SE191069C1 - - Google Patents

Description

CLASS 1NTERNATIONAL SWEDISH D -02 d76 c: 10/0 - PATENT AND REGISTRATION AGENCY Ans. 8076/1963 was received on 2217 1963 issued on 7/1 1964 S PEYER, BACH, SWITZERD Electrical-optical wire cleaner Priority requested from 23 July 1962 (Switzerland) When spinning textile fibers it is inevitable that in some stalls cross-sectional changes occur in the yarn or that by inverted, foreign bodies (eg cotton shells) the cross section of the yarn is changed. The cross-section at the stalls of the yarn deviating from the norm can be circular or have any other arbitrary shape. If the cross-section of Iran deviates from the right value, this must be removed during unwinding, the Iran yarn is discarded, as in the further processing of the yarn they otherwise appear to interfere or affect the appearance and quality of the final product. However, only such defects should be removed which exceed a certainly worth.

The creation of smaller cross-sectional deviations would be vicious and uneconomical.

Cross-sectional deviations, when constituted by thickenings, can be deposited by means of per se mechanical mechanical cleaning devices. A mechanical trade cleaning device consists of a metal plate, which is provided with a slot, through which the trade Ones. The slot width is then adjusted, according to the steering wheel value of the thread or yarn diameter. When the wire during rewinding peaks through the metal slot, a thickening is clamped and arrives in it.

In practice. However, it has been found that said mechanical wire cleaners only incompletely grasp and -discover --cross-sectional yarns. The main reason for this is to see in the fact that cross-sectional errors not only appear as round alloys titanium often as flat or flattened -stables-, in white; if the yarn diameter in this direction does not deviate at all from the steering wheel or -t, and you fall below; this. It should therefore be understood, therefore, that such faults can for the most part be prevented unhindered by a slit in a mechanical wire cleaner; These and other 'shortcomings -1 the mechanical wire extruder have under -slate or left to a developing, av- photoelectric wire extruder; In such a case, the trade is in principle led between a light emitter, e.g. a light bulb with a collection lens, and a light-electric receiver (photo; cell or photoelement). From the parallel lens beam emanating from the collection lens, part of the light or the continuous wire is shielded, so that the cross-section of the wire is projected as a shadow on the light receiver. Cross-sectional changes in & Aden second salunda the amount of light falling towards the light receiver, so that the emitted from this, the electric voltage or current has corresponding oscillations. These electrical sparing or current changes Minna after amplification are used for maneuvering an automatic, electromagnetic cutting device, which separates the wires in the vicinity of the detected fault number.

With such a simple, photoelectric arrangement, however, piano or flattened cross-sectional errors are detected on the right side only when they run opposite to the beam direction. the error, on the other hand, is coated parallel to the light rays; others' jute, neither the shadow of the tree nor ay., is given any electrical signal. For reliable determination and discrimination, ie. Separation of Cross-Sectional Faults Over a certain, allowable, it would, however, be unconditionally required that a certain yarn fault in any arbitrary relation to the light beam causes an at least at least equal electrical signal.

This requirement has led to the design of photoelectric devices with two or more intersecting light beams, the wire losing through their crushing zone and the same casting a multiple shadow on the light receiver or receivers (see, for example, Belgian Patent Specification 597 995 or German Patent Specification 8834). Nor do these devices meet steel requirements. in a satisfactory manner. 3 / rides roughly in the coupling zone of two mutually perpendicular beams a flat cross-sectional thickness 900 in the longitudinal axis of the electrode, for both these stalls the same light shielding and signal value are obtained. However, if the same cross-sectional error is rotated only 0 In the two intersecting light beams, the amount of light corresponds to sin 0 = 0.707, so that in this case the light receiver registers light rays with a total light change of 2 X sin 45 ° = 1.41, ie . the signal is about 40% larger. in the former case. However, this anisatropy of said devices enables precise feeding and discrimination according to determined error values. Namely, it has to RAN that equally large defects and alit according to their angular values are detected as different sizes and sorted in different cleaning steps, so that at a certain, pre-selected degree of purification permitted deviations joke go the desired yarn quality. Deviations of ± 10% from the preselected degree of purification in practice already correspond to another degree of purification, ie. another quality class.

However, a further pre-filtering can be achieved by irradiating the light beams at 60 ° each, but even then. remains a stare anisotropy. Although three or two intersecting light beams are theoretically conceivable, in practical design the optical equipment becomes too large and the dimensions of the apparatus become large.

