RU82322U1 - INSTALLATION OF COLLECTING VAPORS OF OIL PRODUCTS FOR UNDERGROUND RESERVOIRS WITH A HIGH FUEL TURNABILITY COEFFICIENT - Google Patents

Abstract

Installation for collecting oil vapor for underground reservoirs with a high fuel turnover ratio, containing a buried reservoir with petroleum products and a semi-buried reservoir with low octane petroleum product, characterized in that a common piping system with shutoff valves connected horizontally to the half-buried reservoir is installed horizontally on the body of the breathing valve of each reservoir, which equipped with a receiving device for fuel vapor and a filter with an absorber, while on respiratory whisker valves vertically installed tubes with valves for collecting vapor at the temperature fluctuations in underground oil reservoirs.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to devices for trapping vapors of oil products and can be used in the petrochemical and other oil product supply industries.

The proposed utility model is most applicable when using petroleum products of various grades at gas stations and underground steel horizontal tanks (RGS) for storing and dispensing petroleum and petroleum products with high fuel turnover ratios per year.

Air basin pollution at a gas station occurs when oil vapor is released during the “large” and “small” tank breathing. Losses from "big breaths" are due to the displacement of the vapor-air mixture (PVA) from the reservoir when receiving the oil product. In this case, the volume of gas space decreases and the breathing valve is activated. Losses from “small breaths” are caused by daily fluctuations in temperature and partial pressure of fuel vapor (mainly gasoline) in the gas space of the tank.

Characteristic features in the operation of gas stations are the issuance of small doses of a large number of petroleum products, as well as high tank turnover ratios per year. This means significant evaporation loss. Hydrocarbon emissions into the atmosphere during the evaporation of petroleum products from reservoirs are very large. This not only leads to fuel losses, but also negatively affects public health. Given that modern gas stations are equipped with underground reservoirs that minimize daily temperature fluctuations, the fight against fuel losses from “big” breaths becomes the main environmental and economic task.

Known steel horizontal tank [1]. These tanks are available in various capacities. For the reception and delivery of petroleum products, CSGs are equipped with a drain device and a receiving valve. In order to provide “small and large” tank breaths, there is a breathing valve. A metering hatch is installed on the roof of the tank, which serves to measure the level and take fuel samples.

Also on the tank there are control and signaling devices (level meters, level alarms).

The disadvantages of this tank when catching oil vapor are:

1. Low efficiency of trapping vapors of petroleum products at gas stations, especially with “large” tank breathing.

2. A high level of air pollution by vapors of petroleum products.

Also known is a reservoir for receiving, storing and dispensing crude oil containing dissolved gas [2].

In this device, on the roof of a vertical steel tank (PBC) for receiving, storing and separating crude oil from water, an additional nozzle with a poppet valve equipped with a pipeline with a valve, as well as a rubber-fabric tank MR-4 are additionally installed. The rubber-fabric tank is hermetically connected to the pipeline using gaskets and a clamp. The MP-4 tank allows you to hold 4000 liters of fluid. The response pressure of the poppet valve is set at 0.0015 MPa, which is significantly lower than the response pressure of the breathing valves of the SMDK and PNR brands installed on the tanks [1]. It should be noted that metering and skylights, ventilation pipes, as well as other devices installed on the roof of the tank, must be hermetically sealed.

The installation of additional equipment allows you to continuously receive and pump out crude oil with a high gas content,

located in the tank. Oil foam in case of reaching the roof of the tank through a pipe, a poppet valve, an open gate valve and piping communications gets into the rubber-fabric tank, where it settles and degasses. In this case, there will be no emergency situation associated with the release of oil foam on the roof and walls of the tank, as well as with the stopping of pumping equipment.

The disadvantages of this tank are:

1. Low efficiency of trapping vapors of petroleum products, especially with "large" breathing tanks.

2. The load on the roof of the vertical steel tank is increased due to the total mass of MP-4 and the oil in the tank.

Closest to this problem is the installation for trapping vapors of oil products [3].

The installation for vapor recovery of petroleum products consists of a reservoir with stored oil, a pump, a reservoir for collecting vapor with double walls, between which cold water (refrigerator) flows, partially filled with low-octane oil. Inside the reservoir for vapor recovery there are installed: flat horizontal partitions in the layer of low-octane oil product, ultrasonic generators on the outer surface of the inner walls of the reservoir, and activated carbon filter absorber at the outlet of the reservoir. Installation works as follows. When excessive pressure is created in the tank (2000 Pa), the pump is turned on through the automatic device, and gaseous hydrocarbons are piped into the tank connected to the cold water supply system. Due to the temperature difference in the tank for petroleum products and in the cooler tank, condensate forms on the inner walls of the bubbles when gaseous hydrocarbons enter the trap tank. Under the action of ultrasonic generators mounted on the outer surface of the tank,

there is a crushing of bubbles or their complete removal. As a result, the oil product formed on the inner walls of the bubbles is mixed with the low-octane oil product. To increase the path of the bubbles to the upper layers of the low-octane oil product and increase the exposure time of the ultrasonic generators on them, the internal partitions of the tank are installed stepwise, forming a kind of labyrinth. In this case, part of the gaseous hydrocarbons as a result of crushing of the bubbles is absorbed by the low-octane oil product. The insoluble part of the gaseous hydrocarbons at the outlet of the tank is captured by the filter-absorber.

