RU2507162C1 - Method of water aeration and device for its realisation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in enrichment with air oxygen of natural and artificial water bodies, in particular stagnant zones in the process of purification of household and industrial sewage waters in biological ponds, as well as in premises on treatment plants of water supply. Aeration method includes intake of limited portion of water from water body, its isolation from water body, creation of excessive pressure on said portion surface by physical body weight, formation of flowing of speed water jet into mixing chamber, ejection of air from atmosphere by said jet, mixing water and air, discharge of water-air mixture into water body, returning physical body-displacer into initial position. Device contains water-receiving pipe with suction valve, placed on pontoon, physical body-displacer with water-lifting pipe, located inside water-receiving pipe with possibility of reciprocating movement, hung on short arm of equal-arm rocker, which has intermediate water-collecting reservoirs, equipped with siphon drainpipes, on each arm.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to carry out water aeration due to energy of Earth gravitation field both in open water bodies and in premises.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the protection of the aquatic environment and can be used to enrich air of natural and artificial reservoirs, in particular stagnant zones, for the treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater in biological ponds, as well as in rooms at sewage treatment plants.

Aerators are known in which water and air are mixed using mechanical devices driven by industrial energy sources (B. M. Khudenko. Aerators for wastewater treatment. Stroyizdat, 1973 - 112 pages). A disadvantage of the known mechanical aerators is their high energy and metal consumption, since energy from industrial sources and its multiple transformations are used before a useful action is performed.

Known mobile floating aerator (SU 2082683, publ. 06/27/1997), which uses wind power. But to perform a useful action, wind energy is converted into mechanical energy of additional devices. This reduces the efficiency and makes the aerator energy-intensive and metal-intensive. In addition, there are a number of disadvantages. Only the surface layers of the reservoir are aerated; when the wind is calm or the wind is weak, the aerator does not work.

At the same time, it is known to use the gravity of the physical body to move water to a higher geodetic mark with its simultaneous aeration (RU 2412379. publ. 02.20.2011, and RU 2447326, publ. 10.11.2011, RU 2451216, publ. 2012). A water intake pipe with a suction valve is taken from the reservoir and a portion of the water is isolated. Excessive pressure is created on an isolated portion of water by the action of gravity of the physical body. Under the influence of excess pressure, a stream of liquid flows into the mixing chamber through the receiving nozzle and ejects air from the atmosphere. Water and air are mixed, forming a homogeneous water-air mixture, which is discharged by the pressure of a jet of water from a water intake nozzle upward into a water collecting tank. In the automatic mode of operation, the physical body, which displaced water upward and descended while down, is lifted by a lever, the load on which is created by the weight of the raised water.

The objective of the invention is to use environmental energy, namely the energy of the Earth's gravity field, for aeration of water, aerate the bottom layers of the reservoir, including in calm weather, as well as in rooms, for example, in water treatment plants.

The technical result is achieved in that in the aeration method, in which water is taken in a pond, a water flow is formed upward, water is mixed with air, air-saturated water is discharged into a pond, according to the invention, a limited portion of water is taken from the bottom layer of the pond, it is isolated from the pond, create excess pressure on the free surface of the water of an isolated volume by the weight of the physical body and ballast, form a high-speed flow of water through a nozzle with ejection of air from the atmosphere, which, when mixed with water, absorbs it with oxygen, and then the water-air mixture is returned to the reservoir. The physical body, which displaced water upward and at the same time descended downward, is lifted to its initial upper position by a lever, which is loaded with the weight of a portion of water raised upward.

