RU2706329C1 - Self-contained oil supply system to internal combustion engine and turbo compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a lubricant of internal combustion engines and components thereof with engine oil under pressure prior to start-up, as well as for turbo-compressor shaft cooling after internal combustion engine operation. Autonomous oil supply system to internal combustion engine and turbo compressor comprising oil pump with electric drive, controlled by control unit connected to ignition lock and having electrical connection to storage battery, oil temperature sensor, according to invention, the system has autonomous oil pump, additional oil temperature and pressure sensor mounted on oil-pumping pipeline of autonomous oil pump, wherein main oil line of internal combustion engine and standard line of oil supply to turbo compressor are connected to line of autonomous oil supply through check valve, and flows of the pressurized oil are controlled by electric valves, which are mounted on the oil supply line to the main oil line and on the oil supply line to the turbocompressor shaft, control of electric valves and duration of operation of autonomous oil pump is performed by control unit.

EFFECT: invention provides oil supply to friction elements of the engine before start-up, as well as turbo-compressor shaft cooling after engine shutdown.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

It is known that starting an internal combustion engine after prolonged downtime or during a period of negative temperatures is associated with increased wear of its mating parts. Increased wear of the rubbing elements at start-up is due to a slight delay in the supply of engine oil from the engine sump to the mating parts, which causes short-term oil starvation.

Of the published sources known to the applicant, the most specific design solutions aimed at reducing the time of engine oil starvation when it starts include forced-start-up pumping systems with a mechanical drive of the oil pump at the DT-175 tractor and with an electric drive at the DET-250 tractor (see, respectively : “Tractor DT-175S.” Edited by Ya. F. Rakitin. M., VO Agropromizdat, 1988, and “Tractor DET-250 and its modifications. Edited by A.S. Pisarevsky. M., "Engineering", 1975), as well as a system having e electric drive of forced prestarting with manual control of the K-701 tractor (see. "YaMZ-240 engine and its modifications". Edited by GD Chernyshev, M., "Engineering", 1972, pp. 62-66, pp. . 34).

It is known "Device for starting lubrication of an internal combustion engine" according to the patent of the Russian Federation for utility model No. 88737, IPC F01M 1/02, 2009. The known system has the following disadvantages according to the applicant. The operation algorithm of the oil pump and the heating element can be considered unsuccessful, because in this case, when the device is introduced, the capacity of the battery will play a decisive role, the resources of which will be spent primarily on heating the oil, and during the start-up of the engine at negative temperatures, heating of the pumped oil can take a long period of time; in case of starting a warm engine, the criterion for pumping oil into the engine oil line is only the operating time of the pre-pump, and not the oil pressure in the lubrication system. At the same time, the purpose of the pressure switch and oil pressure sensor and their functions in preliminary pumping of oil remains unclear if the pump is switched off only after a certain working time has passed.

It is known that turbochargers are installed in internal combustion engines, which serve to increase power and expand the operational capabilities of the vehicle. A design feature of turbochargers is that the compressor drive comes from exhaust gases, while the impellers have a common shaft and a bearing sleeve (sliding bearing), which is lubricated and cooled by engine oil supplied by an oil pump of a standard engine lubrication system. The disadvantage of the turbocharger design is that the oil is supplied to the turbocharger from the existing engine oil pump, i.e. while the internal combustion engine is running, the turbocompressor shaft and its bearing assembly are lubricated and cooled. Under the influence of high temperatures immediately after engine shutdown in conditions of insufficient lubrication and cooling, the sleeve (sliding bearing) is destroyed, made, as a rule, of non-ferrous metal alloys. To prevent failure of the bearing assembly of the turbocharger, the engines equipped with it do not stop for some period of time after prolonged operation under load, put it in idle mode, thereby providing cooling of the turbocharger shaft and the sleeve (sliding bearing). However, this method is not effective, as it causes increased fuel consumption and emissions of harmful substances with exhaust gases.

