RU69159U1 - LUBRICATION SYSTEM OF THE TURBOCHARGER OF THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - Google Patents

Abstract

Lubrication system of a turbocharger of an internal combustion engine rotated by the exhaust gases of an engine. Designed to lubricate the turbocharger bearing during free run-out after engine shutdown. The system contains an oil accumulator with a spring-loaded piston connected to the main oil line of the engine through a check valve. After the engine stops, the piston, under the action of a spring, displaces the oil from the accumulator into the bearing through the nozzle and the drain valve, which is switched on by the solenoid from the control unit by commands of the pressure and temperature sensors in the oil line.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to lubrication systems of machines and engines, in particular, to lubrication systems under pressure, and is intended for use in the lubrication of a bearing of a turbocompressor mounted on diesel ICE.

A feature of the operation of a turbocompressor installed on automotive diesel ICEs, in a particular case used on KAMAZ vehicles, is that the turbine rotates by the exhaust gases of the engine itself and has a common shaft and bearing with a compressor, which drives the compressor forcing air into the ICE cylinders. However, since the temperature of the exhaust gases acting on the turbine is about 700 ° C, the turbocharger bearing operates in extremely unfavorable conditions, requiring constant lubrication and cooling, for which it is connected to the main oil line of the engine, in which the oil is under constant pressure, created by the internal combustion engine oil pump during its operation. Moreover, since the rotor of the turbocompressor develops up to 100,000 min ^-1 and does not have a rigid kinematic connection with the oil pump, it is obvious that immediately after the engine stops, the turbocompressor continues to rotate and has a long run-out at its bearing temperature significantly higher than the coking temperature of the oil without lubricating and not cooling, which causes it (the bearing) accelerated wear up to destruction.

An example of one of the possible ways to solve this problem is

serve the device according to French patent No. 2646225, IPC F16N 7/14; F02C 7/06; F01M 1/02, 9/00; 1989.

The known device contains a hydraulic accumulator of oil, where a separate oil pump is pumped into a certain supply of oil, at the right time supplied to the turbocharger. The known device also contains a system of oil pipelines, including various valves (safety, bypass, etc.), ensuring the normal operation of the device.

A number of disadvantages inherent in the known device is caused, first of all, by the presence of a separate oil pump, which causes certain difficulties when installing the device on a structurally developed and materially implemented engine, as well as by the peculiarities of the oil piping and the location of the corresponding valves on them, which is caused by the climatic conditions of the region of operation affecting the reliability of the device (for example, in Russia, the average annual temperature is minus, when the oil is prone to freezing, while as in Europe, in particular, in France - a plus).

Based on a set of similar essential features, a device according to ed. St. USSR No. 1312197, IPC F01M 5/00, 1/06, 1985.

The known device contains a hydraulic accumulator of oil connected through its inlet through a non-return valve to the main oil distribution line of the internal combustion engine, in which when the engine is running, the oil is constantly under pressure created by a standard oil pump. With its output (pressure line), the hydraulic accumulator of oil is connected through the nozzle to the bearing of the turbocharger, from where then the excess oil is drained into the oil pan. While filling the oil accumulator, the air inside it is compressed, which is why after stopping the oil pump (engine), the oil in the accumulator continues to be

for some time, under pressure and during the run-out of the turbocharger rotor, it flows through the pressure line (exit from the accumulator) to the rotor bearing, and after stopping the oil pump, the accumulator is disconnected from the main oil distribution line by a check valve.

A disadvantage of the known device is its limited ability to adapt to changing conditions of its operation (changes in temperature, pressure, viscosity of oil, its leaks, etc.), which reduces the reliability of its operation.

The claimed technical solution was tasked with increasing the reliability of the turbocharger lubrication system.

The problem is solved in that a lubrication system for a turbocharger of an internal combustion engine is proposed, comprising a hydraulic accumulator of oil, connected by an inlet channel through a non-return valve to the main oil distribution line of the engine, and by an outlet channel through a nozzle to a bearing of the turbocharger, characterized in that the system contains an electrically powered ignition switch control unit connected to oil temperature and pressure sensors in the main oil distribution line and to the reciprocating salt oidu which acts on the discharge valve and the accumulator piston is mounted, resiliently acting on the oil in it and the drain valve is mounted in series jets.

The technical result of the proposed device is manifested in improving its adaptability to changing operating conditions during operation, which increases the durability of the turbocharger bearing.

The drawing shows a diagram of the claimed device.

The claimed lubrication system of a turbocharger of an internal combustion engine (ICE) contains a hydraulic accumulator 1 of oil connected to the input

channel 2 through the check valve 3 to the main oil line 4 of the engine, and the output channel 5 through the drain valve 6 and the nozzle 7 (may also be called "throttle") to the bearing of the turbocharger 8.

The system contains an electrically powered ignition switch (not shown in the drawings due to the inconsequential design, should not be confused with the well-known ignition ignition of the carburetor engine due to terminological similarities) control unit 9, to which temperature sensors 10, 11 oil pressure in the main oil line 4 are connected, as well as a reciprocating solenoid 12, acting on the drain valve, while the piston 13 is installed in the oil accumulator, acting by the spring 14 on the oil under the piston 13.

The system operates as follows.

When the engine is operating at overpressure in line 4, the oil through the check valve 3 enters the accumulator 1, compressing the spring 14. After the engine is stopped, the pressure in the line 4 decreases and, at the command of the control unit 9, the solenoid 12 opens the drain valve 6, as a result of which oil from the accumulator 1 under the pressure of the spring 14 through the nozzle 7 continues to flow to the bearing of the turbocharger 8. An additional oil supply is also possible during engine operation in transient conditions and insufficient oil pressure in the line 4, which edelyaetsya control unit 9 via oil pressure sensor 11.

In winter, in order to avoid thickening of the oil in the accumulator, the drain valve 6 periodically opens, maintaining oil circulation. The intervals between the opening of the valve are set by the control unit 9 depending on the oil temperature detected by the sensor 10.

The design of the control unit 9 is not considered in the materials of this application, since it is solved by well-known design methods in accordance with the tasks performed by the unit.

Claims (1)

The lubrication system of a turbocharger of an internal combustion engine, comprising an oil accumulator connected via an inlet channel through a non-return valve to the ICE main oil line and an outlet through a nozzle to a turbocharger bearing, characterized in that the system contains a control unit electrically powered from the ignition switch connected to temperature sensors and oil pressure in the oil line and to the reciprocating solenoid acting on the serial nozzle drain valve, and in the oil accumulator D is mounted a piston resiliently acts on the oil in the accumulator.