An example of the method

Aeration is produced as follows. A pontoon is brought into the reservoir with a water intake pipe installed in the conductor and equipped with a device for lifting and aeration of the water, and its position in the reservoir is fixed. The intake pipe with a suction valve is lowered to the bottom bottom layers of the reservoir. A water intake nozzle mounted at the end of the riser pipe is introduced into the water intake pipe. The lifting pipe is suspended at the short end of the rocker arm supported on the upper end of the intake pipe. At the long and short ends of the rocker arm, intermediate catchment tanks equipped with siphon drainage pipes are installed. In this case, the diameter of the body of the water intake nozzle is close to the inner diameter of the water intake pipe and its side surface is equipped with annular ridges that act as hydraulic resistance, which means that the annular gap is sealed when excess pressure is formed on the surface of the water in the water intake pipe.

The upper end of the riser is turned into a first intermediate tank at the short end of the beam. Drainage of the siphon pipe from the first intermediate drainage tank is oriented to the second intermediate drainage tank at the long end of the beam. The drainage of the siphon pipe from the second intermediate tank is oriented into the reservoir.

Consider the aeration of the water by the proposed method. A water intake nozzle with a water intake pipe allows free fall into the water inside the water intake pipe. At this time, the suction valve is closed. At the entrance of the water intake nozzle into the water, along with the static excess pressure on the water, a dynamic excess pressure is also formed, which is proportional to the mass of the receiving nozzle with the riser and the square of its speed. Therefore, from the moment the intake nozzle contacts the surface of the water, the latter rushes through the intake nozzle into the mixing chamber under the action of excess pressure. In the mixing chamber, a jet of water ejects air from the atmosphere through an air tube. Water and air in the mixing chamber are mixed, forming a homogeneous water-air mixture, which is discharged by the pressure of a water jet to the day surface through a water-lifting pipe into the first intermediate drainage tank.

Since the body of the water intake nozzle is close in diameter to the inner diameter of the water intake pipe, when it is lowered into the water, resistance to water movement is created between the walls of the body of the water intake nozzle and the walls of the water intake pipe due to the small cross section of the annular gap and the presence of local resistances in the form of ring ridges on body of the intake nozzle. The main amount of water enters the channel of the riser. According to the laws of hydraulics with branched networks, water is distributed inversely proportional to the resistance in the corresponding channels. The shock entry of the water intake nozzle into the water only increases the reliability of such a distribution, since this increases the speed of movement of the water and the resistance of the channels of a smaller cross-sectional area increases.

From the riser, water enters the first intermediate drainage tank mounted on the short arm of the unequal rocker arm. To a first approximation, the volume of incoming water can be defined as the volume of a cylinder with a diameter of the intake pipe and a height equal to the distance from the free surface of the water in the intake pipe that existed before the intake nozzle entered the water to the lowest position of the intake nozzle after it was lowered into the intake pipe.

After filling the first intermediate tank, water flows through the siphon pipe into the second intermediate tank, mounted on the long arm of the rocker arm. After filling the second intermediate tank, the last one, lowering, lifts the lifting pipe with the lever to the upper initial position. Simultaneously with the upward movement of the water pipe, the suction valve of the water pipe opens. Another portion of the water fills the intake pipe. When leveling the water levels in the pond and in the intake pipe, the suction valve closes. From the second intermediate tank, water enriched with atmospheric oxygen flows through a siphon pipe into the reservoir, and the riser again drops down and displaces the next portion of water up. Thus, the cycles of water intake from the reservoir, oxygen enrichment of the water and the subsequent return of aerated water to the reservoir are repeated.

If a certain amount of water breaks through the annular gap between the walls of the intake pipe and the intake nozzle, then it returns to the reservoir along the upper outlet from the intake pipe. Moreover, as a result of contact with air, it is also aerated.

Water Aeration Device

Known mechanical aerators (BM Khudenko. Aerators for wastewater treatment. Stroyizdat, 1973 - 112 pages). A disadvantage of the known mechanical aerators is their high energy and metal consumption, since energy from industrial sources and its multiple transformations are used before a useful action is performed.

Known mobile floating aerator (SU 2082683, publ. 06/27/1997), which uses wind power. But to perform a useful action, wind energy is converted into mechanical energy of additional devices. This makes the aerator metal-intensive and energy-intensive. In this case, only the surface layers of the reservoir are aerated, and only in windy weather. With no wind, the aerator is inactive.