It is known "The device for supplying oil to a turbocharger with constant pressure, heating and cleaning" according to the patent of the Russian Federation for utility model No. 130644, IPC F04D 29/063, 2013. The known system has the following disadvantages according to the applicant. The system has the ability to pump oil only for the turbocharger, the duration of the oil pump is determined only by the operating time, and not the temperature state of the turbocharger, it is not possible to pump motor oil into the lubrication system before starting the internal combustion engine.

The claimed technical solution was tasked to eliminate the above disadvantages.

Improving the reliability of modern internal combustion engines with a turbocharger is a relevant operational task and depends, inter alia, on the efficiency of the engine lubrication system when it is started, as well as in the post-stop period, i.e. the period of time when the fuel supply stops and the rotation of the crankshaft stops.

The objective of the invention is to ensure the supply of engine oil to the lubrication system of an internal combustion engine both before starting it and the flow of engine oil to the turbocharger after the engine is stopped, while the mode of supplying engine oil to a standard engine lubrication system before starting it and the mode of supplying engine oil to the turbocharger carried out independently from each other or jointly, and the control of operating modes is carried out by a programmable control unit.

The technical result of the use of the invention is to ensure the supply of engine oil to the rubbing elements of the internal combustion engine before starting to reduce starting wear, as well as cooling the turbocharger shaft after engine shutdown, a general decrease in the heat stress of engine components after it is stopped, which will generally increase the engine resource. The technical result is achieved by installing an autonomous oil pump, an additional oil temperature and pressure sensor mounted on an oil pump pipeline of an autonomous oil pump, while the main oil line of the internal combustion engine and the standard oil supply line to the turbocharger are connected to the line of oil supply via check valves, and the flows pre-injected oil are regulated by electrovalves that are mounted on the oil supply line in the heads th line and the oil on the oil supply line to the turbocharger shaft, and duration control electrovalves work maslozakachivayuschego auxiliary pump is a control unit.

An autonomous system for supplying oil to an internal combustion engine and a turbocharger is proposed, which is capable of both supplying engine oil to rubbing parts both during the pre-start period and after the internal combustion engine stops, as illustrated in the drawing (Fig. 1). The proposed system consists of:

1 - oil sump;

2 - oil receiver;

3 - regular oil pump;

4 - oil filter;

5 - bypass valve;

6 - liquid-oil heat exchanger (if available in the engine design);

7 - oil filter;

8 - oil pressure gauge;

9 - emergency oil pressure sensor;

10 - nozzles for cooling the pistons (if available in the engine design);

11 - crankshaft;

12 - camshaft;

13 - oil channel axis of the rocker arm;

14 - an intermediate gear;

15 - turbocharger;

16 - air compressor (if available in the engine design);

17 - high pressure fuel pump;

18 - safety valve;

19 - plug for draining the oil;

20 - valve bypass filter element;

21 - the main oil line;

22 - electric starter;

23 - oil pumping pipeline;

24 - oil intake fitting;

25 - oil temperature sensor;

26 - autonomous oil pump;

27 - electric motor oil pump;

28 - battery;

29 - control unit autonomous oil pumping;

30 - oil pressure sensor;

31 - the electrovalve of oil supply to the engine;

32 - solenoid valve for supplying oil to a turbocharger;

33 - check valve turbocharger;

34 - check valve oil pre-start engine;

35 - discharge pipe.

The autonomous oil supply system contains an autonomous oil pump 26, mechanically connected to the electric motor of the oil pump 27, connected to the on-board battery 28. The oil pump 23 by means of a threaded connection using the oil sampling fitting 24 is connected to the oil drain hole of the crankcase 1 of the internal combustion engine. The discharge pipe 35 is connected to the main oil line 21 of the internal combustion engine through a check valve for the oil pre-feed to the engine 34.

The system operates as follows.

The control unit 29 of the autonomous oil pump 26, connected to the accumulator 28, is connected to the oil pressure sensor 30 and to the oil temperature sensor 25, and also controls the electric valves for supplying oil to the engine 31 and to the turbocharger 32.