However, said photoelectric wire cleaning devices operating with directional light beams have other shortcomings. In order for changes in the wire to be transverse to the direction of passage in the intersection zone of the beams to joke to cause any irregularity in the signal, homogeneous, parallel beams of light must be used. However, in order to achieve parallel light rays, in addition to the collection optics, at least one point-shaped light source is the most important prerequisite. Such a fir, however, is hardly achievable in practice or it can be produced only with very large equivalents. They usually in the trade cleaning devices anyanda, the small light bulbs constitute in each case, depending ph the constructive structure air the glow wire, ph no sfitt flake pointy light source. This means that the required parallel beam can only be obtained by rough approximation, as a result of which further irregularities arise in the detection of the yarn errors.

At the passage of the thread, one must shave with a considerable dusting, whereby the dust consists mainly of small fiber particles, cotton shells and the like. Delta dust is often stored on photocells, lenses, mirrors, etc., which leads to a reduction in the effective amount of light. To eliminate hazardous hazards 5. it is advisable to use a compensation and control connection. However, such devices operate carefully, only as long as the dust is stored almost homogeneously on the optical parts or photocells. If, on the other hand, there is a single, larger dirt particle on a stalk of the optical elements, this is imaged by the directed rays as shadows, ie. in the beam passage a "slippery" or a marked stalk appears. A thread thickening runs through the delta stalk of the light beam, a completely incorrect value is fed and the error is eliminated jokingly.

If two mutually perpendicular intersecting beams are used, which are generated by a 45 ° inclined mirror, some of the light, which is reflected towards the wire in the intersection zone, will be carried on jokes applied to the photocells.

Thereby • unintentional differences in the feed result are obtained, depending on whether it is a question of a ground or light yarn or wrong stall. The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-described shortcomings of the mechanical and known photoelectric wiring devices. The invention relates to an electro-optical wire cleaning device, in which the wire is guided through the device between a light emitter and a light receiver. The distinguishing feature of the invention is that the light emitter is designed AS a light-diffused, diffuse radiation source provided near the wire, which illuminates the wire at as obtuse an angle as possible.

Further details of the invention will be apparent from some embodiments, which will be described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which: Fig. 1 schematically damages the essential parts of an electro-optical wire cleaning device in connection with an automatic wire grinding device and its arranging at a washing machine. Figs. 2 and 3 schematically show two different, principal possibilities for the construction of a light emitter in accordance with the present invention together with the light receiver and the wire. Fig. 4 shows a further suitable embodiment of a light emitter according to the present invention, and Figs. 5 and 6 show in side and side views, respectively. andvy an example of a constructive design of a complete wire cleaning unit according to the present invention, which is intended to be built into a rinsing stall or into a rinsing machine. The basic construction of an electric optical wire cleaning device and its arrangement at a spooling machine is apparent from the schematic view according to Fig. 1. The yarn or wire 6 is subtracted from the spool 51. This runs over a brake roller 52, a breaker roller 54 and the spare drum 55 (at a cross-spooling machine) to the cross-spool 56 driven by the machine, from which it is wound. As a rule, on a single spooling machine at the same time a large number of threads are subtracted next to each other from spools 51 and wound on each cross spool 56, but for the sake of simplicity it is shown that only one thread has been run. - —3 For monitoring the wire section and cutting off the impermissible error numbers for each wire at the lamp position of the wire passage, an electro-optical device in the form of a light cabinet with a lamp 10 as a light transmitter and the photocell is arranged between the brake roller 52 and the switch roller 54. 5 or another suitable photoelectric transformer as a light receiver. The wire 6 is passed through the sensing zone between the light emitter 10 and the light receiver 5 and by diet directed towards the receiver the light -Ladies of the wire section located in the sensing zone a stone or smaller part 1 corresponding to the cross-section in question. Is thus on the genomilipande traden 6 en. thickening, the amount of light falling toward the photocell 5 is reduced, and this amount of light decreases as a stalk of reduced cross-section passes through it. The photocell 5 emits an electrical signal, which is characteristic of the cross-sectional deviations of the wire section in the sensing zone from the Alta value to size and sign. This signal is fed via an electronic amplifier 7 to a comparison or discrimination circuit 8. This also contains an electrical reference voltage which can be installed at a comparator 58, which determines the discrimination threshold of the tightening circuit 8 and thus the permissible error value or supply of the signal to the free amplifier. If this error value is exceeded, the fault value set at the outlet from the discrimination circuit 8 is triggered by a switching circuit 9, which impulsively magnetizes a magnetic coil 40, whereby in the area of the wire 6 a knife 41 is moved, together.

In the case of automatic rinsing machines, it is often uncommon for the switch on the wire cleaning device to be switched on and the wire to be separated from the wire. the drive of the coil 56 is stopped immediately. For this purpose, a fire may be connected in parallel with the center magnet 40. 47, whose contact 48 simultaneously flies the magnetization of the magnet 40, maneuvering a coupling or braking device (not shown) for driving the coil.

