SE435421B - Flue gas heat exchanger heat exchanger with accumulation - Google Patents

Description

- fråaïcnasizs-e i.e. by bypassing the heat exchanger.

The heat exchanger, in which the heat conduction water is heated by the gases, has a relatively small heat capacity. Correspondingly, the water heated in the heat exchanger is exposed to large temperature fluctuations, such as depends on whether the boiler, from which the gases come, is already in operation or not. In the known device according to DE-OS 1 907 413, these temperature fluctuations lead to corresponding fluctuations in the temperature of the heating element in the heated spaces. This is a bit disturbing as long as it is unused ancillary spaces but has limited use for heating living spaces.

According to the invention, this disadvantage is eliminated by the temperature equalization container. This container acts as a buffer volume that converts the small amount of water with large temperature fluctuations, which comes from the heat exchanger, into a large amount of water with an almost constant average temperature. The heating body connected to the container via the inlet pipe is then fed with hot water with almost constant temperature, as is desirable for a comfortable living. Since according to the invention it is also possible to lead cold reflux water, dosed directly into the container; For example, the water temperature in the container and thus the inlet temperature of the heating element can be affected within wide limits. This possibility does not exist with the known device according to DE-OS 1 907 413. Here the inlet temperature of the heating element is exclusively dependent on the temperature of the gases and cannot be affected. The decisive factors for the arrangement of the heat exchanger are, on the one hand, construction and construction considerations and, on the other hand, thermal engineering considerations. Thus, the heat exchanger, which e.g. may advantageously consist of a copper pipe loop, extending into the combustion chamber of the fireplace in or into the exhaust pipe, so that it comes into contact with the hot combustion gases on all sides. Although on the one hand a good heat transfer from the hot gases to the heat exchanger is obtained, on the other hand this device is less suitable for separate retrofitting, and the heat exchanger can also have the disadvantage that it reduces the free cross-sectional area of the exhaust pipe.

If the heat exchanger is arranged around the outer peripheral jacket surface of the exhaust pipe, preferably in the form of a copper pipe loop wound on the helical pipe, the flow area of the exhaust pipe is not reduced, and a post-installation on an already existing heat conduction system is readily possible. If the copper pipe is also soldered to the exhaust pipe, a very good heat transfer is also obtained from the exhaust pipe to the heat exchanger, which device thus enables an efficient utilization of the heat energy of the exhaust gases. 3- t 1so1s2s-a This embodiment also has the advantage that the heating unit according to the invention can be delivered by the manufacturer in a completely finished, prefabricated condition. Thus, the heat exchanger and possibly the temperature equalization tank is also delivered already permanently mounted on a pipe section, so that for the installation of the heater it is only required that a corresponding section of the exhaust pipe is replaced with the pipe section provided with the heat exchanger.

The water heated in the heat exchanger is collected in the temperature equalization tank and delivered from this gravity control counter by means of a pump via the pipe system to the radiators. The temperature equalization tank preferably also abuts the exhaust pipe, so that it can also give off additional heat to the equalization tank in order to prevent the water temperature from falling.

In another embodiment of the invention, the heat exchanger consists of a container which is flowed through by the water of the heating system and through which a plurality of heating pipes flowing through the fireplace gases are drawn. This embodiment is also particularly suitable for retrofitting in an already existing heating system in the manner specified above.

The heat exchanger is extremely simple to design, since a simple container that is cheap to manufacture is used to absorb the water to be heated. Since the hot gases from the fireplace are led in a plurality of heating pipes through the water in the container, there is sufficient contact surface for the heat transfer.

The heat exchanger becomes particularly simple if the heat pipes are drawn rectilinearly through the water tank. At least four heating pipes are preferably used to ensure a sufficiently large contact surface between the heating pipes and the water to be heated, even with a rectilinear laying of the heating pipes.

In a further development of this embodiment, the heat exchanger can be mounted on the combustion chamber of the fireplace, and the exhaust gases of the fireplace can then flow directly into the heating pipes, which are connected to an outlet connection connectable to the exhaust pipe.

This embodiment gives the device particularly small external dimensions, since the heating unit according to the invention connects directly to the combustion chamber of the fireplace.

In addition, a particularly efficient utilization of the heat is obtained, since the water tank of the heating unit is in direct heat contact with the wall of the fireplace's combustion chamber.

