SE448968B - Sammansatt produkt av expanderad polytetrafluoreten samt forfarande for framstellning av densamma - Google Patents

Sammansatt produkt av expanderad polytetrafluoreten samt forfarande for framstellning av densamma

Info

Publication number
SE448968B
SE448968B SE8100407A SE8100407A SE448968B SE 448968 B SE448968 B SE 448968B SE 8100407 A SE8100407 A SE 8100407A SE 8100407 A SE8100407 A SE 8100407A SE 448968 B SE448968 B SE 448968B
Authority
SE
Sweden
Prior art keywords
segments
microstructure
joint
ptfe
sheets
Prior art date
Application number
SE8100407A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
SE8100407L (sv
Inventor
J B Bowman
Original Assignee
Gore & Ass
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gore & Ass filed Critical Gore & Ass
Publication of SE8100407L publication Critical patent/SE8100407L/sv
Publication of SE448968B publication Critical patent/SE448968B/sv

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/12—Bonding of a preformed macromolecular material to the same or other solid material such as metal, glass, leather, e.g. using adhesives
    • C08J5/121—Bonding of a preformed macromolecular material to the same or other solid material such as metal, glass, leather, e.g. using adhesives by heating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/04—Hollow or tubular parts of organs, e.g. bladders, tracheae, bronchi or bile ducts
    • A61F2/06—Blood vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/36—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles
    • B29C53/38—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles by bending sheets or strips at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the article being formed and joining the edges
    • B29C53/385—Bending and joining, e.g. for making hollow articles by bending sheets or strips at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the article being formed and joining the edges using several sheets to form the circumference
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C61/00—Shaping by liberation of internal stresses; Making preforms having internal stresses; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C61/006—Shaping by liberation of internal stresses; Making preforms having internal stresses; Apparatus therefor the force created by the liberation of the internal stresses being used for compression moulding or for pressing preformed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/022—Particular heating or welding methods not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/82—Testing the joint
    • B29C65/8253—Testing the joint by the use of waves or particle radiation, e.g. visual examination, scanning electron microscopy, or X-rays
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/432—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/49—Internally supporting the, e.g. tubular, article during joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/826—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps without using a separate pressure application tool, e.g. the own weight of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8264—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps without using a separate pressure application tool, e.g. the own weight of the parts to be joined using the thermal expansion of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7371—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
    • B29C66/73711—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7371—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
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    • B29C66/73712—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented mono-axially
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Description

