SE188144C1

SE188144C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE188144C1
Authority: SE
Original assignee: Sven Algot Joel Liljendahl
Priority date: 1956-05-08
Publication date: 1964-03-10
Also published as: FI48768B; SE177191C1; ES235298A1; AT213348B; BE557284A; NO97152A; SE188144A; CA624668A; GB867664A; LU35120A1; CH356095A; IT571780A; NL111889C; NL102136C; FR1174834A; FI48768C

Description

KLASS INTERNATIONELLSVENSK E 03d85h:9 PATENT- OCH REGISTRE RI NGSVE RKET Ans. 1097 /1957 den 5/2 1957Hartill en riffling S A J LILJENDAHL, STAKET Forfarande vid tomning av klosettstolar och half& avsedd anlaggning Foreliggande uppfinning hanfor sig till ett forfarande for tOmning av klosettstolar vid vilka exkrementen uppfangas i en vattensamling i stolens nedre del och ett vakuum etableras i en dartill ansluten avloppsledning. KLASS INTERNATIONELLSVENSK E 03d85h: 9 PATENT AND REGISTERS OF SWEDEN Ans. 1097/1957 den 5/2 1957Hartill en riffling SAJ LILJENDAHL, FAKET Procedure for emptying toilet seats and half & intended installation The present invention relates to a method for emptying toilet chairs in which the excrement is collected in a body of water in the lower part of the chair and a vacuum is established. a sewer line connected to it.

Den fororening, som astadkommes i narheten av stairre samhallen genom avloppsvattnet frail det stora antalet vattenklosetter, blir ett alit storre problem. Detta är sarskilt att hanfora till det forhallandet, att exkrementen utspadas med enorrna kvantiteter spolvatten, vilket gar en rening av avloppsvattnet nara nog till en omojlighet. Foreliggande uppfinning avser att losa delta problem genom att reducera erforderlig spolvattenmangd i sadan grad, att den avloppsvatska, som skall omhandertagas, blir ytterst ringa och direkt kan bearbetas f8r utvinning av t. ex. godningsamnen. The pollution caused by the larger community through the wastewater from the large number of water closets is becoming a major problem. This is especially due to the fact that the excrement is diluted with enormous quantities of rinsing water, which makes a purification of the waste water close enough to an impossibility. The present invention aims to solve delta problems by reducing the amount of rinsing water required to such an extent that the waste water to be disposed of becomes extremely small and can be directly processed for recovery of e.g. the confectionery.

I mitt patent 177 191 liar beskrivits en klosettstol i kombination med en mekanism, varigenom en sadan reduktion av vattenmangden i och for sig kan erns. Vid utforandet av foreliggande forfarande, kan salunda bl. a. patentets 177 191 mekanism finna anvandning. In my patent 177,191 liar a toilet seat is described in combination with a mechanism by which such a reduction of the amount of water per se can be achieved. In carrying out the present procedure, salunda can e.g. a. the mechanism of the patent 177,191 find application.

Forfarande enligt uppfinningen kanneteeknas i huvudsak darav, att fore tomningsforloppets inledande avloppsledningen evakueras, medan vattensamlingen Wailes avsparrad Iran densamma, samt att tOmningsforloppet inledes genom att avsparrningen plotsligt uppha.- yes si att vattensamlingen bildar en vatskepropp, som av vakuet kolvartat utskjutes genom avloppsledningen. The method according to the invention is mainly characterized by the evacuation of the initial drainage line of the pre-emptive process, while the water collection Wailes blocked Iran the same, and that the emptying process is initiated by the suspension abruptly stopping - yes say that the water collection forms a water plug drained by the vacuum.

Vidare hanfor sig uppfiningen till en anlaggning for forfarandets utforande, omfattande en klosettstol med en tillforselanordning fOr spolvatten och med ett utlapp, anslutet till en avloppsledning, som star under inverkan av en standigt verksam sugluftkalla, samt en utloppet reglerande ventil, som är normalt stangd men intermittent manovrerbar for thinning av stolens innehall. Uppfinningen har till uppgift att astadkomma en for anlaggningen speciellt lampad avloppsledning, vilken kannetecknas darav, att den mellan sugluftkallan och utloppsventilen ãr fOr- sedd med en eller flera proppbildande fickor. Furthermore, the invention relates to a plant for carrying out the process, comprising a toilet seat with a supply device for flushing water and with an outlet, connected to a drain line, which is under the influence of a constantly operating suction air cooler, and an outlet regulating valve, which is normally closed but intermittently maneuverable for thinning the contents of the chair. The object of the invention is to provide a specially designed drainage pipe for the installation, which can be characterized in that it is provided between the suction air source and the outlet valve with one or more plug-forming pockets.