The heater according to the invention can be used in connection with any conventional heat conduction fireplace. If the heater is mounted on the exhaust pipe from a central heating plant's steam boiler, two Jam 5.264 a _ 4- to three medium size radiators can be fed by such an auxiliary heater. Experiments have shown that in this way it is possible to achieve good heating of a living space of 40 - 50 m2 at normal ceiling height. If the heating unit according to the invention is already co-planned during the installation of the conventional heating system, this system can be dimensioned correspondingly less than otherwise. If, on the other hand, the heating unit according to the invention is only installed afterwards, the heating effect of the conventional system can be reduced to a corresponding degree. In each case, a saving of approx. 15 - 30% of the heating costs possible, which has been shown in experiments. i: Even a separate retrofitting of the heater according to the invention is very easy to perform. It is only necessary to remove part of the exhaust pipe of the existing heating system in the manner described above, and instead insert the corresponding pipe section provided with the heat exchanger and the equalization container. The inlet and outlet pipes' for the two or three radiators to be supplied by the heater according to the invention are disconnected from the existing heat conduction circuit and connected to the heater according to the invention.

The heating unit according to the invention can also be used in a particularly simple manner in connection with a simple room heating device for heating a residential apartment or the like. For this purpose, a coal-, oil- or gas-fired furnace is arranged in such a way that it can simultaneously heat two or three adjoining rooms directly. This furnace is provided with a heating unit according to the invention, the heat exchanger of which encloses the exhaust pipe of the furnace and can also be mounted on this furnace. Of course, the heat exchanger can also be arranged in the furnace's combustion chamber. This heater feeds radiators, which are placed in the room with the oven non-adjoining room. In this way, in addition to the two or three of the oven directly heated rooms, three more or. four rooms with a floor space of approx. 15 - 18 m2 heated. This combination of an oven, which heats two or three rooms directly by radiant heat, and a heater, which supplies the other rooms with hot water heating, enables the heating of an entire residential apartment with the help of a single fireplace. Due to the compressed and thus space-saving construction, the embodiment of the heating unit in which the heat exchanger is arranged immediately on the combustion chamber of the furnace is particularly suitable for this purpose of use.

The installation of this type of apartment heating is significantly simpler and cheaper than when using apartment heating with a hot water system of a previously known type. In addition, achieved through the optimal? 5- 7801626-8 the utilization of the exhaust heat in this case also a considerable reduction of the heating costs. Finally, in this way one can combine the advantages of a hot water system with the furnace or stove heating system. Especially during the seasonal transition periods, it is often sufficient to fire up the furnace only for shorter periods, which results in a faster heating of the rooms heated by this furnace by radiant heat. Such rapid, short-term heating is not possible with conventional hot water heating systems.

Some exemplary embodiments of the invention will be described in more detail below in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 schematically shows a heating unit according to the invention, which is located on the fireplace of a central heating system; Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of the heating unit according to the invention, which is arranged in connection with a fireplace of a local heating system; Fig. 3 schematically shows the heating of a residential apartment with a heating unit according to the invention; Fig. 4 shows a third embodiment of the heater according to the invention and Fig. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of the heater according to the invention.

Fig. 1 schematically shows the use of a heating unit in connection with the central heating boiler of a central heating system.

10 denotes the fireplace of a conventional central heating system resp. combustion or combustion chambers, which are fired e.g. with an oil burner 12. The hot exhaust gases from the combustion are emitted through an exhaust pipe l4; The heating medium containing the boiler is not shown in the drawing, nor is the piping system of the conventional boiler plant. An extra heater is arranged on the exhaust pipe 14. This consists of a heat exchanger 16 in the form of a copper-wound copper tube wound around the exhaust pipe 14 and a temperature equalization container 18.

The copper pipe 16 is fixedly soldered to the outside of the exhaust pipe 14 by means of solder joints to ensure good thermal contact between them. Preferably, the copper pipe 16 is arranged on a separate piece of the exhaust pipe 14, so that the heating unit can also be retrofitted into an existing heating system in a simple manner.

The temperature equalization tank 18 connects with a semi-cylindrical jacket surface to a corresponding part of the jacket surface of the exhaust pipe 14.