l0 \ r 0: Q _. m; CC 4 4. f kationer inte erbjuder nâgra allvarliga problem så är det vid andra, exempelvis vid filtrering och vid utbyte av kroppsdelar, mycket viktigt att strukturen är så likformig tom möjligt över hela föremålet. Om svetsning eller limning användes för att framställa stora föremål åstadkommes ett tätt icke-poröst område. A andra sidan kan syhopfogning ge områden, som har en större porositet än föremålets åter- stående del. Det har visat sig att mikrostrukturen hos noder och fibriller, som förekommer i produkter, vilka är till- verkade i enlighet med det amerikanska patentet nr 3 953 566, är speciellt önskvärd både såsom ett filtermedium och såsom yta för kontakt med blod och andra kroppsvätskor. Det skulle därför vara önskvärt att kunna framställa sammansatta, kom- plexa former genom sammanfogning av produkter av expanderad PTFE med denna mikrostruktur på sådant sätt, att mikrostruk- turen förblir praktiskt taget obruten över sammanfognings- stället eller fogen.
Kort beskrivning av uppfinningen.
Ett ändamål med uppfinningen är att åstadkomma ett förfarande för framställning av ett sammansatt, format PTFE- föremål. Ett dylikt föremål åstadkommes genom sammanfogning av segment av formade, mindre föremål. Dessa mindre segment sammanhålles tätt och deras temperatur ökas till en tempe- ratur över segmentens kristallina smältpunkt. De får sedan avkyla till rumstemperatur för underlättande av föremålets hantering. Ett ytterligare ändamål med uppfinningen är att åstadkomma ett sammansatt, format PTFE-föremål genom ovan- nämnda process med en praktiskt taget obruten mikrostruktur av noder, hopkopplade genom fibriller över fogen.
Kort beskrivning av ritningarna.
Figur l visar schematiskt en av utföringsformerna en- ligt uppfinningen.
Figurerna 2 -4(b) visar elektromikroskopfoton avseende olika ytor hos ett rör, som framställts enligt uppfinningens principer.
Detaljerad beskrivning av uppfinningen.
Förfarandet att binda PTFE till PTFE genom att meka- niskt hålla de tvâ delarna i kontakt och att upphetta dem l5 448 96 \_I över den kristallina smältpunkten för PTFE är-känt inom tekniken. I allmänhet har detta emellertid resulterat i en solid icke-porös fog. Enligt uppfinningen utnyttjas en mo- difikation av processen för framställning av en produkt, i vilken den nod-fibrill-mikrostruktur, som förekommer i de båda delarna, bibehålles praktiskt taget obruten över sömmen. Resultatet blir att en sömfri produkt åstadkommes.
I föreliggande sammanhang användes uttrycket "kanter" för att hänvisa till den del av den expanderade PTFE-produkten, vilken skall sammanfogas, varvid uttrycket "fog" hänför sig till det på detta sätt sammanfogade området. Föremålen hänför sig till varje formad tvärsektion, t.ex. rör, sta- var, ark eller segment.
PTFE-material är tillgängligt i många olika former, inklusive ark, stänger och rör. De föremål, som skall sam- manfogas, skäres för att erhålla erforderlig storlek. Hänsyn måste tagas till att säkerställa att de kanter, som skall förenas, är rena, dvs. varken ojämna eller förorenade. Det tvâ kanterna placeras sedan nära intill varandra, dvs. så att de berör varandra.
Om expanderad PTFE upphettas över materialets kristal- lina smältpunkt under det att det är obelastat så kommer det att tendera att krympa och smälta samman till en fast massa. För att därför säkerställa att de två för sammanfog- ning avsedda föremålen förblir i kontakt under upphett- ningen måste mekaniska medel användas för att hålla dem samman. ' .
Såsom visas i figur l kan exempelvis ett stort rör tillverkas av ark eller sektioner från ett flertal mindre rör. Arken 4 är avjämnade vid sina kanter 6(a) och 6(b) för att säkerställa att dessa kanter är rena, dvs. inte ojämna eller förorenade. Arken 4 lägges sedan runt en kärna 2. Kanterna 6(a) och 6(b) hos varje ark 4 befinner sig nära intill kanterna 6(a) och 6(b) hos det intilliggande arket. Ändarna hos arken A och B är vid dessa punkter fixerade med avseende på kärnan. Detta kan åstadkommas pä ett flertal olika sätt. t.ex. med hjälp av slangklämmor eller genom att arken bindes till kärnan med träd. Skälet till att fixera im nfffi 440 xuü röret på detta sätt är att förhindra längsgående retraktion av PTFE-materialet vid upphettning. E En remsa av expanderad PTFE-film med en bredd av app- roximativt l,9l cm och med en längsgående matrisdraghåll- fasthetsspänning av approximativt 4923 kp/cmz är spiralfor- migt lindad kring arken på kärnan och fäst vid änden av kärnan, så att remsan inte kan lindas upp. Vid upphettning krymper denna kvarhållande film, varvid tryck bibringas arken och kanterna 6(a) och 6(b) hålles i nära kontakt med varandra. En tillfredsställande film är kommersiellt till- gänglig såsom GORE-TEX-expanderad tråd. Ehuru lindning med en expanderad PTFE-film föredrages för att mekaniskt kvar- »hålla arkens kanter i kontakt under uppvärmningen så kan även andra medel användas.