Before starting the internal combustion engine when the ignition switch is turned on (not shown in the diagram), an electric signal is supplied from the battery 28 through the control unit 29, which enables the autonomous oil pump 26 to be switched on by the oil pump 27 motor. At the same time, the control unit 29 opens the solenoid valve 31 for the discharge oil into the engine, while the solenoid valve 32 is in the closed position.

The engine oil pressure generated by the autonomous oil pump 26 enters the discharge pipe 35, then passes through the open solenoid valve 31 and the check valve 34 enters the main oil line 21 of the internal combustion engine and is distributed among the engine components and components. At the same time as the oil enters the main oil line 21 through the standard oil supply line of the internal combustion engine, the oil pressure is distributed to the axis of the turbocharger passing through the check valve 33, while the oil solenoid valve to the turbocharger 32 is in the closed position, which ensures preliminary oil supply through the axis turbocharger from a standard engine lubrication system.

When oil is injected into the main oil line 21 of the internal combustion engine, it undergoes preliminary cleaning in the filtering elements 4 and 7, and then moves according to the accepted engine design. The number of components and assemblies subjected to preliminary lubrication depends on the design features of the engine on which the autonomous oil supply system is used and can vary. The engine oil supplied to the lubrication system of the internal combustion engine by the autonomous oil pump 26, after passing through the assembly or unit, flows into the engine tray 1 and is re-sucked by the autonomous oil pump 26.

The duration of the pre-start pre-pumping of engine oil depends on the initial start-up conditions and is estimated by the control unit 29 based on the readings of the oil temperature sensor 25 and determined by the programming of the control unit 29. After the set pre-start oil pumping condition has elapsed (for example, when the set oil pressure is reached based on the pressure sensor 30 or a certain operating time), the autonomous oil pump 26 is turned off, and the starter 22 d is started igatelya combustion by commands from the control unit 29.

After starting the internal combustion engine, the standard oil pump 3 begins to pump engine oil into the lubrication system. Moreover, to prevent oil from entering the autonomous oil supply system, there is a check valve 34, while the electric valve 31 for supplying oil to the engine and the electric valve 32 for supplying oil to the turbocharger are in a closed state.

After prolonged operation under load of the internal combustion engine and its subsequent shutdown, the control unit 29 starts an autonomous oil pump 26, while closing the oil supply valve 31 to the engine and opening the oil supply valve 32 to the turbocharger, thereby cooling the turbocharger shaft, at the same time non-return valve 33 does not allow the supplied oil to enter the regular engine oil supply line, thereby providing the most efficient cooling of the turbocomp shaft spring.

The duration of the pumping of engine oil after the internal combustion engine is stopped depends on temperature conditions and is evaluated by the control unit 29 based on the readings of the oil temperature sensor 25. After a predetermined condition for pumping oil after the internal combustion engine has stopped (for example, reaching the set temperature of the oil based on the temperature sensor 25 or a certain operating time) the autonomous oil pump 26 is switched off.

The claimed device is suitable for use on highly accelerated internal combustion engines, regardless of the type of fuel used, method of ignition and purpose.

Claims (1)

The device of an autonomous system for supplying oil to an internal combustion engine and a turbocharger containing an electric oil pump with an electric drive, controlled by a control side connected to the ignition switch and connected electrically to the battery, the oil temperature sensor is characterized in that the system has an independent oil pump, an additional temperature sensor and oil pressures mounted on the oil injection line of an autonomous oil injection pump, with the main oil line l the internal combustion engine and the standard oil supply line to the turbocharger are connected to the autonomous oil supply line through the non-return valve, and the pre-pumped oil flows are regulated by electrovalves that are mounted on the oil supply line to the main oil line and on the oil supply line to the turbocharger shaft, control of the electric valves and the duration of the autonomous oil pump is carried out by the control unit.

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