For att n:armare klargora forfarandet och den erforderliga anlaggningen, hanvisas till foljande beskrivning och bifogade ritning, vara fig. 1 or en vertikalsektion genom en fastighet, dar uppfinningen tillampats. Fig. 2 askadliggor en pa betydligt lagre nivä bela.- gen fastighet, vars utloppssystem ar anslutet till det i fig. 1 visade. Fig. 3 är en tvarsektion utmed linjeni fig. 2. Fig. 1 visar schematiskt en detalj i fig. 2. In order to further clarify the procedure and the required installation, reference is made to the following description and the accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 is a vertical section through a property, where the invention is applied. Fig. 2 shows a property located at a much lower level, whose outlet system is connected to that shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a cross-section along the line in Fig. 2. Fig. 1 schematically shows a detail in Fig. 2.

Fig. 1 visar en genomskarning av en anlaggning med flera klosettstolar 1. med tillhorande individuella avloppsventiler 4. Individuella ror 5 och 6 aro dragna genom de olika bjalklagen ned till en behallare 8, anbragt i husets kallare. Som antydes pa ritningen kunna flera sadana ror vara anordnade, av vilka ror vart och ett ar forbundet med avloppet till en klosettstol. Eventuellt kunna flera sa- dana riirledningar forenas till en slam, jfr fig. 2, vilken dock icke bor ha stOrre diameter an grenarna. Dock ãr det viktigt, att varje klosettstol är forsedd med sin individuella avloppsventil 4, sa att sammanforandet till den gemensamma stammen sker efter passerandet av avloppsventilen. Fig. 1 shows a cross-section of a system with several toilet seats 1. with associated individual drain valves 4. Individual pipes 5 and 6 are drawn through the different beam layers down to a container 8, arranged in the cooler of the house. As indicated in the drawing, several such pipes can be arranged, each of which is connected to the drain of a toilet seat. Possibly several such conduits can be combined into a sludge, cf. Fig. 2, which, however, should not have a larger diameter than the branches. However, it is important that each toilet seat is provided with its individual drain valve 4, so that the connection to the common trunk takes place after the passage of the drain valve.

Det antages att avloppsventilen manovreras i samband med varje spolnings- och WmningsfOrlopp pa satt som narmare angivits i mitt patent 177 191. Harigenom kan man erna, att vid varje tomningsforlopp endast en ringa och sit avpassad spolvattenmangd tillfores, att en propp thildas i .avloppsledningen och av vakuet suges som en kolv mot uppsamlingsstallet i behallaren 8. It is assumed that the drain valve is operated in connection with each flushing and flushing process in the manner specified in my patent 177 191. In this way it can be seen that at each emptying process only a small amount of flushed water is supplied, that a plug is formed in the drain line. of the vacuum is sucked like a piston against the collection stall in the container 8.

Eventuellt kan avloppsventilen vara anordnad pa visst avstand frau tillhorande klosettstol 1 och fjarrmanovreras mekaniskt eller elektriskt fran klosettstolens spolmekanism. Optionally, the drain valve can be arranged at a certain distance from the associated toilet seat 1 and be mechanically or electrically operated remotely from the flushing mechanism of the toilet seat.

Behallaren 8 är forsedd med ett eva:kue- — — ringsror 10, en pumPanordning 9 och ett luftningsror 11,, scin utmynnar exempelvis ovanfor husets tak. Pumpanordningen 9 underhaller standigt`ett lampligt vakuum i behallaren 8. Behallaren ãr nara sin botten fOrsedd rued ett tomningsror 12, normalt stangt med en ventil. Vid tamning maste givetvis vakuet i behallaren 8 temporart upphavas och eventuellt bytas till ett iivertryak. The container 8 is provided with an evaporation pipe 10, a pumping device 9 and an aeration pipe 11, for example opening above the roof of the house. The pump device 9 constantly maintains a suitable vacuum in the container 8. The container is near its bottom provided with an emptying tube 12, normally closed with a valve. During taming, of course, the vacuum in the container 8 must be temporarily raised and possibly changed to a pressure vessel.