The heat exchanger 16 and the temperature equalization tank 18 are connected in series in a closed switching line device of a hot water heating system. : 6801 626-'8 a 6- This pipeline device consists of a supply or inlet pipe 20 emanating from the temperature equalization container 18, in which a circulation pump 22 can be connected if necessary. Two hot water radiators 24 are fed through the feed pipe 20; A return or return pipe 26 leads to the heat exchanger 16. Furthermore, the hot water pipe system is usually equipped with an expansion vessel 28, a manometer 30, a safety valve 32 and a blow-out or small valve 34. Through a special inlet nozzle 36, the return water from the return pipe § 26 while passing the heat exchanger 16 is led directly into the temperature * V. equalization tank 18. The mixing valve (not shown) enables a dosing or regulation of the cold return water, which is led directly through the inlet nozzle 36 into the temperature equalization tank 18.

Finally, the temperature equalization container 18 is provided with an additional outlet (not shown), which allows filling of fresh water in the pipe system. The operation of the heater is as follows: The hot exhaust gases from the fireplace 10, which is led to the chimney through the exhaust pipe 14, heats the water in the heat exchanger 16. The water thus heated flows into the temperature equalization tank 18, which serves as the water stomach for the pipeline system. By the contact of the temperature equalization tank 18 É with the exhaust pipe 14, the water in the temperature equalization tank 18 is prevented from cooling. From the temperature equalization container 18, the radiators 24 are fed through the inlet or supply pipe 20. The water cooled in the radiators 24 flows via the return pipe back to the heat exchanger, 16, where it is reheated. A part of the cooled return water can be transferred in a controlled amount through the inlet nozzle 36 directly to the temperature equalization container 18 for the temperature of the setting water, at the intended value. The circulation of water in the pipe system can take place thinly controlled (by thermosyphon action) or by means of the pump 22.

Fig. 2 shows another application example for the use of the heater. Where the details of the plant shown in Fig. 2 correspond to the plant shown in Fig. 1, they are provided with the same 4 reference numerals, and in this respect reference is made to the description in connection with Fig. 1.

The essential difference between the plant shown in Fig. 2 and the plant according to Fig. 1 consists in that the heating unit is not arranged on the fireplace of a conventional central heating system, but: on the fireplace of a local heat conduction device. The local heating unit consists of a heating stove or oven 38 or the like, which is fired with an oil or gas burner 40. Of course, the stove or oven 38 can also be charcoal or coke fired. The heat exchanger 16's heat exchanger is installed directly in the heating furnace 38. The heater 16 thus comes into immediate contact with the hot combustion gases in the heating furnace or stove 38.

The heating furnace 38 was used for direct heating of living rooms, predominantly by radiant heat. The heating stove or oven 38 can, as well as on the inserted heat exchanger 16, to a large extent correspond to conventional stove ovens. This oven insert is preferably provided with an internal lining, which can, for example, be made grid-shaped to enable as unhindered flow of radiant heat as possible and to prevent contact with the hot surface of the heater.

Instead of a lattice-shaped steel plate, an interior cladding with bars or rods of wrought iron can also be used. Finally, the heating insert can also be provided with a heat-storing cover, e.g. of tiles e.d.

When using such a heat insert 38, the heat exchanger 16 must of course not be located in the combustion chamber itself. The heat exchanger 16 can of course also be arranged enclosing the exhaust pipe 14 of the heating insert 38 in the same way as shown in Fig. 1.

In addition, since the heating insert 38 heats the surrounding space mainly by the heat radiated laterally, it is also possible to apply the heat exchanger of the heating unit directly to the upper surface of the heating insert 38.

Fig. 3 shows an example of how a residential apartment of the multi-storey type can be optimally heated using the heating unit according to the invention. A heating insert 38 is used, which is fired from the hall 42. This insert extends into two rooms, e.g. the living room 44 and a nursery 46. These two rooms 44 and 46 and the hall 42 are thus heated by the insert 38 directly by radiant heat. The other rooms in the apartment are heated by means of hot water radiators, which are fed by the heater according to the invention. In the example according to Fig. 3 there are two such heaters. The heat exchanger 16 of one unit may, for example, be located inside the combustion chamber of the heating insert 38, as shown in Fig. 2. This heater feeds e.g. the radiators 24 in two other chambers 48. The heat exchanger 16 of the second heater may, for example, enclose the exhaust pipe 14, as shown in Fig. 1, or be located on the upper side of the heating insert 38. By means of this second heater the radiators 24 of the other rooms are heated. for example the radiators in the bedroom 50, the dining room 52 and the kitchen 54.

