RU94910U1 - PNEUMA-MECHANICAL MODULE OF SUSPENSION OF A VEHICLE - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. Pneumo-mechanical module of the vehicle suspension, including upper and lower supports, an elastic element in the form of a cylindrical helical spring and a damping device, characterized in that the spring is coaxially placed in the cavity of the damping device, made in the form of closed uniaxially tensioned soft cylindrical corrugated rubber-cord corrugated unloading rings shell, and damping properties are provided by inlets made in the head of a spring-loaded exhaust air cl Apana mounted in the upper support. ! 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that at a high compression rate, the rubber cord shell acts as a spring-loaded air spring.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of automotive industry and may find application in vehicle suspensions.

Known elastic suspension elements of wheeled vehicles in the form of springs, springs, torsion bars [1], made of rigid structural materials (eg, metal).

The disadvantage of these elements is the need for a damping device in the suspension to ensure smooth running of the machine, as well as buffers to limit the compression and rebound moves.

Known pneumatic rubber-cord elastic elements [1]. Soft closed rubber-cord shells do not require buffers, however, they require the introduction of a damping device into the suspension to suppress the vibrations arising from the impact of the road.

Known air suspension with rubber-sheath [2] and adjustable damping properties that do not require a shock absorber. The disadvantage of the suspension is the design complexity, which reduces the reliability of its operation.

Known suspension modules for cars, including the upper and lower bearings, spring elastic element and a damping device located inside the spring in the form of a hydraulic or pneumohydraulic shock absorber [1].

The disadvantages of suspension modules with hydraulic and pneumatic-hydraulic shock absorbers are the high material consumption, the need for protection against breakdown, the possibility of leakage of hydraulic fluid when the shock absorber parts are worn out, and also “aeration”, when during intensive work the air present in the shock absorber begins to mix with oil, forming foam, degrading damping properties.

The purpose of the utility model is to increase road safety by reducing the vibration load of the car.

To achieve the goal, the task is solved - the creation of a vehicle suspension module, which reduces material consumption by replacing the working body of the damping device with hydraulic fluid by air, and its metal elements with a rubber-cord shell.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where:

- figure 1 presents a side view of the device;

- figure 2 is a top view;

- figure 3 - device operation in compression;

- figure 4 - the operation of the device during the release.

The pneumatic-mechanical module includes a rubber-cord soft cylindrical shell 1, the uniaxial tension of which is ensured by unloading rings made of rigid structural material and giving the shell 1 a corrugated appearance. The ends of the shell 1 are closed by supports 2 and 3, made in the form of glasses, on the outer walls of which are applied annular grooves for tight pairing with the inner surface of the ends of the rubber-cord shell 1.

The closure of the ends of the shell 1 and the walls of the glasses 2 and 3 is carried out by locking rings made in the form of clamps (hoops) of an L-shaped section. The shelves of the rings have holes located around the circumference of the ring for fastening to the supports 2 and 3 with screws. The lock ring connectors have ends bent at an angle of 90 degrees, in which holes are made (not shown in the drawing) for closure using, for example, a bolt-nut connection. The outer surfaces of the bottoms of the glasses of the upper and lower supports have the possibility of hard mounting: supports 2 - to the frame, supports 3 - to the vehicle bridge.

In the closed cavity formed by the shell 1 and the supports 2 and 3, an elastic element in the form of a round coil spring 4 is coaxially placed. The upper turn of the spring 4 is rigidly connected to the inner surface of the bottom of the support, and the lower turn is to the inner surface of the bottom of the glass of the support 3 (mating details are not shown in the drawing).

A round central hole is made in the bottom of the support 2 to accommodate the exhaust air valve 5. The upper part of the hole, having a maximum diameter, is used to accommodate the exhaust air valve 5. The lower part of the hole, having an average diameter, is designed to accommodate a round coil valve coil spring 6, moreover, the diameter of the spring 6 is larger than the diameter of the middle part of the hole. The valve seat is located in the support 2 with a gap in the middle of the hole for its free reciprocating movement.

An annular groove for the retaining ring is made in the lower part of the foot of the exhaust air valve 5, which fixes the position of the supporting washer 7, spring 6. The outer diameter of the washer 7 is larger than the diameter of the middle part of the hole in the support 2. In the absence of travel in the vehicle suspension, the spring 6 tightly presses the lower surface of the head of the exhaust air valve 5 to its seat. The density of the connection is additionally ensured by a gasket made of elastic material located in the annular groove of the seat of the exhaust air valve 5.

In the groove of the saddle of the exhaust air valve 5 and, accordingly, in the gasket, holes 8 are made around the circumference, coaxial to each of them are made damper inlets 9 of smaller diameter in the head of the exhaust air valve 5.

The operation of the pneumomechanical module of the vehicle suspension is as follows.

When the wheel of a vehicle is hit by an obstacle, a compression stroke occurs in the module (Fig. 3). Overcoming the force of the spring 4, the supports 2 and 3 are moving towards each other. The volume of the inner cavity of the rubber cord membrane 1 decreases, the pressure in it increases. With a slight compression stroke, when the excess air pressure caused by it in the shell 1 is not enough to compress the spring 6 of the exhaust air valve 5 (the valve remains in its seat), the air enters the atmosphere through the holes 8 of the saddle and through the holes 9 of the head of the exhaust air valve 5. during compression, when the air pressure in the cavity of the shell 1 transmitted to the inner surface of the exhaust air valve 5 is sufficient to compress the valve spring 6 (Fig. 3), it is compressed, the exhaust air valve 5 is under is removed, and air flows from the cavity of the shell 1 into the atmosphere additionally (to the holes 8 and 9) through the gap between the leg of the exhaust air valve 5 and the walls of the hole connecting the valve spring cup 6 and the saddle of the exhaust air valve 5, as well as through the annular gap formed between the head of the squeezed exhaust air valve 5 and the seat of the support 3. The maximum stroke of the exhaust air valve 5 and the size of the annular gap are limited by the position of the support washer 7 on the leg of the exhaust air valve 5.

At a high compression rate (impact of the vehicle’s wheel against an obstacle), when the air does not have time to exit the module cavity through openings 8 and 9 and the annular gap, under the influence of excessive air pressure, the rubber-cord material of the sheath 1 stretches within its deformation module and the proposed device works as spring-loaded air spring increased rigidity. At the same time, protection against breakdown of the suspension is ensured by the strength of the material of the shell 1 and the unloading rings, which ensure uniaxial stress of the material.

During the rebound, for example, when the wheel is torn off the road surface (Fig. 4), the axial load on the module decreases, the spring 4 expands, pushes the supports 2 and 3 away from each other, increasing the volume of the shell 1 cavity and creating a vacuum in it. Under the action of discharge, the exhaust air valve 5 sits in the saddle, closes the air supply through the annular gap, forcing it to enter the cavity of the shell 1 only through the damping holes 9 of the exhaust air valve 5, acting as a bellows and damping the forced vibrations of the sprung mass of the vehicle.

The proposed suspension module does not require hydraulic fluid, is environmentally friendly, and the damping properties in it do not deteriorate in any operating mode. The uniaxial stress of the rubber-cord sheath material provided by unloading rings allows the use of durable materials of low material consumption in the construction of soft shells, and the vehicle suspension with such a module does not require buffers.

Used sources

1. Design of all-wheel drive wheeled vehicles: In 2 tons. T.2. Textbook For universities / B.A. Afanasyev, B.N. Belousov, L.F. Zheglov, and others; Under the total. Ed. A.A. Polungyan. - M.: Publishing House of MSTU. N.E.Bauman, 2000 .-- 640 s.

2. Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 23440468, publ. 2008 year

Claims (2)

1. Pneumo-mechanical module of the vehicle suspension, including upper and lower supports, an elastic element in the form of a cylindrical helical spring and a damping device, characterized in that the spring is coaxially placed in the cavity of the damping device, made in the form of closed uniaxially tensioned soft cylindrical corrugated rubber-cord corrugated unloading rings shell, and damping properties are provided by inlets made in the head of a spring-loaded exhaust air cl Apana mounted in the upper support. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that at a high compression rate, the rubber cord shell acts as a spring-loaded air spring.