En viktig faktor är att det mäste förekomma en viss kraft vinkelrätt mot fogen under sintring. När den runt röret lindade filmen drages tillbaka ger den den nödvändiga kraften.
Upphettningen av det lindade röret kan åstadkommas i ett saltbad, en luftugn, en strålningsugn eller med använd- ning av andra upphettningsmedel. Ett lämpligt saltbad kan bestå av en smält blandning av natriumnitrit och -nitrat och hâlles vid en temperatur över segmentens kristallinska smältpunkt. Röret avlägsnas sedan och tillåtes avsvalna under det att det fortfarande hålles obelastat. Tiden ovanför den kristallina smältpunkten kommer att variera beroende på den ingående massan av material samt hartsegenskaperna. Den exakta tiden för åstadkommande av en optimal bindning kommer att bero på ett antal faktorer, t.ex. materialmassa samt konfigurationen av den form, som åstadkommes. En dylik tid bestämmes emellertid lätt med ett minimum av experiment.
Följande exempel är avsett att åskådliggöra men inte att begränsa uppfinningen. Tekniken kan användas vid någon av ett flertal former och storlekar, varvid det är viktigt att bibehålla en praktiskt taget obruten mikrostruktur över varje sammanfogningslinje eller fog. fa EšEMEEL_l Tre 6,5 cm 1ånga 1200-segment skars ut från rör med eninre diameter av 20 mm, varvid röret hade ti11verkats en- 1igt förfarandena i det amerikanska patentet nr 3 953 566.
Det använda hartset var F1uon 123 vi1ket är ett finkornigt PTFE-harts§ som finns ti11gäng1igt i hande1n. Dessa segment avputsades noggrant för att säkerstä11a att de för an1igg- ning mot varandra avsedda kanterna var rena. Segmenten p1a- cerades därefter noggrant runt ett jämnt rör av rostfritt stå1 med en yttre diameter av 20 mm. Segmenten arrangerades på sådant sätt att de hade nära inbördes an1iggning. De 1indades sedan spira1formigt med en expanderad PTFE-fi1m med en bredd av 19,1 mm och med en matrisdraghâ11fasthets- styrka av approximativt 4923 kp/cmz. Fi1men var ti11verkad en1igt det amerikanska patentet nr 3 962 153.
Kärnan p1acerades sedan i en ugn vid en temperatur av 380°C under 12 minuter. Vid av1ägsnande ur 1uftugnen ti11äts kärnan sva1na ti11 rumstemperatur och det formade PTFE-röret fick försiktigt g1ida av kärnan. För att säker- stä11a syftet med experimentet av1ägsnades den om1indade fi1men försiktigt från röret i och för att åstadkomma ett fotomikrogram av strukturen vid fogen.
Figur 2 visar ett vink1at e1ektromikroskopiskt foto av en av de fogar, som åstadkommits en1igt exemp1et I. Den övre de1en 10 visar en topografisk vy av rörets inre yta.
Bottende1en 12 visar en tvärsektionsvy av röret. I figur 2 1öper fogen från X ti11 Y. Förstoringen är 146 gånger.
Figur 3(a) visar ett e1ektromikroskopiskt foto av den inre ytan hos det en1igt exemp1et I framstä11da röret.
Fogen 1öper från X ti11 Y. Förstoringen är 122 gånger.
Figur 3(b) visar ett e1ektromikroskopiskt foto av det in- fä11da området en1igt figur 3(a). Fogen 1öper från X ti11 Y och förstoringen är 610 gånger.
Figur 4(a) visar ett e1ektromikroskopiskt foto av utsidan, efter det att fi1men av1ägsnats, av det en1igt figur 1 framstä11da röret. Fogen iöper från X ti11 Y och förstoringen är 90 gånger. Figur 4(b) visar ett e1ektro- l0 l5 44ai9as E 6 mikroskopiskt foto av det infällda omrâdet enligt figur 4(a).
Fogen löper frän X till Y och förstoringen är 450 gånger.
Pâ dessa elektromikroskopiska foton är det överraskan- de att observera att nod-fibrill-mikrostrukturen är prak- tiskt taget obruten över fogen. Ehuru ett exempel i liten skala användes för att åskådliggöra uppfinningen så kan denna teknik lätt utvidgas för att täcka stora rör med en diameter upp till flera tum. På samma sätt kan tekniken an- vändas tillsammans med någon av ett flertal former och den är inte begränsad till rörformiga tvärsektioner. Exempelvis skulle ark av uniaxiellt expanderad PTFE med tjocklekar från approximativt 0,13 mm till mer än 2,54 mm kunna sam- manfogas på följande sätt. PTFE-arken hålles kvar i expan- sionsriktningen och bringas i anliggning mot varandra mel- lan l,59 mm tjocka ark av 60 durometer silikongummi (två ark av gummi på vardera sidan av PTFE-materialet, vilka inte är helt i anliggning utan har ett mellanliggande gap av approximativt 0,25 mm, vilket motsvarar fogen i PTFE- arken), varefter PTFE- och gummiarken placeras i en press med plattor upphettade till approximativt 38006. Pressen skulle kunna slutas för applicering av ett mycket litet tryck på de på gummit placerade arken. Detta skulle ge den erforderliga vinkelräta kraften mot fogen, denna gång i en plan utformning. Efter en lämplig tid, approximativt l5 minuter, kan de elektriska uppvärmningsorganen på pres- sen bortkopplas och plattorna avkylas av en ström av kom- primerad luft. När plattorna avkylts till rumstemperatur kan trycket elimineras och arken avlägsnas. *r