I fig. 1 visas en del horisontella straekningar hos ri5ren och 6 och om dessa struckhingar aro langa, kan det handa, att den av spolvattnet hildade proppen forlanges sa att den slapper kontakten med rorvaggen och luft kan passera MIA proppen, varigenom denna icke langre ror sig med kolvartad verkan i r5ret. Proppens rorelse blir da langsammare och upphor eventuellt alldeles. Fig. 1 shows some horizontal stretches of the pipe and 6, and if these strokes are long, the plug held by the rinsing water may be required so that it loosens the contact with the pipe wall and air can pass the MIA plug, whereby this no longer pipe itself with carbon black effect in the tube. The movement of the plug then becomes slower and may stop altogether.

I fig.askadliggoras en del annu svd.- rare driftsforhallanden samt atgarder, som enligt uppfinningen kunna vidtagas for att undga denna svarighet. I en byggnad, dar flera vaningar beraknas ligga langt under marknivan, aro ett antal klosettstolar 1 anordnade, var och en forsedd med sin avloppsventil 4. Individuella avloppsgrenar 13, 14 och 15 aro anslutna till en gemensam stigare 16 med exempelvis samma diameter som grenarna. Om stamledningen 16 ar av Whackligt liten diameter, visar det sig, att man kan, suga den bildade vatskeproppen vertikalt uppb.'t en icke ovasentlig distans. For att emellertid sakerstalla att icke proppen upploses, sa att den tfitande anliggningen mellan proppen och rOrvaggen upphor, kan en eller flera proppbildningsfickor 17, 18 anordnas. Den typ, som liar visas, utgores hell enkelt av en sammantrangd rorsIinga, dar proppen kan nybildas. Det antages darpa, att ledningen 16 fortsatter med ett horisontellt parti 19 med en proppbildningsficka 20. Darpa fortsatter ledningen med ett lutande parti 21, som lutar mot den avsedda transportriktningen och som är forsedd med en proppbildningsficka 22. Darefter kommer ett nytt horisontellt parti 23 med en proppbildningsficka 24. Ledningen 23 antages utmynna i sugluftkallan 120 enligt fig. 1. The figure shows some other operating conditions as well as measures which according to the invention can be taken to avoid this liability. In a building, where several drains are estimated to be far below ground level, a number of toilet seats 1 are arranged, each provided with its drain valve 4. Individual drain branches 13, 14 and 15 are connected to a common riser 16 with, for example, the same diameter as the branches. If the main conduit 16 is of very small diameter, it is found that it is possible to suck the formed liquid plug vertically up to a not insignificant distance. However, in order to ensure that the plug does not dissolve, so that the fitting abutment between the plug and the tube wall ceases, one or more plug-forming pockets 17, 18 can be provided. The type shown is quite simply a constricted tube where the plug can be newly formed. It is assumed that the conduit 16 continues with a horizontal portion 19 with a plug-forming pocket 20. Darpa continues the conduit with an inclined portion 21 which is inclined towards the intended direction of transport and which is provided with a plug-forming pocket 22. Then a new horizontal portion 23 with a plug formation pocket 24. The conduit 23 is assumed to open into the suction air source 120 according to Fig. 1.

Den del av ledningarna 19-24, som per under markytan, antages yam inlagd i en tratrumma 25 fylld med ett porost varmeisolerande amne, t. ex. slagg 26. The part of the lines 19-24 which, per below the ground surface, is assumed to be inserted in a hopper drum 25 filled with a porous heat-insulating substance, e.g. slag 26.

For att narmare studera proppbildningsforloppet hanvisas till fig. 4, visande fickan 24 i forstorad skala. Om fickan anses stracka sig mellan sektionerna A och C gaiter, att sektionen B i fickans lagsta punkt skall vara sfidan, att roroppningens »tak» 27 ligger pa en lagre niva an den fria roroppningens botten 28 resp. 29 i var och en av sektionerna A och C. Harigenom kommer taket 27, om en tillracklig mangd vatska inkommer i fickan, att neddoppa under vatskeytan. For att den passerande vatskemangden skall kunna bilda en propp i fickan, fordras tydligen aveli att fickans volym under takets 27 ni-va dr mindre an volymen has en passerande propp: Har ledningen formen av ett likformigt ror kan regeln enklare formuleras sa att rOret skall vara sa krokt; att rokets centrumlinje i fickans lagsta parti ligger minst ett stycke lika med rorets hire diameter lagre an centrumlinjen omedelhart fOre och efter fickan. For a closer study of the plug formation process, reference is made to Fig. 4, showing the pocket 24 on an enlarged scale. If the pocket is considered to extend between sections A and C, the section B at the lowest point of the pocket shall be sfidan, that the "roof" 27 of the pipe opening is at a lower level than the bottom 28 of the free pipe opening, respectively. 29 in each of the sections A and C. As a result, the roof 27, if a sufficient amount of liquid enters the pocket, will dip under the water surface. In order for the passing water quantity to be able to form a plug in the pocket, it is apparently required that the volume of the pocket below the roof 27 ni-va dr less than the volume has a passing plug: If the pipe has the shape of a uniform pipe, the rule can be formulated more simply so that the pipe so crooked; that the center line of the smoke in the lowest part of the pocket is at least one piece equal to the diameter of the rudder hire lower than the center line immediately before and after the pocket.

