RU76147U1 - TRAINING AND LABORATORY STAND - Google Patents

Abstract

The training and laboratory stand refers to educational equipment and is designed to carry out laboratory work in subjects related to digital electronics and microcircuitry, microprocessors and their programming, control and automation, automation of technological processes and can be used in higher and secondary special educational institutions.

The technical result of the utility model is to expand the functionality of the stand, increasing the reliability and usability of the stand, increasing the efficiency of classes, as well as reducing the cost of manufacturing.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the well-known training laboratory stand, consisting of a case, the front part of which is a work area, the front part of the case contains an information screen, output connectors of three clock signals with LED indicators, a keyboard, input and output signal connectors with LED indicators, the working area of interchangeable panels with a laboratory complex, and inside the case there is a board containing a microcontroller, a liquid crystal display, input and output microcircuits x buffers with connectors, a sound emitter, a connector for a non-volatile memory chip, a connector for combining training and laboratory stands in a network, and the mentioned input and output connectors are made in pairs.

Description

The training and laboratory stand refers to educational equipment and is designed to carry out laboratory work in subjects related to digital electronics and microcircuitry, microprocessors and their programming, control and automation, automation of technological processes and can be used in higher and secondary special educational institutions.

There is a well-known stand for the study of logic circuits UM-11, manufactured by JSC PROTON-MIET Plant, Zelenograd, Moscow Region, consisting of a case, the front part of which contains a typesetting field with drawings for logic and memory chips, to which input and output connectors are output , source of power.

There is also a stand for studying UM-11M logic circuits manufactured by PROTON-MIET Plant OJSC, Zelenograd, Moscow Region, consisting of a case, the front part of which contains a typesetting field with drawings for logic and memory chips, on which input and output connectors, power supply.

However, the known device has a limited range of laboratory and practical work, it is not reliable enough and convenient to use, the lessons are not effective enough, and it has a high manufacturing cost.

The technical result of the utility model is to expand the functionality of the stand, increasing the reliability and usability of the stand, increasing the efficiency of classes, as well as reducing the cost of manufacturing.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the well-known training laboratory stand, consisting of a case, the front part of which is a work area, the front part of the case contains an information screen, output connectors of three clock signals with LED indicators, a keyboard, input and output signal connectors with LED indicators, the working area of interchangeable panels with a laboratory complex, and inside the case there is a board containing a microcontroller, a liquid crystal display, input and output microcircuits x buffers with connectors, a sound emitter, a connector for a non-volatile memory chip, a connector for combining training and laboratory stands in a network, and the mentioned input and output connectors are made in pairs.

The essence of the utility model lies in the fact that the front part of the case contains an information screen, output connectors of three clock signals with LED indicators, a keyboard, connectors for input and output signals with LED indicators, the working area of interchangeable panels with a laboratory complex, and a board containing a microcontroller is installed inside the case , liquid crystal display, input and output buffer chips with connectors, sound emitter,

a connector for a non-volatile memory chip, a connector for combining educational and laboratory stands into a network, and the mentioned input and output connectors are made in pairs, which allowed to expand the functionality of the stand by expanding the range of laboratory and practical work due to the wide variety of necessary modules, automatically reconfigured when turning on the power with the installed panel with the laboratory complex by storing data on the type of laboratory work in each panel, increase the reliability the ability of the stand to work with incorrect assembly of the circuit on the panel due to the protection of all switched connectors, to increase the convenience of work due to the presence of a liquid crystal display and a built-in keyboard that allows you to enter values in various number systems, which is convenient when studying registers and memory elements, as well as account for the presence of a rectangular pulse generator, a pulse counter (gives the specified number of pulses) and a switch (manual input of the clock signal), to increase the efficiency of classes at the expense of the possibility of operation of the stands in an automated mode as a result of combining the stands in a network, as well as reducing the manufacturing cost by implementing elements of digital logic programmatically, in the form of a program code inside the microcontroller.

The accompanying drawings show the proposed training laboratory stand, where:

figure 1 is a General front view;

figure 2 - printed circuit board, front view;

figure 3 and 4 are examples of panels with laboratory complexes;

figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a stand;

figure 6 - structure of an automated training laboratory, which shows the following notation:

1 - information screen;

2 - output connectors of the three clock signals:

- generator of constant clock signals - the first pair;

- pulse counter - the second pair;

- switch - the third pair;

3 - key to enter the menu and switch between menu items;

4 - keys to start generating pulses:

- C1 - start the generator of constant clock;

- C2 - start of the pulse counter;

- C3 - start the switch;

5 - keyboard;

6 - input signal connectors;

7 - indicators of input signals;

8 - input signals of high logic levels;

9 - indicators of output signals;

10 - output signal connectors;

11 - working area of interchangeable panels with a laboratory complex;

12 - the front part of the housing;

13 - printed circuit board;

14 - microcontroller;

15 - liquid crystal display;

16 - keyboard;

17 - microcircuit input buffers with connectors;

17 ′ - output buffer microcircuits with connectors;

18 - LED indicators;

19 - a sound emitter;

20 - connector for a non-volatile memory chip;

21 - connector for combining stands in a network;

22 - panels with laboratory complexes;

23 - non-volatile memory chip;

24 - an automated workplace of a teacher;

25 - connecting wires,

26 - case;

27 - indicators of the output clock signals.

