SE190445C1 - - Google Patents

Description

KLASS INTERNATIONELLSVENSK E 03 f85 e: 13 PATE NT- AND REGISTER RI NG SVERKET Ans. 5100/1958 was received on 28/5 1958 laid out on 25/11 1963 S A J LILJENDAHL, FENCE Device for sewage systems in buildings The invention relates to sewage systems L buildings for drainage of relatively clean wastewater, for example wastewater Iran floor drains, TV fittings and sinks. In prior art sewage systems, the transport of the waste water through the pipes has taken place only under the influence of gravity by relocating the pipes with a continuous relatively steep slope in the direction of transport. In order to reduce the flow resistance, it has therefore been necessary to make the pipes with a relatively large diameter. The requirement for a large diameter and continuous slope of the pipes has meant that the costs for acquiring the sewer lines in buildings have become large and that the installation work has become very demanding and expensive.

The invention intends to obviate these disadvantages by using an air pressure difference as a means of propelling the waste water through the pipe system to the building.

The invention relates to a device in sewage systems in buildings for discharging relatively clean wastewater, for example wastewater from floor wells, washbasins and sinks, which can mainly be characterized by the fact that the drains from resp. floor drains, washbasins or the like Over each its normally closed shut-off valve by means of pipelines are connected to a hermetically sealed evacuated room, from which leads a downcomer, which Over a water seal or other inflow of air preventing outlet device opens into a sewer line or the like, each outlet from a bathtub, a washbasin or the like assigned shut-off valve is formed as an automatically acting valve, which opens, when vfitska flows out through the outlet, and stfinger, when the vfitske stream has ceased. By participating in the system it Sr the difference between the pressure of the outside air and the pressure in it. evacuated the collection tank which forms the propulsion force for the waste water through the sewage pipes, these can be placed horizontally and even in the opposite slope, which means a considerable yard simplification, as it ffiller the installation work.

The drainage system works safely and sound load unites the automatically acting shut-off valves at bathtubs, washrooms and the like prevent the inflow of air into the system.

If already at a moderate vacuum in the collection container a considerable propulsion force is obtained, a substantially higher flow resistance in the pipes can be allowed in conventional sewage systems. This means that in the sewage system according to the invention rarea can have a substantially smaller diameter fine SOT11 can: be allowed in conventional sewage systems, and this entails in its fur reduced costs. Preferably, comparatively narrow tubes of flexible plastic are used, which are extremely convenient to place.

A very simple valve arrangement comprises a valve-controlled floats, which Sr arranged in a hermetically sealed end, of the waste water ge-. nomtrommat float housing, which in order to combine with small volume lifting force on the floatWren can be designed as a standing elongated cylinder with a bottom opening, which is controlled by the float-shaped float body and is connected to a conduit, which leads to the evacuated collection container.

In such cases, when at least some of the floor drains and the like which are connected to the sewer system are located at a substantially higher level than the sewer line or the like, to which the building's sewer system is connected, the potential energy of the wastewater can be used to generate and maintain it. required vacuum in the collection container. According to a further development of the invention, one or more such vacuum generators are connected to the drainage system. A type of vacuum generator which, by its simple construction, is suitable for the purpose of the invention, can be characterized in that it comprises a collection container located on a higher level, which is arranged with associated traps so as to be dispensed from the collection container in portions. the water forms continuous water-filling flasks, which during their movement Bed through the rudder suck air from a vacuum container connected to the upper part of the downcomer over a branched pipe, which via a valve, which reduces the vacuum to the desired value, is connected to the respective container. vacuum space. The vacuum container can then suitably be connected to the upper part of the downcomer via a non-return valve, which prevents air from penetrating into the manifold from the downcomer.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 shows in the vertical section a drainage device according to the invention, in which the evacuated space is constituted by a hermetically sealed floating vessel in a hydraulic vacuum pump.

Fig. 2 shows a cross section through a building, in which Or has installed a drainage system according to the invention.