Motsvarande galler givetvis aven en. ficka av den med 18 beteeknade typen, dar det viktigaste villkoret är, att rorets krokningsradie och diameter skola Tara sa avpassade att mangden vatska i proppen am tillracklig for att vatskeytan skall uppnd rortaket i slingans lagsta del. The corresponding grille, of course, also has one. pocket of the type denoted by 18, where the most important condition is that the radius of curvature and diameter of the pipe should be Tara so adapted that the amount of water in the plug is sufficient for the water surface to reach the pipe roof in the lowest part of the loop.

Som framgar av fig. 2 maste rant 16, 19, 21, 23 forlaggas pa visst satt i forhallande till fickornas 17, 18, 20, 22, 24 lagen. Om namligen en propp brister, innan den nar behdllaren 8, vilket är att betrakta som normalt vid langa ledningar, radste det tillses, att den i roret efter spolningen frau en ansluten klosett 1 kvarstannande vatskan uppdelas pa la.mpliga fickor, sá att vatskan Uwe nasta spolning ligger som en propp i roret i en ficka oiler ar fordelad pa flera fickor. R5ret 19, 21, 33 ar darfor mellan tvenne pa varandra foljande fickor forsett med en Tattendelare», vilka aro markerade med beteckningarna 30, 31 och 32. Ytterligare vattendelare bilda hogsta punkten 33 i roret 23 samt de lokala topppunkterna 34 och 35 i fickorna 17 och 18. Forhallandet kan salunda med andra ord uttryckas sâ att avloppsroret Or nppdelat i sektioner, som var och en begransas_ av vatten-__ _ –Rare, salunda 34.35, 35-30, 30-31, 3182 resp. 32-33, och som var och en innehalla en proppbildande ficka 17, 18, 20, 22 resp. 24. Denna anordning har i praktiken visat sig madvandig for att sakerstalla att tillrackliga luftmangder instangas mellan pa varandra foljande proppar och att vatskemangden i vane propp icke blir for stor.,15en mellan narliggande fickor instangda luftvolymen bestammes av ventilens 4 oppethallande, vilket vid patentets 177 191 anordning mdste vara tillrickligt langt, for att den till avloppet inrusande luftmangden skall hinna driva undan den bildade vatskeproppen. As can be seen from Fig. 2, the edges 16, 19, 21, 23 must be placed in a certain way in relation to the layers of the pockets 17, 18, 20, 22, 24. Namely, if a plug breaks before it reaches the container 8, which is to be regarded as normal for long pipes, it should be ensured that the liquid remaining in the pipe from a connected toilet 1 is divided into suitable pockets, so that the liquid Uwe the next flush is like a plug in the tube in a pocket oil is distributed in several pockets. The pipes 19, 21, 33 are therefore between two successive pockets provided with a Tatten divider », which are marked with the designations 30, 31 and 32. Additional water dividers form the highest point 33 in the pipe 23 and the local vertices 34 and 35 in the pockets 17. and 18. The ratio can thus be expressed in other words so that the drain pipe Or is divided into sections, each of which is bounded by water -__ _ –Rare, thus 34.35, 35-30, 30-31, 3182 resp. 32-33, and each of which contains a plug-forming pocket 17, 18, 20, 22 resp. 24. This device has in practice proved to be useful in ensuring that sufficient air volumes are sandwiched between successive plugs and that the amount of water in the usual plug does not become too large. The volume of air sandwiched between adjacent pockets is determined by the holding of the valve 4, which in patent 177 191 device must be sufficiently long for the amount of air rushing to the drain to have time to drive away the formed water plug.