The process of removal of gaseous hydrocarbons from the reservoir occurs until a vacuum (250 Pa) is created in the reservoir. When the vacuum valve is activated, the pump shuts off.

The disadvantages of this installation are:

1. The complexity and high cost of installation.

2. High probability of failure of the installation elements.

3. The orientation of the installation on ground vertical steel tanks of large capacity, in which the main fumes occur due to changes in temperature ("small" breaths).

The proposed utility model allows us to solve the problem of increasing the efficiency of trapping vapors of oil products stored in underground tanks, in which the main fumes occur in connection with the intake of fuel (“big” breaths). At the same time, the cost of a vapor recovery unit is reduced, its design and the operator’s work to maintain an additional tank designed to capture oil vapor are simplified.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the breathing valves of the tanks at the gas station are equipped with a pipeline with a valve for the removal of oil vapor during "small" breaths, a common piping system with valves, which connects to an additional semi-deep

horizontal steel tank R-5. In this case, the R-5 tank is partially filled with a low-octane component, equipped with an activated carbon filter-absorber and a receiver of oil vapor.

These features are essential for solving the utility model problem, since the efficiency of oil vapor recovery is increased when fuel is received in buried tanks with high fuel turnover per year, the reliability of the operation of the installation also increases, and the design and operation of the operator to maintain the installation elements are simplified.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings (figure 1, figure 2,), which depict: sections of the installation in various operating positions.

On the proposed tank 1, having a device for dispensing fuel 2, a drain device 3, a metering hatch 4, a pipe 5 of a breathing valve 6, equipped with a poppet valve 7, a pipe 8 with a valve 9 is additionally installed vertically on the body of the breathing valve to ensure "small" breathing of the tanks. Also on the case of the breathing valve, but already horizontally installed a common pipeline system 10 with valves 11, which is connected to an additional semi-deep horizontal steel tank 12, which is equipped with an activated charcoal filter-absorber 13 and a device for receiving oil vapor 14, which is equipped with two partitions with holes of various diameters for crushing vapor bubbles. An additional tank with a capacity of 5 m ^{3 is} half filled with a low-octane component 15, which is located below the surface of the earth 16 for the purpose of cooling.

The utility model works as follows.

When storing and dispensing fuel from the tanks (Fig. 1), the operator closes the valves 11 of the common pipeline system 10, and opens the valve 9 of the additional pipe 8 to provide "small" breaths,

which are extremely small, since temperature changes in underground tanks are insignificant.

When filling the tank (figure 2) through the receiving device 3, the oil enters the tank 1. At the same time, the fuel level 17 begins to increase, and accordingly the volume of the steam space 18 decreases. In order to catch the vapors during “big” breaths, the operator closes the valve 9 of the additional pipe 8 and opens the valves 11 of the general piping system 10 connected to the additional tank 12, equipped with a receiving device 14 and partially filled with a low-octane component 15. With increasing pressure, the breathing valve plate 7 rises 6 and vapors through an open pipeline system through a receiving device with partitions enter the reservoir with a low-octane component. In this case, part of the gaseous hydrocarbons as a result of crushing of the bubbles is absorbed by the low-octane oil product. The insoluble part of the gaseous hydrocarbons at the outlet of the tank is captured by the filter-absorber 13.

Literature

1. A.N. Volgushev et al. Equipment for gas stations. Tutorial. St. Petersburg: Watt, 2000 - 92 s.

2. Yu.A. Matveev, O. N. Vedmanov, and Yu. P. Martsev. Utility Model Patent No. 74206. A reservoir for receiving, storing and dispensing crude oil containing dissolved gas.

3. A.S. Kuznetsov and others. Patent for the invention No. 2226122. Installation for collecting vapors of oil products.

4. Yakovlev B.C. Storage of petroleum products. Problems of environmental protection - M .: Chemistry, 1987.

5. VG Kovalenko Ecological safety in oil products supply systems and automobile transport. M .: LitNefte-Gas, 2004.

Claims (1)

Installation for collecting oil vapor for underground reservoirs with a high fuel turnover ratio, containing a buried reservoir with petroleum products and a semi-buried reservoir with low octane petroleum product, characterized in that a common piping system with shutoff valves connected horizontally to the half-buried reservoir is installed horizontally on the body of the breathing valve of each reservoir, which equipped with a receiving device for fuel vapor and a filter with an absorber, while on respiratory whisker valves vertically installed tubes with valves for collecting vapor at the temperature fluctuations in underground oil reservoirs.