Figs. 3, 4 and 5 schematically show the operation of the hydraulic vacuum pump included in the drainage device shown in Fig. 1.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the hermetically sealed evacuated space consists of a float vessel 10 provided with a tight-fitting lid 29. The float vessel 10 stands through a centrally located bottom opening in connection with a substantially vertical pipe ii, which opens out at the lower duct. in a conventional sewer system over a water laser 11, 12, or other, inflow of air into the evacuated space preventing device. Arranged in the vessel 10 is a float 13, which is formed at the bottom with a conical valve body 11, which cla the float occupies its lowest layer rests against the conically formed bottom opening in the float vessel 10.

Below the fleet Orkarlet's lid, a number of halls distributed around the perimeter are accommodated in the vessel wall, through which a corresponding number, suitably of flexible plastic, challenge drainage pipes from fine bathtubs, wash stables and similar sanitary appliances. In the drawing, only such a pipe 30 is drawn, which leads from a washroom 42 Over a normal end a valve 31. Under the lid 29 Or arranged a cylindrical screen 32, which prevents liquid, which flows in through resp. ror 30, from hitting the float 13.

The closed vessel 10 stands at the top through a tube 33 and a tube 18, which is branched from the downcomer 11 immediately below the float housing 10 and next to it contains a non-return valve 19, in connection with a vacuum container (not shown), in which a vacuum is maintained, which is higher to the vacuum required in the vessel 10 to draw liquid to the vessel through the drain pipes 30. A pressure reducing valve 34 is arranged in the pipe 33, which automatically closes if the difference between the pressures on the strip sides if the valve is less than a predetermined value. The aforesaid float valve 31 arranged at the end of the respective re-line 30 consists only of Fig. 1 of a float housing 35 and a floats 36 arranged therein, which are movable up and down in the float housing, control between flanges 37 arranged on their sides. In the lower age of the float shown in the drawing, its conically shaped lower spirit abuts against a correspondingly shaped seat at the transition to a rudder connection 39, to which the above-mentioned plastic pipe 30 leading to the float housing 10 is connected, while the float in its Owe spruce abuts against a distribution plate 40, insert a styeke under the lid. Through a centrait in this arranged pipe connection 41 Or the float tube housing 35 is connected to the drain line from a washbasin 42 or the like, so that liquid flows into the float tube housing and lifts the float tube when the bottom valve in the washbasin is opened. Each time this is done, liquid is sucked through the line 37 into the evacuated float housing 10. When the washbasin 42 is empty and the whip shank in the float valve 31 of the shut-off valve 31 has sunk far enough for the valve to close, the tightening of liquid to the float housing 10 is interrupted. filling the float housing 10, a corresponding amount of air is sucked out through the valve 34, so that the vacuum in the float housing remains substantially constant. Similarly, water is sucked through other tubes 30 batchwise into the float housing 10 from other connected washbasins or the like. When the free water surface in the float housing 10 has risen to a level conditioned by the vacuum in the branch line 18, the float 13 quickly lifts from its seat and suddenly releases the sealed water basket in the downpipe 11, to titrate the rod before the float housing is completely empty of liquid. The water basket released in the downcomer 11 thereby forms a fully filling water piston in the transverse section of the downcomer, which during its downward movement down through the pipe 11 expels air therein through the water load and sucks in another quantity of air from the container shown through the manifold 18 while opening the non-return valve 19 The. The device shown thus generates the vacuum required to suck the liquid to the vessel 10 through the narrow pipelines 30, utilizing the potential energy of the waste water collected in the vessel 10. It is clear, however, that a special, e.g. electric motor-driven vacuum pump can be used to maintain the desired vacuum in the space 10, whereby of course the float-controlled bottom valve becomes superfluous.

The vacuum generator described above with a float vessel is apparently for its steering function due to the fact that a certain minimum vacuum is maintained in the vacuum container common to several devices, with which the manifold 18 is connected. To eliminate this dependence, Fig. 5 is shown in Fig. 5 in the manifold 18 beyond the stalk where the tube 33 opens into the manifold, mounted a shut-off valve designated in its entirety by 45, which automatically shuts off if the vacuum in the float vessel 10 should fall below a predetermined value. The valve 45 is shown in the drawing as a valve valve, which is pivotable about the shaft 46 and tends to pivot to a rod bearing under the influence of a weight-loaded arm 47. Norman However, the arm 471 has a raised, open valve-like bearing of a piston 48 , which is slidable in a cylinder 49 and by means of a link 50 is connected to the arm. The cylinder space above the piston is by means of a Ha. 51 connected to the air space of the float housing 10, so that as far as a sufficient vacuum rides in the float housing, the piston is held raised in its shown upper spruce, while if the air pressure in the float housing rises above the prescribed value, the piston falls down. through the cylinder and allows the valve to close.

