RU73150U1 - AGRUSTER OF PRESEEDING TREATMENT OF SEEDS OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is aimed at increasing the quantity and quality of the crop through the use of a low frequency electromagnetic field and microbiological agents that are safe for humans, non-phytotoxic, highly active under widely varying conditions against a complex of pathogens with a multifunctional type of action.

This is achieved by the fact that the pre-sowing seed incrustator of agricultural crops contains a loading conveyor, a seed hopper, a distributor, a dressing chamber, a suspension sprayer, a seed disk, a mixing chamber, a vertical screw, an unloading screw, a filling pump, hydraulic communication, a working fluid reservoir, a pump -doser, aspiration system, in addition, a complex consisting of three sequentially located electromagnetic generators is installed above the switchgear low frequency fields.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of agriculture and can be used to dress seeds of grain and other crops from fungal and bacterial infections.

Known installation for presowing treatment of seeds of grain, legumes and industrial crops (Shamaev, G.P. Mechanization of crop protection from pests and diseases / G.P. Shamaev, S.D.Sheruda. - 3rd ed. Revised and additional .- M .: Kolos, 1978, S. 180-181), which contains a grain hopper with a feeder for adjusting the seed supply, a hopper for dry pesticides with a tedder, a puffer feed mechanism and a dispenser, a reservoir of working fluid or water with a tap for adjusting the fluid supply mixing and unloading mechanism with unloading neck, electric motor and transmission mechanism. The use of this installation provides obtaining seed seed of not high quality. The disadvantage is imperfect hardware design, which affects the process.

A universal type PS-10 seed incrustator was adopted as a prototype of a utility model (Danube, NF Mechanization of plant protection / NF Danube, G.A. Ryabtsev, P.I. Slebodyuk. - M .: Kolos, 1979. - S. 152-159.). The treater is a self-propelled automated installation with a drive of mechanisms from electric motors. It consists of a loading conveyor, a seed hopper with a distribution device, a dressing chamber, a discharge device with a discharge screw, a tank, a suspension dispenser, a fuel pump, a frame with a running gear, an air cleaning device, a system

electrical equipment. The disadvantage of the prototype is the insufficient increase in sowing qualities of seeds.

The objective of the claimed model is the development of an incrustator of presowing seed treatment of agricultural crops. This allows you to improve the quality of seed material, reduce its seeding and affection with phytopathogenic microflora, increase germination, seed germination rate and productivity.

The technical result of the utility model is to increase the quantity and quality of the crop through the use of a low frequency electromagnetic field and non-phytotoxic microbiological agents that are safe for humans, which are highly active under widely varying conditions against a complex of pathogens with a multifunctional type of action.

This result is achieved by the fact that in the incrustator of pre-sowing treatment of seeds of agricultural crops containing a loading conveyor, a seed hopper, a dispenser, a dressing chamber, a suspension sprayer, a seed disk, a mixing chamber, a vertical screw, an unloading screw, a fueling pump, hydrocommunications, a working tank liquids, metering pump, suction system, in addition, a complex consisting of three successive generators is installed above the switchgear lektromagnitnogo low frequency field. The use of a complex of generators with a capacity of 8 mW each, a range of modulating frequencies of 20 Hz - 2 kHz and a carrier frequency of 26.9 MHz, makes it possible to combine the physical method of protecting seeds of crops and microbiological, which are currently the most cost-effective in order to improve the quality and quantity the crop.

The high sensitivity of crop seeds to a low-frequency magnetic field is associated with a change in pH and the release of proteins, which accelerate the release of seeds from dormancy

and stimulate the development of restoration processes in them, determined by the restoration of the barrier function of the membranes, which in turn leads to an increase in seed germination and the absence of microflora on them.

Figure 1 shows an incrustator of presowing seed treatment of agricultural crops.

The seed pre-treatment incrustator of agricultural crops consists of a loading conveyor 1, a seed hopper 2, a dispenser 3, a dressing chamber 4, a suspension sprayer 5, a seed disk 6, a mixing chamber 7, a vertical screw 8, an unloading screw 9, a refueling pump 10, hydrocommunications 11, a reservoir for the working fluid 12, a metering pump 13, an aspiration system 14, a complex consisting of three sequentially located low-frequency electromagnetic field generators 15.

Installation works as follows. Seeds loading conveyor 1 is fed into the hopper for seeds 2. The seed supply is automatically controlled by three sensors of the membrane type mounted on the wall of the hopper. From the grain hopper, the seeds are fed to the dispenser 3, where a complex consisting of three sequentially located low-frequency electromagnetic field generators 15 is installed, at which time the seeds are processed with a low-frequency electromagnetic field. Next, the seeds enter the pickling chamber 4, where the seed disc 6 is distributed in an annular flow around the entire perimeter of the pickling chamber. A suspension sprayer 5 is located under the seed disk inside the downward annular flow of seeds. The suspension is prepared in the reservoir for the working fluid 12, where the components of the etching compositions are filled with a special device through the neck. Using a filling pump 10 with hydraulic communications 11 fill the reservoir for the working fluid with water to the level of the upper sensor, and for 5-10 minutes

the components are mixed with mechanical stirrers. The supply and suspension are controlled by the metering pump 13. Additional mixing of the seeds and suspension is carried out in the mixing chamber 7, as well as in the process of unloading the seeds in the vertical 8 and unloading screw 9. The incrustator is provided with an aspiration system 14 for sucking air contaminated with pesticides from the unloading neck of the unloading screw and feeding it into a filter-absorbing system.

The use of low frequency electromagnetic field generators in the incrustator allows combining two cost-effective methods of protection: physical, which reduces seed contamination of the seed and activates biological processes, and microbiological, which protects the seeds from the negative effects of the environment, in particular from soil infection.

Thus, the utility model enhances the protective effect of seed resistance against phytopathogenic microorganisms and thereby increase crop yields.

Claims (1)

A seed sowing incrustator of agricultural crops containing a loading conveyor, seed hopper, dispenser, dressing chamber, suspension sprayer, seed disk, mixing chamber, vertical auger, unloading auger, refueling pump, hydraulic communications, a working fluid reservoir interconnected in technological sequence , metering pump, suction system, characterized in that an additional complex is installed above the switchgear, consisting of of three consecutively located low-frequency electromagnetic field generators.