Claims (3)

448 968 Patentkrav
1. Förfarande för att hopfoga ett flertal polytetra- fluoretensegment (A, B), vart och ett med en mikrostruktur av noder, hopkopplade medelst fibriller pa sådant sätt, att mikrostrukturen är praktiskt taget obruten vid fogen, 1 k ä n n e t e c k n a t därav, att det innefattar stegen (a) att bringa eegmenten att hållas i nära kontakt genom mekaniska medel, _ (b) att bringa segmenten att hindras fràn att krympa i någon riktning. (c) att upphetta segmenten, under det att de hàlles pà detta sätt, till en temperatur över segmentens kristallina smält- punkt under en förutbestämd tid och (d) att tillåta segmenten att avkylas under den kristallina smältpunkten för segmenten, under det att de fortfarande hàlles i nära kontakt.
2. Förfarande enligt kravet 1, k ä n n e t e c k n a t därav, att det innefattar stegen (a) att noggrant bringa segmenten (A, B) i kontakt kring en kärna (2) och (b) att spiralformigt linda skikten med en expanderad PTFE- ~film av hög hàllfasthet.
3. Sammanfogad, sammansatt PTFE-produkt, k ä n n e ~ t e c k n a d därav, att den inefattar ett flertal expan- derade PTFE-segment (A, B) med en mikrostruktur av noder, kopplade genom fibriller, varvid mikrostrukturen är praktiskt taget obruten vid fogen.
SE8100407A 1980-02-14 1981-01-23 Sammansatt produkt av expanderad polytetrafluoreten samt forfarande for framstellning av densamma SE448968B (sv)

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BE887501A (fr) 1981-06-01
DK63581A (da) 1981-08-15
FR2475974A1 (fr) 1981-08-21
IT8119659A0 (it) 1981-02-11
NL185906B (nl) 1990-03-16
DE3104037A1 (de) 1981-12-24
GB2068827B (en) 1983-09-21
ATA71181A (de) 1988-01-15
DK156419C (da) 1990-01-22
DE3153231C2 (sv) 1987-05-21
BR8100852A (pt) 1981-08-25
IN155688B (sv) 1985-02-23
IT1135417B (it) 1986-08-20
DK156419B (da) 1989-08-21
JPS6315904B2 (sv) 1988-04-06
GB2068827A (en) 1981-08-19
JPS5746835A (en) 1982-03-17
FI72920B (fi) 1987-04-30
AT386416B (de) 1988-08-25
FI72920C (sv) 1987-08-10
SE8100407L (sv) 1981-08-15
DE3104037C2 (de) 1986-02-27
NL8100672A (nl) 1981-09-16
GR73849B (sv) 1984-05-07
AU541290B2 (en) 1985-01-03
NO810506L (no) 1981-08-17
NL185906C (nl) 1990-08-16
FI810449L (fi) 1981-08-15
ZA81678B (en) 1982-03-31
CH652072A5 (de) 1985-10-31
CA1165080A (en) 1984-04-10
FR2475974B1 (fr) 1985-06-21

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