A prerequisite for the legal energy to be the wash water or other waste water must be able to be used for the generation of vacuum while utilizing relatively small pipes, of course, that the same is comparatively clean and usually is not mixed with excrement Iran water closets. Fig. 2 shows a complete plant, in which the vacuum generated by the waste water is used for transporting the contents of the water closets through a special pipe system to a collection container under vacuum, while the actual waste water is diverted to the sewer system via a challenge according to the invention. vacuum generators.

In said Fig. 2, 52 denotes a vacuum container, 53 vacuum generators of the type shown in Fig. 1, arranged on the second resp. third floor and 54 a bathtub, 55 a washbasin and 56 a sink on the same floor. Each vacuum generator 53 is connected by means of a special downcomer 11 to the sewer line 57, while for one of the vacuum generators shown, a common pipe 58 connects the vacuum container 52 to the respective drain pipes of the vacuum generators 18. Drainage pipes from bathtubs, washbasins and sinks are arranged on corresponding level each has its own float-controlled valve of the type shown in Fig. 1 connected to tubes 30, which open into the vacuum generator's float dryer 10, as shown in Fig. 1. Baths, washbasins and sinks, which are arranged on the lowest level of water, can be on similar salt by means of a line 30 be connected to a closed collecting vessel 59, which a vacuum, which secures the flow through a line inclined to the direction of movement, is maintained in a similar manner as in the float housing of the vacuum generators 53. The vessel 59 is provided with a float-controlled bottom valve, through which the collected water via the pipe 60 is periodically released from the sewer line 57.

In addition to suction of the bathing water and other comparatively clean wastewater through the relatively narrow horizontal pipes 30 to the vacuum generators 53 floaters resp. to the collecting vessel 59 the vacuum generated by the vacuum container 52 is used for suction of excrement, urine and flushing water from the water closets 61 through the narrow transport tube 62 to a closed collection tank 63, which The tube 61 is connected to the vacuum container 52 and in which vacuum radar. Such a water closet system is described in my Belgian patent 557 284.

The mode of operation of the hydraulic vacuum pump included in the drainage system according to Fig. 1 will be described in more detail below with reference to Figs. 3, 4 and 5. In these figures the float vessel is open, but this difference does not affect the function.

Part shall be assumed that a certain vacuum rides in the closed container with which. manifold 18 star in connection. As a result, a water column 20 with the height h is located in the downcomer 11. The float vessel 10 is assumed to be only partially filled with liquid, for which reason the float 13 occupies its lower laze, in which the bottom opening of the float vessel is closed. The float 13 acts in the cletta to produce a downward force, which is constituted by the sum of the weight of the float and the suction effect caused by the vacuum in the downcomer on the valve cone 14 towards the downcomer 11, projected free surface, and an upward force, which is proportional to the weight of the float displaced the body of water. As the liquid level rises in the float vessel 10, this mass increases and eventually the point is reached when the upward force of the liquid mass given by the liquid mass becomes larger than the sum of the downward forces. At that moment, the fleet begins to move upwards. I and Tried that the float lifts so much that liquid begins to flow into the downcomer 11, the suction force acting on the underside of the valve cone ceases or is reduced rapidly, so that the downward summing force on the float decreases in steps. As a result, the float rises rapidly to the layer, which is conditioned by the amount of liquid present in the float vessel 10, whereby the outlet opening in the bottom of the float vessel is completely exposed.