In the case of the above-mentioned simultaneous on-flushing of a plurality of wires in the same flushing machine, an individual cleaning device 20 must be provided for each tract. 20, e.g. for all these devices at the same rinsing machine. Therefore, ph can easily salt over the entire connecting line. 59 at the same time the cleaning effect is installed resp. the switch-on or field threshold for all connected line cleaning devices.

A retrofitting Or Oven without further ado during operation. The operating voltages for lamps, amplifiers, magnets are also emitted. ter etc. from a feed or night part common to a number of wire cleaning devices (not shown).

For the elimination of the above-described neck portions of known photoelectric wire cleaning devices, it is of essential importance according to the present invention that the light emitter Or be designed as a surface-diffused beam device and arranged so close to the continuous wire that it The detection section of the detection zone is illuminated at as blunt an angle as possible. Two. different, principal arrangements of such a light cabinet are shown schematically in the thread direction in Figs. 2 and 3. Corresponding parts have thereby been denoted by the same reference numerals.

In both embodiments, the light bulb 10, for example a light bulb, a body 3a resp. 3b via a collection lens 2. In the latter case Or it is a prismatic body of diffusely transparent material :, e.g. opal glass or glass-like transparent, organic material, e.g. mjiilkaktigt plexiglas. The body 3a according to Fig. 2 bore the shape of a semicircular curved strip of generally the same thickness, while the body 3b (Fig. 3), here circle segment-shaped cross-section. Mitt for name- da body 3a resp. 3b Or as a light receiver arranged a large-area photocell or photo element. Between. the diffuse strOlan- de3a resp. 3b and the relatively tiar adjacent light receiver 5, the wire 6 to be tested is guided. In the arrangement according to Fig. 2, the wire scratches in the shaft of the cylinder surface formed by the body 3a.

The light outlet side 4a resp. 4b of the body 3a resp. 3b is to be regarded as a secondary light rag, which illuminates the tra'.den 6 at an obtuse angle α as angular, i.e. at least Over half the perimeter of hatred. The photocell 5 must then be dimensioned in such a way that the Iranian trade appears to be at the same angle. This is achieved by relatively small aystAnd between 0 one side of the thread and on the other side the body 3 or the photocell 5.

After the light from the incandescent lamp 10 has flowed through the opal glass body 3a resp. 3b, it flows out at the surface 4a resp. 4b is completely diffuse to the wire, i.e. there is no particularly favored beam direction, and no defined image or shadow of the wire 6 arises on the flat surface light receiver 5. The two-section changes of the wire 1 have data to follow. the entire surface of the light receiver is divided into changes in brightness, whereby local differences in the sensitivity of light or layers of layers to the continuous line do not produce any results. Since the trade di & - 191O6 - lust is uniformly irradiated at an angle α of approximately 180 °, the shape and direction of the cross-sectional deviations are also completely arbitrary, and the device exhibits joke flagon anisotropy, as is inevitably the case in brightness with light light rays.

A prerequisite for the elimination of anisotropin is that the line 6 is illuminated over a total angle α with at least at least the same light intensity. In the devices according to Figs. 2 ° eh 3, this condition is fulfilled in different ways. Since the almost homogeneously irradiated body 3a has the same thickness everywhere, the intensity of the diffuse radiation emanates the same at each stall of the outlet surface 4a. Furthermore, since this surface 4a has the same distance from the wire 6 everywhere, the naninda condition has been fulfilled with very good approximation. If, on the other hand, the body 3b designed according to Fig. 3 is smaller or the thickness in the direction of the two edges is smaller and correspondingly the outlet intensity is greater at the edges of the surface 4b. In addition, the distance between these edge portions and the wire 6 is greater than the distance to the less intensely radiating center portion of the surface 4b. These phenomena oppose each other in an expansive direction, so that * in each lighted stall off to: len 6 Over the whole angle a rows in almost the same brightness. Due to the suitable design of the cross-section of the body 3b and taking into account the light transmittance of the opal material used, any residual inhomogeneities can be equalized.

However, there are additional possibilities for the construction of a diffuse, planarized radiation source. SMunda skulk t. Ex. a light-transparent plate can be used as the light-outlet side, the blackening of which is greatest in the middle (at least the distance to the line 6) and decreases towards the edges, in order to obtain a regular light-intensity over the angle a.

