily obtained from the jacket in position "at 12". After being worked off and also forced around the right rotor, the peat is thrown against the lower part of the screw. Before the peat is pressed out again against the left rotor, the peat will also be moved a certain distance in the axial direction here due to the counter-forces which are temporarily obtained from the jacket in position "at 6". The peat will in this way move between the front and rear end in an elliptical helical movement obtained by the interaction between screw and rotor / s. During the passage through the chamber, each peat particle will be hit several times by the rotating members.

Efter kammaren fortsätter skruven i en tub(7) med något större diameter än skruven. Skruvens funktion är här enbart att axiellt förflytta den ältade torven ut från kammaren och till de i skruvens ände placerade munstyckena. 1 4e7g497 Rotorerna kan med fördel kombineras med någon av de ordinarie transport- skruvar som redan finns på de i marknaden förekommande stycketorvmaskinerna.After the chamber, the screw continues in a tube (7) with a slightly larger diameter than the screw. The function of the screw here is only to axially move the kneaded peat out of the chamber and to the nozzles located at the end of the screw. 1 4e7g497 The rotors can advantageously be combined with one of the ordinary transport screws that are already on the piece peat machines on the market.

Vid sådant förfarande kompletteras stycketorvmaskinen med en kammare med rotor(-er) genom vilken den ordinarie transportskruven får passera.In such a procedure, the piece peat machine is supplemented with a chamber with rotor (s) through which the ordinary transport screw may pass.

UPPFINNINGENS FÖRDELAR Genom den intensiva mekaniska bearbetningen(ältningen) kommer råtorvens fysiska struktur och egenskaper att förändras/påverkas på sådant sätt att andelen fina partiklar ökar liksom andelen obundet vatten. Råtorvens plastiska egenskaper kommer härvid påtagligt att förändras på sådant sätt att torvmassans formbarhet och smidighet ökar vilket innebär att torv - massans friktionsegenskaper minskar. Man kan även påstå att man genom ältningen artificiellt förändrar humifieringsgraden då låghumifierad torv efter optimal ältning erhåller lika egenskaper som höghumifierad torv.BENEFITS OF THE INVENTION Through the intensive mechanical processing (kneading), the physical structure and properties of the raw peat will be changed / affected in such a way that the proportion of fine particles increases as well as the proportion of unbound water. The plastic properties of the peat will significantly change in such a way that the formability and flexibility of the peat mass increases, which means that the friction properties of the peat mass decrease. It can also be said that the kneading artificially changes the degree of humification as low-humified peat after optimal kneading acquires the same properties as high-humified peat.

Vid produktion av stycketorv ger de förändrade egenskaperna stora fördelar - råtorv med lägre vattenhalt kan användas utan att formbarheten försämras eller att energiförbrukningen blir större pga ökad friktion. - färdig produkt får högre specifik vikt vilket medför att torvstyckenas hårdhet och därmed även hållfasthet ökar samtidigt som benägenheten för återfuktning minskar. - de färdiga torvstyckenas specifika volym och därmed även bulkvolym minskar Vid framställning av stycketorv uppstår normalt ett'avsevärt svinn(30-50%) i produktionskedjan mellan upplägg och stack. Svinnet beror till största del på att torvstyckena bryts och smulas sönder i den fysiska hanteringen.In the production of piece peat, the changed properties offer great advantages - raw peat with a lower water content can be used without the formability deteriorating or the energy consumption becoming greater due to increased friction. - finished product has a higher specific weight, which means that the hardness of the peat pieces and thus also strength increases at the same time as the tendency to moisturize decreases. - The specific volume of the finished pieces of peat and thus also the volume of bulk decreases In the production of piece peat, a considerable loss (30-50%) normally occurs in the production chain between stack and stack. The loss is largely due to the pieces of peat being broken and crumbled in the physical handling.

Om torvstyckenas hårdhet och hållfasthet ökar, minskar således svinnet.Thus, if the hardness and strength of the peat pieces increase, the shrinkage decreases.