At the same time, it is known to use the gravity of the physical body to move water to a higher geodetic mark with its simultaneous aeration (RU 2412379, publ. 02.20.2011, RU 2447326, publ. 10.11.2011). A device is used, consisting of a water intake pipe with a suction valve, in which a water intake nozzle is placed in diameter, with a water lifting pipe having a mixing chamber with an outlet to the atmosphere. A suction pipe with a suction valve is taken from the reservoir and a portion of water is isolated. Excessive pressure is created on an isolated portion of water under the action of gravity of the physical body. Under the influence of excess pressure, a stream of liquid flows into the mixing chamber through the receiving nozzle and ejects air from the atmosphere. Water and air are mixed, forming a homogeneous water-air mixture, which is discharged by the pressure of the zoda jet from the receiving nozzle upward into the catchment tank through a water pipe.

The objective of the invention is to use environmental energy, namely the energy of the Earth's gravity field, for aeration of water, aerate the bottom layers of the reservoir, including in calm weather, as well as in rooms, for example, in water treatment plants.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a water-lifting device using water aeration to facilitate lifting water upward, consisting of a water intake pipe with a suction valve, a heavy water lifting pipe with a water intake nozzle and ballast, which is used as water in the body of the water intake nozzle, air pipe and mixing chamber , as well as the lift, according to the invention is placed in a pontoon on the surface of the reservoir to be aerated, while the intake pipe is lowered to the bottom layers of the reservoir, and the discharge is aero Anna lifted up and water oriented in a pond. At the same time, water breaking through the annular gap between the walls of the water intake pipe and the walls of the reciprocating water receiving nozzle moving in it is also aerated on the day surface when it is discharged into the water body through a cascade of local resistances open to the atmosphere.

A device for aerating water in a pond is shown in the drawing attached to the description.

The device is mounted on an anchored pontoon 1 with a conductor 17 and contains a water intake pipe 2 with a suction valve 3, a water intake nozzle 4 with annular ridges 5 on the side surface and the housing 18, a water lift pipe 6 with a mixing chamber 7 and a fastener 16, an air pipe 8, not equal a rocker 9, supported on the upper end of the intake pipe 2, with a first intermediate catchment tank 10 on the short arm and a second intermediate catchment tank 11 on the long arm of the rocker arm. The intermediate drainage tanks are equipped with siphon drain pipes 12. From the first tank 10, the drain pipe is oriented to the second tank 11. From the second tank 11, the drain pipe is oriented to the water body. The outlet 13 of the intake pipe 2 is oriented into the drain tray 14 with a cascade of lateral obstacles 15. The drain tray 14 is directed into the reservoir.

A device for aeration of water works as follows.

The device can be considered operational if the water intake nozzle 4 with the water intake pipe 6 are in the upper extreme position. At this time, the intake pipe 2 is filled with water, and the suction valve 3 is closed. Providing the possibility of free movement of the intake nozzle 4 with the lifting pipe 6 down, we begin the process of lifting and aeration of water. The nozzle 4 is in contact with the surface of the water and transfers the severity of the water-lifting pipe 6 and ballast weight to it in the form of water or other inert heavy material filling the housing 18 of the water-receiving nozzle 4. Overpressure occurs on the water surface, under the influence of which water rushes through the opening of the water-receiving nozzle 4 in the form of a high-speed jet into the mixing chamber 7. At the same time, a certain limited amount of water breaks through the annular gap between the walls of the intake pipe 2 and the walls of the intake housing Nogo nozzle 4 and also moves upwardly to the lateral outlet 13 in the water intake pipe 2 via which it merges into the tray 14, oriented in a reservoir, and, on the twisting stage obstacles 15, aerates and drains into the reservoir. In the area of free movement, a jet of water from the intake nozzle 4 entrains air from the atmosphere through the air pipe 8. In the mixing chamber 7, the water and air are intensively mixed and in the form of a uniform air-water mixture enter the water pipe 6. by which it rises and pours out into the first intermediate drainage tank 10. In this case, air is released into the atmosphere, and water accumulates in the tank. In the tank 10, the water accumulates in an amount sufficient so that, by acting on its weight on the long arm of the rocker arm, it can raise the water tube up. This amount of water is determined by the position of the outlet of the siphon pipe from the tank above the bottom of the tank. Therefore, when the water level in the tank 10 is equal to or more than the outlet height of the siphon pipe 12, a siphon is turned on and all the water from the tank 10 flows into the second tank 11. When the tank 11 is filled with water, the downward movement of the lifting pipe 6 slows down until it stops completely. When the tank 11 is completely filled with water, the long arm of the rocker arm 9 begins to fall down and at the same time lift the water-lifting pipe 6 upward with the short arm. When the tank 11 is fully filled, the riser pipe 6 will reach the upper extreme position.