Liquid from the float vessel 10 now flows rapidly into the downcomer 11, forming a completely filling plug or liquid flask 21. At first the inflow is accelerated by the vacuum which the row in the downcomer 11 above the water column. 20. .11 as the water cooler 21 under the influence of gravity at accelerated speed drops deeper into the downcomer 11 as the pressure of the air volume 22 trapped between the water piston 21 and the water column 20 causes the water column 20 to start sinking in the downcomer 11. the float 13 does not move and finally settles with its lower spirit shaped like a valve cone 14 against the valve seat 15, whereby the inflow of liquid to the downcomer is interrupted. In the appropriate dimensioning of the float vessel 10, such a large quantity of liquid has now been let into the downcomer 11 that the length of the water flask 21 formed in some parts exceeds the original height h of the water column 20. The water flask 21 therefore falls further down through the pipe 11 while displacing the entire water column 20. and of the air volume 22 existing above it and itself takes the place of the water column 20.

When, according to the above, liquid from the float vessel 10 flowed into the downcomer 11 and tended to increase the pressure in it, the non-return valve 19 was closed, so that liquid was prevented from flowing into the vacuum branch pipe 18. Then the float valve 11, 15 rod is created behind the falling water plug 21 a vacuum, which causes the check valve 19 to give Oppna, and as the liquid stopper falls further, air from the vacuum tank is sucked into the downcomer 11, so that a new volume of air collects in the downcomer above the water stopper. At the same time, of course, the pressure in the vacuum vessel decreases, so that the new water column 20, which replaces the previous one, will be slightly higher than this. When enough liquid has been collected in the float vessel 10 again, a new liquid plug is let into the downcomer 11, after which the process is repeated in the manner described above during stepwise pumping out of air from the vacuum tank. Due to the gradually rising vacuum in the vacuum tank and in connection with this standing downcomer 11, after each completed pump cycle the downward force caused by the vacuum on the float 13 increases, so that after each dispensing of liquid to the downcomer 11 a greater upward force is applied. on flotOren is required for aft flotOrventilen shell to achieve. This meant that the float valve 14, 15 opens at a higher water level in the float vessel 10, so that larger quantities of liquid are released into the trap and in the delta form longer liquid flasks. With the appropriate dimensioning of the fleet or fleets, it can be seen that each time no more liquid is released into the downcomer which is squeezed to form a plug of the length required in view of the vacuum obtained in the vacuum vessel, whereby efficiency can be expected to be hog.

Claims (6)

Patent claim: Device for sewage systems in buildings for drainage of relatively clean wastewater, for example wastewater from floor drains, washbasins and sinks, characterized by the fact that the drains from resp. floor drains, washbasins or the like (54-56) Over each of its normally closed shut-off valves (31) by means of pipes (30) connected to a hermetically sealed evacuated room (10), from which leads a downcomer (11), which Over a water lasers or other inflows of air preventing outlet devices open into a sewer line (57) or the like, each outlet being from a bathtub, washbasin or similar assigned shut-off valve (31) being formed as an automatically acting valve which opens when liquid flows out through the outlet, and rods, when the liquid stream has ceased. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shut-off valve (31) is arranged to be controlled by a float (36), arranged in a hermetically sealed end, of the float housing (37) flowing through the waste water. Device according to claim 2, Unsigned in that the float housing (37) is in the form of a standing elongated cylinder, provided with a bottom opening controlled by the float valve (36), to which the pipe (30) leading to the evacuated room (10) is connected. Device according to patent claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the pipeline or pipelines (11), which connect the drains frail resp. floor drains, washbasins or the like (54-56) with the evacuated room (10), are relatively narrow and consist of flexible pipes of plastic or the like. Device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that there are devices for utilizing the storage energy of the waste water in collecting vessels located on the right level of use for generating the vacuum required for suction of the waste water to the respective collection room. Device according to patent claim 5, characterized in that the evacuated space (10) over a float-controlled, normally closed bottom valve (14, 15) is connected to the downcomer (11), sa. that the collected water is discharged from the room in portions, and that a collection room (10) located on a higher level of the floor and an associated downpipe (11) is arranged so that the water discharged from the collecting vessel in portions forms coherent, pipe-filling water flasks, which in their movement suction air down from the pipe from a vacuum container (59) connected to the upper part of the downcomer (11) via a branched pipe (18), which over a vacuum to the desired value reducing valve (34) is connected to the vacuum chamber of the respective collecting vessels (10). . Request publications: Combud: Civ.ing. In Lindvall, Stockholm