Utbytet blir med andra ord större om råtorven ältas i tillräcklig omfattning.In other words, the yield will be greater if the raw peat is kneaded to a sufficient extent.

Produktionskostnaden för stycketorv är volymrelaterad. Eftersom optimal ältning även medför att bulkvolymen minskar blir den totala kostnadsökningen för det ökade utbytet endast marginell.The production cost for piece peat is volume-related. Since optimal kneading also means that the bulk volume decreases, the total cost increase for the increased yield is only marginal.

Den minskade förmågan för återfuktning innebär i praktiken att torktiden blirkortare. Denna egenskap i kombination med att råtorv med lägre vatten- halt än vad som normalt erfordras, kan användas,.gör att torkningsförloppet blir avsevärt kortare.The reduced ability to moisturize means in practice that the drying time becomes shorter. This property, in combination with the fact that raw peat with a lower water content than what is normally required, can be used, means that the drying process is considerably shorter.

Sammanfattningsvis innebär optimal ältning att avkastningen per ytenhet blir större att den ökade avkastningen kan erhållas med en mycket marginell ökning av produktionskostnaden atttidsåtgången per skördecykel blir mindre att en produkt av högsta kvalite, d v s hög humifiering, hög hållfasthet, hög densitet ochilåg bulkvolym, alltid erhålles oberoende av råtorvens kvalitet.In summary, optimal kneading means that the yield per unit area is greater, that the increased yield can be obtained with a very marginal increase in the production cost and that the time consumption per harvest cycle becomes smaller, that a product of the highest quality, ie high humification, high strength, high density and low bulk volume, is always obtained independently. of the quality of the raw peat.

Claims (1)

1. PATENTKRAV Anordning för mekanisk bearbetning (ältning) av råtorv vid stycketorvframställning, kännetecknat av att en eller flera rotorer(l), bestående av en axel(la) med radiellt anbringade skärande/rivande organ(lb), bearbetar torven i en sluten kammare tillsammans med och i samverkan med en parallellt löpande transportskruv(2) varvid transport- skruven(2) kommer in i kammaren genom dess främre gavel(5) och sammanhängande löper genom kammaren och ut genom dess bakre gavel(6). Transportskruven är före resp efter kammaren omsluten av en tub(4) resp.(7) med något större diameter än skruven och har härvid funktionen att i axiell riktning föra torven in till resp. ut ur kammaren.CLAIMS Claim for mechanical processing (kneading) of raw peat in the production of piece peat, characterized in that one or more rotors (1), consisting of a shaft (1a) with radially mounted cutting / tearing means (1b), process the peat in a closed chamber together with and in cooperation with a parallel running conveyor screw (2), the conveying screw (2) entering the chamber through its front end (5) and continuously running through the chamber and out through its rear end (6). The transport screw is enclosed before or after the chamber by a tube (4) or (7) with a slightly larger diameter than the screw and has the function of inserting the peat into the resp. out of the House.
SE9001901A 1990-05-28 1990-05-28 Device for mechanically processing raw peat when producing peat pieces SE467497B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9001901A SE467497B (en) 1990-05-28 1990-05-28 Device for mechanically processing raw peat when producing peat pieces

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9001901A SE467497B (en) 1990-05-28 1990-05-28 Device for mechanically processing raw peat when producing peat pieces

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
SE9001901D0 SE9001901D0 (en) 1990-05-28
SE9001901L SE9001901L (en) 1991-11-29
SE467497B true SE467497B (en) 1992-07-27

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SE9001901A SE467497B (en) 1990-05-28 1990-05-28 Device for mechanically processing raw peat when producing peat pieces

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SE (1) SE467497B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996027646A1 (en) * 1995-03-06 1996-09-12 Bn Konsult I Umeå Ab Regulator for adjustment of peat flow in connection with kneading of peat

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996027646A1 (en) * 1995-03-06 1996-09-12 Bn Konsult I Umeå Ab Regulator for adjustment of peat flow in connection with kneading of peat

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE9001901D0 (en) 1990-05-28
SE9001901L (en) 1991-11-29

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