Fig. 4 shows a very airtight and space-saving arrangement of the optical elements for a light transmitter designed according to the present invention. A body 11 a-v shown in section clearly transparent material, e.g. an inorganic or organic glass mass, is provided with a recess.g 12, which receives the piston of a light bulb 10. On one end side of the suitably prismatic body 11 is inserted a body 14 of light-transmitting but diffusely scattering material, the light inlet side 15 of which in turn is water against the wire 6 and the light-surface-shaped candlestick receiver 5. on all other side surfaces where the body 11 is covered with a reflective layer 11, .t. ex. with a thankful, white finish. The; na atgard entails that, in spite of the proximity of the party 10, the body 14 is largely illuminated. The body's 14 cross section Or designed with the 111g. 3, but of course a part designed in accordance with the body 3a shown in Fig. 2 can also be applied. It has been found that by the action of the reflective layer 13 and the light of the incandescent lamp 10, the shown simple shape of the body 14 with flat ground surfaces is obtained a uniform illumination. A special advantage of the device according to Fig. 4 can also be seen in the fact that practically the entire luminous flux emanating from the free lamp 10 is captured, Figs. 5 and 6 show almost in natural size an exemplary constructive design of a complete wire cleaning unit 20, in vil ken arc, arranged all the parts enclosed in Fig. 1 by the dotted line. A metallic casing 20, which is shaped as a spun molded part, which is closed with a side cover 21, is provided with a wire guide eye 23 of durable material, into which the wire is inserted through a slot 22 in the housing. The through-holes 27 serve for the attachment of the device to the rinsing machine. The common optical device, constructed in analogy to Fig. 4, Or, arranged in the immediate vicinity of the wire guide 23 resp. pahada sides am wear a 22. Ph an angle iron 24, which ph with dash-dotted lines indicated can be pivoted about an axis 26, Oro the parts 11 and 14 according to Fig. 4 first. P0. other side of the wire guide 23 Or the photocell 5 (not drawn) arranged. The light bulb 10 is located in a fixed socket in the housing 10. When the angle iron 24 is extended, the optical parts can be easily cleaned and the light bulb 10 replaced if necessary. For control of the light bulb Or in the angle iron 24 arranged a pin 28 of transparent, e.g. Red-colored material, which extends to the holding chamber 12 receiving the lamp piston. In the Owe part of Wet 20, a knife 41 is further displaceably arranged, the edge of which is directed towards the passage passage of the wire and as at. registration, of a too large error value cuts off the trade. The knife 41 is arranged below a take-off bath lid 25, which is shown partly broken in Fig. 5. Behind the knife 41 in a hMrurn in the housing am placed an electric magnet 40, which cooperates with a dropable anchor 42. A cam 43 on the anchor engages in a recess In the knife 41, so that this for the execution of a shear movement is displaced that the left in Fig. 5, before the magnet is magnetized and the armature 42 is attracted. In the remaining part of the housing 20, the amplifier 7, the discriminator circuit 8 and the switching circuit 9 are arranged and are of the same design with transistor equipment. Via a braided cable 29, the reference current for the degree of cleaning (line 59 in Fig. 1) and the operating voltages for lamp 10, transistor; the circuit and the knife magnet 40. The dimensions of the whole device according to Figs. 5 and 6 state the lake to the width of 70X70 X23 mm.

As can be seen from the above description, the use of the light emitter diffused according to the invention eliminates the disadvantages indicated at the beginning of the denim description of the known light electric wire jugs, which operate with directional light beams. The diffuse, homogeneous illumination produces on the inlet salt defined images of & Aden and the faulty contours of the light receiver, but in cross-sectional changes of the wire a regular distributed change of the light intensity occurs over the entire surface of the large surface receiver. The light emanating from the diffused light emitter designed with a large surface does not have a flag-determined beam direction, but the wire is illuminated uniformly over the entire angle α of at least 180 °, ie. half the circumference frail all directions. It is also to be regarded as a great advantage that only Id optical details are required. Above all, jokes require precisely machined, expensive parts, such as lenses, mirrors or the like.

Claims (6)

Patent claim: 1. An electric-optical wire cleaner, in which the wire is guided between a light emitter and a light receiver, characterized in that the light emitter is designed as an integral, near surface of the wire, with a large surface, diffused radiator, which is arranged to illuminate the wire below obtuse angle. 2. A wire cleaner according to claim 1, characterized in that, as a diffuse radiator, a transparent body of diffusely spreading material is arranged on the water side of the wire. 3, Trade cleaner according to patent claim 2, characterized in that the transparent body in an intersecting plane perpendicular to the trade direction everywhere has an equally thick and semicircular bend around the trade axis (Fig. 2). 3. A wire cleaner according to claim 2, characterized in that the light outlet surface of the transparent body facing the wire is flat and that said body tapers towards the edges parallel to the wire (Fig. 3). 4. A wire cleaner according to claim 2, characterized in that the transparent, diffusely dispersing body is inserted in the spirit of a second body of clearly transparent material, which second body is coated on the other surfaces with a reflective layer and has a cavity for receiving a bulb (Fig. 4). 5. A wire cleaner according to claim 1, characterized in that the electro-optical parts are connected to an electromagnetic wire cutting device controlled by the light receiver in a common housing, which additionally receives the electric amplifier and control circuits. 6. A wire cleaner according to claim 6, characterized in that parts of the light emitter are removably attached to the housing for cleaning. Request publications: