RU85069U1 - DEVICE FOR GROWING PLANTS AND GREENING OF CITIES - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for growing plants and greening cities in the form of a vertical pipe of any section for growing plants on a surface without a substrate, containing lodgments for placing plants, systems and devices for supplying nutrient solution and other growth components in the form of aerosols, gas mixtures, characterized by that the pipe is placed on a support structure that collects the nutrient solution that directs it to the outflow system, and the pipe contains a mesh supporting the roots inside, and part of the pipelines for feeding the nutrient solution and gas-air mixtures are located inside the pipe with the orientation of the nozzles and nozzles in the cultivation volume relative to the walls pipes for creating a constant movement of air masses with aerosol droplets. ! 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the main cultivation volume is made of a heat-shielding material and / or has heat-insulating layers inside and / or outside, and the outer side of the cultivation pipes is made of a sun-protective coating.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, namely to growing plants without land in special devices when exposed to the root system with a nutrient solution and / or its aerosol. In addition, the invention can be used in ornamental horticulture and crop production or for landscaping settlements.

Known methods and devices for growing plants without land on vertical surfaces or devices (FR 2747263 A1, 1997; RU 94000713 A1, 1995; EP 0533939 A1, 1993; SU 1780652 A1, 1992; SU 1428311 A1, 1988), and the principle is known the use of aerosol to affect the root system of a plant (RF patent No. 2050123, A01 31/02, 1995; RF patent 2128905, A01G 31/00, 1999). Closest to the present invention is the invention according to the patent of Russia No. 22818120 A01G 31/02 "Device for growing plants".

Closest to the technical nature of the present invention is the device according to Russian patent No. 2248120 contains a cultivation pipe, mounted vertically, a system for supplying plants with water and nutrients, lodgements that provide support, installation and updating of plants, a nozzle for receiving an aerosol of nutrient solution, and the lower part has a hole with which, during the operating mode, air exchange and any qualitative characteristics of the environment surrounding the root system are regulated .

Known options for organizing the process of growing plants with a large mass (for example, trees) hydroponically have a significant drawback, namely, the lack of sufficient support for the root zone of the plant. In addition, in very hot periods of the year, the pipes of the beds in which the plants are cultivated overheat, the temperature inside the pipes reaches undesirable values, which reduces the growth and development of plants.

The task of the invention is to optimize the cultivation of plants of any size with a large weight of the root system, and also to expand the scope and improve cultivation processes, a new installation is proposed.

The technical result is achieved in that in a device for growing plants and landscaping cities in the form of a vertical pipe of any cross section for growing plants on a surface without a substrate and containing lodgements for plant placement, a system and a device for supplying a nutrient solution and other growth components in the form of aerosols, gas mixtures, a container for growing plants is placed on a supporting structure, which is a collection of nutrient solution that directs it to the outflow system, and the pipe itself contains and a grid supporting the roots — a lattice, with some of the lines for feeding the nutrient solution and gas-air mixtures located inside the pipe with the orientation of the nozzles and nozzles in the cultivation volume relative to the pipe walls to create a constant movement of air masses with aerosol droplets.

To optimize the conditions of root growth in the device, the main cultivation volume is made of heat-protective material and / or has heat-insulating layers inside and / or outside, and the outer side of the cultivation pipes is made with a sun-coating.

The cultivation pipe of any section and large internal volume is made with a strong internal mesh or grid for supporting the roots of a tree. The pipe is placed on a support funnel-shaped structure, buried for some distance from the earth's surface, made of durable material (for example, cast iron), which collects the flowing nutrient solution and directs it to the solution outflow system.

There are several nozzles for spraying the nutrient solution inside the pipe, and nozzles are installed inside the pipe to rotate the air-gas mixture. Nozzles are located on any horizon of the pipe at a certain angle to its wall.

Part of the supply lines for nutrient solutions and gas-air mixtures to plants is placed inside the pipe. The line for supplying nutrient solutions is sometimes combined with the line for supplying gas-air mixtures. In this case, the nozzles are oriented at an angle to the pipe wall to create a circular motion of air with aerosol droplets along the pipe walls.

In addition, the pipe is made of heat-protective material (for example, expanded clay concrete) with a thick wall and / or has an external and / or internal heat-protective coating. Outside the pipe there is a sun-reflecting film or other coating.

The hole in the lower part of the pipe is designed as a hermetically sealed hatch through which workers are accessed into the pipe. The pipe is closed by a sealed cover, which in some cases is made in a decorative style. Inside the pipe and in some sections of the nutrient solution line and the air-gas mixture supply line, instrumentation and sensors of the corresponding parameters are located. To stabilize the situation, the cultivation pipes are connected by fixing tires, sometimes made in a decorative version.

Such plants can be used, in addition to industrial production, in decorative horticulture and crop production, or simply in urban landscaping. The positive aspects of this approach to urban greening are:

- the ability to get rid of huge trees, which are very difficult and dangerous to work with,

- the possibility of the rapid formation of sufficient power and quality of landscaping large areas, parks, playgrounds, recreation areas, walking alleys and even roads,

- the ability to combine on a single pipe various trees and shrubs for more effective noise reduction and gas protection of air in cities.

The invention is illustrated in figures 1 and 2.

The figure 1 presents the main elements of the claimed invention, and figure 2 shows a design option for a playground.

Figure 1. The cultivation tube 1 is placed on a support funnel-shaped structure 2, deepened at a certain distance from the earth's surface. The support grid or frame 3 is located in the root zone and is a support for the roots of the plants 4. The nutrient solution supply line 5 has an outlet 6 into the pipe, from which the spent solution is collected into the outflow system 7. There is a hatch 8 in the lower part of the pipe and a lid on top 9. All cultivation pipes for stabilization and overall stability are connected by mounting tires 10.

Figure 2. The figure 2 presents a variant of the use of the invention for the specific purpose of landscaping the city: designing a playground inside the neighborhood. A pipe of figured cross section is used, on which rings 11 for fixing lodges (not shown), a heat-protective layer 12 outside the pipe and a playground 13 are indicated.

Installation works as follows.

After placing the plants 4 on the lodgements (not shown) and fixing their root system on the grate 3, the hatch 8 and the cover 9 are tightly closed. The internal volume of the cultivation pipe 1 is gradually saturated with the necessary amount of aerosol and the air masses are given the necessary rotation in the entire volume of the pipe 1. Adjust the mass and speed of the flow of the nutrient solution through the installation, focusing on the outflow system 7 and the absence of leaks in the systems and compounds. Through the hatch 8 measure the parameters of the internal environment. With normal parameters, the installation is operated in a standard automatic cultivation mode.

Claims (2)

1. A device for growing plants and landscaping cities in the form of a vertical pipe of any cross section for growing plants on a surface without a substrate, containing lodgements for placing plants, systems and devices for supplying nutrient solution and other growth components in the form of aerosols, gas mixtures, characterized in that the pipe is placed on a supporting structure, which is a collector of nutrient solution directing it to the outflow system, and the pipe contains a mesh supporting the roots inside, and part of the mains for supplying a nutrient solution and gas-air mixtures is located inside the tube with the orientation of nozzles and the nozzles in the cultivation volume of the pipe wall to create a constant movement of air masses with aerosol droplets. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the main cultivation volume is made of heat-shielding material and / or has heat-insulating layers inside and / or outside, and the outer side of the cultivation pipes is made with a sun-coating.