In this way it is thus possible to heat the entire storey shown in Fig. 3 by means of a single heating apparatus, which in addition

Claims (10)

8- 5 0 0 7so1e2ß-a can be fired from the hall. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, a heat exchanger such as a constructive, compact unit is connected to a heat exchanger's exhaust pipe 14. The heat exchanger has an inlet nozzle SÉ, which is connected to the exhaust pipe 14. The inlet nozzle 56 branches into four heat pipes 58, which parallel with each other extend rectilinearly upwards and then again open into a common outlet nozzle 60. To the outlet nozzle 60 a connecting part of the exhaust pipe 14 then connects. The heating pipe 58 is enclosed by a container 62, which is filled with the water of the heating system, so that this water on all sides is in contact with the heating pipes 58. The container 62 is connected by a lower nozzle 26 to the return line from the radiators to be fed. An upper socket 20 leads to a temperature equalization container (not shown), to which the inlet line to the radiators to be fed is connected. Fig. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of the heater. In this embodiment, the container 62 is placed directly on the combustion chamber 10 of the fireplace and forms its upper Väqä. The straight, vertically upwardly extending second heating pipes 58 extend directly out of the combustion chamber 10, pass through the container 62 and open at its upper end into a common outlet nozzle 60, to which the exhaust pipe 14 is connected. In contrast to the embodiment of Fig. 4, in the embodiment of Fig. 5, the water is heated in the container 62 not only with the hot exhaust gas flowing through the heating pipes 58, but also with the hot combustion gases in the combustion chamber 10, which come into contact with: container 62 bottom surface. As can be seen from the drawing, the embodiment according to Fig. 4 is particularly well suited for subsequently supplying a heating system with the heating unit according to the invention, since the heat exchanger can easily be mounted in an exhaust heating pipe of an existing heating system from the fireplace. Ut-; the embodiment according to Fig. 5, on the other hand, gives a substantially more compact construction of the device consisting of fireplace and heater, so that this embodiment is particularly suitable for heating storeys and the like, in which the fireplace and heater are placed visible in the rooms to be heated. Patent claims 1. l. Heater for vatüænåkmehahüigar, arranged to be connected to an existing boiler or similar, consisting of a heat exchanger in contact with the hot exhaust gases from the boiler fireplace and at least one heating element, which via supply or inlet pipes and return or in vaousze-s in 9-return pipes are connected to the heat exchanger, characterized in that a temperature equalization container (18) is connected in series into the inlet pipe (20) between the heat exchanger (16 and 62, respectively) and the heating element (24) and that said temperature equalization container via an inlet connection (36) provided with a metering valve is connected to the return pipe (26). Unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchanger (16) consists of a pipe loop, preferably of copper. A unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heat exchanger (16) extends into the hot gases in the boiler chamber (38) or into the boiler exhaust pipe (14). A unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heat exchanger (16) encloses the exhaust pipe (14) from a fireplace of a heater (10, 12) in contact with the jacket surface of the pipe. _ Unit according to claim 4, characterized in that the pipe is fixedly connected to the jacket surface on a pipe section which can be inserted into the exhaust pipe (14), for example by solder joints. Unit according to claim 5, characterized in that the temperature equalization container (18) is also fixedly connected to the pipe section which can be inserted into the exhaust pipe (14). Unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature equalization container (18) has a semi-cylindrical wall surface, with which it abuts against the outer surface of the exhaust pipe (14). A unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchanger consists of a container (62), which is passed through a plurality of heating pipes (58), which are passed through by the exhaust gases from the fireplace of the heating system (10, 12). A unit according to claim 8, characterized in that at least four heat pipes (58) extend rectilinearly through the water container (62) of the heat exchanger. A unit according to any one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the heat exchanger is located on top of the combustion chamber (10) of the fireplace (10, 12) and the exhaust gases of the fireplace enter directly into the heating pipes (58), which are connected to one to the exhaust pipe ( 14) connectable outlet spout (60).