When the water-lifting pipe 6 moves upward, the suction valve 3 in the water-receiving pipe 2 opens under the action of hydrostatic pressure in the water body and a new portion of water flows into the water-receiving pipe 2. When the water levels in the water-body and water-receiving pipe 2 are equalized, the suction valve 3 closes. At the same time, the water in the intermediate collecting tank 11 on the long arm of the rocker arm 9 reaches the exit level of the siphon pipe and this launches the siphon into operation. The tank 11 begins to empty and the water lift pipe 4 begins to sink into the water intake pipe 2, making the next working cycle.

Thus, there is aeration of water in the reservoir due to environmental energy, namely due to the energy of the Earth's gravitational field. The performance of water saturation with air is high and depends mainly on the diameter of the intake pipe. With its diameter of 5 m and immersion in the water of the intake nozzle in each cycle for 1 m, 250 liters of water are aerated in each working cycle. At the time of raising the water intake nozzle, the water in the water intake pipe flows down and does not fall into the catchment tank. But since the length of the riser and its diameter are small, the amount of water returning down does not reach 1%.

Since the device works offline around the clock, large volumes of water in the pond are aerated per day.

Claims (3)

1. The method of aeration of water with air, including the intake of water from a reservoir, the formation of a water stream, the intake of air from the atmosphere, mixing of water and air, the discharge of water saturated with air into a reservoir, characterized in that the water is taken in limited portions from the bottom layers of the reservoir, isolate taken a portion of water from a reservoir, create an excess pressure on the surface of an isolated portion of water by the weight of the physical body and ballast, form under the influence of excess pressure a rapid outflow of water through a nozzle with air ejection and atmosphere which is mixed with water, enriched with oxygen, and then a water-air mixture is returned to the reservoir, the intruding water through the water intake nozzles sliding contact with the walls of aerated water intake pipe as a tray with a cascade of obstacles and discharged into the reservoir. 2. The method of aeration of water according to claim 1, characterized in that the physical body, which displaced the water up and down while lowering, is returned to its original upper position using a lever loaded with the weight of a raised portion of water. 3. A device for aeration of water according to the method described in claim 1, comprising a pontoon anchored in a pond and a water intake pipe mounted on it, characterized in that the water intake pipe is equipped with a suction valve at the bottom, an outlet at the top and lowered into the bottom layers of the reservoir through the conductor, having fasteners for holding the water intake pipe on the pontoon, and it contains a physical body and ballast along the diameter of the water intake pipe with a water lifting pipe, which is suspended on the short arm of an unequal rocker arm supported on the top the end of the riser pipe, while at the both ends of the unequal rocker arm, intermediate drainage tanks with drain siphon tubes are mounted, the siphon tube from the short arm tank is oriented into the long arm tank, and the siphon pipe from the tank of the long arm rocker is oriented into the reservoir, the outlet of the water intake pipe is oriented drain pan with transverse obstacles.

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