Om dessa regler iakttagas foreligger ingen svarighet att suga upp de av luftvolymer skilda vatskepropparna fran klosettstolarna till en hogre niva, svarande mot sugformagan i sugluftkallan 8. Det bor harvid beaktas, att spolmekanismen, I. ex. enligt patentets 177 191 fig. 1 eller 3 for faststallande av spolvattenmangden, bör vara sh installd, att vid givet ledningstvarsnitt proppens langd blir att den dr vasentligt mindre an den vattenpelarhojd, som motsvarar sugluftkallans verkan vid ifragavarande stalk av avloppsledningen. Om propplangderna icke aro alltfor stora, kan salunda avloppsvalskan lyf- - -3 tas till vasentligt stone hOjder an dem, som skulle motsvara vattenpelarhojden for maxi-malt vakuum, dvs. c:a 10 m. If these rules are observed, there is no responsibility to suck up the water plugs separated by air volumes from the toilet seats to a higher level, corresponding to the suction form in the suction air source 8. It should be borne in mind that the flushing mechanism, I. ex. according to Fig. 17 or 171 of the patent 177 191 for determining the amount of flushing water, it should be installed that at a given pipe cross-section the length of the plug is that it is substantially less than the water column height which corresponds to the suction air source effect at the stalk of the sewer. If the plug lengths are not too large, the drain roller can thus be lifted to substantially stone heights higher than those which would correspond to the water column height for maximum vacuum, ie. c: a 10 m.

Claims

Patent claim:

A method of emptying toilet seats (1), in which the excrement is collected in a body of water in the lower part of the chair and a vacuum is established in a sewer line connected thereto, characterized by the initial drain line of the emptying process. (16, 19, 21, 23) is evacuated, while the water collection Mlles is separated from it, and that the emptying process is initiated by the opening (4) suddenly being raised so that the water collection forms a water plug, which is ejected by the vacuum carbon-black through the drain line.

2. A method according to claim 1, especially in the case of long drainage pipes, characterized in that in order to cause the plug to be newly formed, the liquid is forced to pass through such curved pipe walls (17, 18, 20, 22, 24) that it comes into contact with the rudder cradles and forms a new plug.

3. A method according to patent claim 2, characterized in that the liquid is caused to pass rudder walls (17, 20, 22, 24), which are alternately curved in opposite directions.

Method according to any one of patent claims 1-3, at. which the extension of the outlet line is such that the plug is to be lifted to a stable with a higher level (Fig. 2), characterized in that at a given pipe cross-section, such a rinsing water quantity is supplied in each emptying process, that the plug length becomes substantially less than the difference in water column height and the pressure produced by the suction air source (8) at the stable in question in the drain line.

Plant for carrying out the method specified in any of claims 1-4, comprising a toilet seat (1) with a supply device for flushing water and with an outlet, connected to a drain line (16, 19, 2. 23), which is under the influence of a continuously operating suction air source (8), as well as an IAloppet control valve (4), which is normally closed but intermittently manoeuvrable for emptying the contents of the chair, due to the fact that the drain line is between the suction air source and the outlet valve provided with one or more plugs pockets (17, 18, 20, 3. 24).

Plant according to claim 5, characterized in that the drain line at the plug-forming (s) is crooked to such an extent that the contact of the liquid with the door cracks is eliminated (Fig. 19).

Plant according to patent claim 6, characterized in that the sewer line is curved in alternating opposite directions.

Installation according to one of Claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the drain line is provided with a number of water dividers (30-35) and that each plug-forming pocket is arranged between two adjacent water dividers.

9. Installation according to any one of patent claims 5-8, characterized in that the drain line along stone or smaller parts of its stretching between the outlet valve and the suction air source leans upwards towards the direction of the transport of the plug induced by the suction.

Installation according to claim 9, wherein the toilet seat Sr is provided with a flushing mechanism for determining the amount of flushing water and the drainage stretch (16, 21) is such that the plug is to be lifted to a stall with a substantially higher level, can be characterized in that the pipe cross-section Or scl given the flushing water quantity the plug length becomes substantially smaller than the difference in water column height between the atmospheric pressure and that of the suction air source (8) at the relevant stall in the drain line.

Plant according to any one of patent claims 5-10, characterized in that several chairs (1) are connected to a common suction air cooler (8) each provided with an individual outlet valve (4) and possibly an evacuation valve.

Plant according to claim 11, characterized in that several chairs (1) are connected to the suction air source (8) with a trunk line (19, 21, 23) with a substantially uniform cross section arranged between it and the various drain valves.

Plant according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the drain lines between the outlet valves (4) of the seats and the common suction air source (8) are formed by individual outlet branches (1315), which arc joined to a common outlet stem (19, 21, 23) with essentially the same flow area as one of the outlet branches. Request publications: Patents frCuz United Kingdom 608 448, 680 154; Germany 603 081; USA 1 613 848, 1 613 84 9.