Training and laboratory stand (figure 1) consists of a housing 26, the front part 12 of which is a work area. On the front of the case there is an information screen 1, output connectors 2 of three clock signals: constant clock generator - the first pair; pulse counter - the second pair; switch - the third pair with LED indication 27, key 3 enter the menu and switch between menu items, key 4 start generating pulses: C1 -

start the clock generator; C2 - start pulse counters; C3 - start-up of the switch, keyboard 5, connectors of input 6 and output 10 signals of eight pairs, indicators of input 7 and output 9 signals of eight each, input 8 signals of high logic levels, working area of interchangeable panels 11. A printed circuit board 13 is installed inside the booth (figure 2), on which the microcontroller 14, a liquid crystal display 15 with 2 × 16 characters, a keyboard 16 with 4 × 5 keys, consisting of a key 3, 4 keys and a keyboard 5, input 17 and output 17 ′ buffers with connectors are located LED indicators 18, sound radiator 19, connector 20 for non-volatile memory microcircuit, connector 21 for combining stands in a network (RS 485 interface). On panels 22 with a laboratory complex (Figs. 3 and 4), a non-volatile memory chip 23 is installed.

The training laboratory bench has a microprocessor control circuit, i.e. physically, it does not contain digital logic elements, the elements are implemented programmatically, in the form of program code inside the microcontroller 14. The control program is located in the non-volatile memory chip 23, where the program code corresponding to the figure of panel 22 with the laboratory complex is recorded.

All blocks of the circuit (Fig. 5) are controlled by a microcontroller 14, in which specialized software is recorded (hereinafter - STR). In addition to controlling the blocks of the circuit, the STR contains a user interface (polling the keyboard, menus on the display, clock signals, systems

reckoning), a multi-terminal protocol with a checksum for working in the RS-485 network, writing data to the microcontroller program memory from a non-volatile memory chip.

When the training and laboratory bench is turned on, the panel 22 is polled. If the panel 22 is in the slot, then recording is made from the non-volatile memory 23 to the microcontroller 14 program memory. This is necessary to increase the speed of the entire circuit. The program code corresponds to the picture of the panel with the laboratory complex. The next time you turn on the stand with the same panel, recording will not occur, because program code is also stored in non-volatile program memory. If the stand is switched on without a panel with a laboratory complex, the stand works in test mode. This mode is necessary to check the operability of all connectors of the stand, keyboard, LED indicators.

To study microcircuit devices, students assemble a circuit on panel 22 with a laboratory complex using wires with connectors (not shown). To enter the menu, press the key 3 (figure 1). Switching between menu items is carried out by repeated pressing the menu key. The current menu item is displayed on the information screen 1. Having selected the desired item, enter the parameter value from the keyboard 5. At the same time, the received parameters are displayed on the information screen 1 taking into account the range of values. The selected parameter value is confirmed by pressing the menu key 3. Exit the menu automatically

after a few seconds of inactivity of the keyboard or cyclically when you press 3.

The duration and number of pulses for the generation modes are set using the menu. To start the generation of pulses, press the key of the corresponding mode. Disabling the constant clock mode and the switch is carried out by repeated pressing the corresponding key. Exit the pulse counter mode automatically or cyclically by pressing key 3.

To supply the input signals to the circuit, special input connectors 6 and 10 are used. Each connector is numbered. To supply the input signals of high logical levels 8, press the key, the number of which coincides with the number of the input connector. To change the signal level, use the second key press. Each input connector is equipped with an indicator 7 to display the level of the supplied signal. If the indicator is on, the logical unit level is input, and off, the logical zero level.

A logic level is always present on high level input signals. They are convenient to use in the presence of constant signals in the assembled circuit.

The output signals of the constructed circuit are connected by the connectors of the output signals 10 of the stand. The indicators connected to each output display the level of the incoming signal: if the indicator is on, the output is the level of a logical unit, and off, the level is a logical zero.

Input and output signals, inputs and outputs of logic elements and devices are interconnected by wires having special contact sockets on both ends.

For convenience, the inputs and outputs of the logic elements, as well as the input and output connectors are made in pairs, i.e. have two contacts on which the same signal is present. This is necessary when building complex circuits in which the signal comes from one output to several inputs. In this case, the output signal is supplied to the contact connector of one of the inputs. From the remaining free second connector, the signal, by connecting the connectors with a wire, is fed to the next input, etc. until the desired branching level is reached.

The training and laboratory stand contains an RS-485 interface for combining stands from 2 to 32 pieces (Fig.6) in a network and through a device for interfacing with a personal computer (PC). The PC contains a special software shell, forming together with hardware devices an automated workstation (AWS).

Thanks to automation, laboratory work is greatly simplified and allows them to be carried out at a modern level. For automation they use Crystal Automatic application software (software), a switch and connecting wires. PPO together with PC forms an automated workstation (AWS) for a teacher, and each training and laboratory stand - a workplace (RM) for a student

(ULS with an installed panel, commutation wires and a manual for laboratory work).

Application software allows you to visually view the status of each workplace, manage (change settings, send a text message with an audio alert) each workplace, allows you to determine the full name student, group number stored in the database. Upon completion of the laboratory work, the teacher has the opportunity to print a report with the results of the laboratory work.

The advantages of the training laboratory stand are also its compactness, which allows you to deploy the laboratory in small rooms without compromising the quality of laboratory work and low power consumption.

Claims (1)

Training and laboratory stand, consisting of a case, the front part of which is a working area, characterized in that the said front part of the case contains an information screen, output connectors of three clock signals with LED indicators, a keyboard, input and output signals connectors with LED indicators, work area interchangeable panels with a laboratory complex, and inside the case there is a board containing a microcontroller, a liquid crystal display, microchips of input and output buffers with connectors , Acoustic alarm, a connector for non-volatile memory chip, a connector for combining teaching and laboratory benches in a network, wherein said input and output connections are made in pairs.