RU68593U1 - SWITCHING ITEM IN RESERVE SELF-RESCUE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the mining industry and can be used in accidents in mines to protect miners, when their time to fresh air is longer than the duration of the protective action of self-rescuers. The technical result of using the utility model is to increase the comfort of changing self-rescuers by adjusting the height of the camera based on the growth of each user and the supply of fresh air directly to the respiratory organ. The switching point contains sections 1, hermetically connected to each other and hermetic doors 2 and 3, mounted on opposite sides of the point. In each section, cameras 8 are installed for comfortable breathing with a fresh air supply system in them during the replacement of the self-rescuer. Each camera is mounted on a guide 20 and, using a system of levers 9 connected by hinges, when a predetermined force is exceeded that exceeds the friction force in the hinges, it can move along the guide. Each chamber has an arcuate tube with holes connected to a fresh air source. This allows you to apply fresh air around the perimeter directly to the respiratory organ when installing the camera on the shoulders of the miner. The proposed switching point allows the replacement of self-rescuers to all miners, regardless of their growth in comfortable conditions. 2 C.p.F., 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the mining industry and can be used in accidents in mines to protect miners, when their time to fresh air is longer than the duration of the protective action of self-rescuers. In addition, the proposed switching point can be used to rest miners and rescuers, temporary protection against gases, etc.

At mines in Russia, insulating self-rescuers are used as means of self-rescue of miners during accidents, the protective time of which is at least 60 minutes. In practice, this time is not always enough for people to go to a safe place due to the large remoteness of jobs. In these cases, according to the requirements of the Safety Rules (Clause 51 PB 05-618-03. - M., 2003), switching points to backup self-rescuers are equipped on the routes of leaving the accident zone.

The mobile self-rescue point PSP (PSPM) is known, intended for inclusion in reserve self-rescuers after the expiration of the protective action of the personal self-rescuer or in the absence of it, breathing or resting people when they are forced to stay in the zone of the point until normal ventilation is restored or until the rescuers arrive, etc. d. (Devices, instruments and equipment of the mine rescue service. Catalog. - M.: TSNIEIugol, 1981. - S.30-34).

The well-known life-saving station is a portable metal container containing insulating self-rescuers, a compressed air cylinder, a reducer with high and low pressure gauges, an intercom with a speaker, air ducts with mouthpieces and half masks. A rescue station, instead of a cylinder with compressed air for breathing people, can be connected to

trunk mine network. Mobile self-rescue points are installed mainly on ventilation and haulage drifts 10-20 m from the exit of people from the lava. The rescue station is switched on automatically when the container door is opened. Air from a cylinder under high pressure enters the gearbox and then into the lung machines. If air is not taken through breathing masks and mouthpieces, then compressed air from a cylinder or pneumatic network is not consumed, i.e. individual air consumption occurs only when using half masks or mouthpieces, in other cases, including when changing self-rescuers, people breathe air in the container. This is the main disadvantage of the known rescue station: miners, by the number of emergency self-rescuers, must get together at the station, close the door, let air into the container until the control equipment is triggered, and only after that they can switch to emergency self-rescuers. It takes at least 20-25 minutes, which during the accident is dangerous consequences.

There is a known point of switching to backup self-rescuers, comprising a case with hermetically sealed doors, containers for backup and used self-rescuers, a fresh air source and open breathing chambers installed in the case when changing self-rescuers (patent for PM No. 59150, class E21F 11/00, claimed June 26, 2005, published in 2006, B. No. 34).

A disadvantage of the known device is that the difference in height of people reaches up to 400 mm. Due to the location of the camera rigidly at a certain height, some cannot get their heads to it. Thus, it is impossible to supply fresh air to workers of different height, especially in smokey conditions. In addition, the intake of fresh air from one side of the chamber leads to turbulence in the flow, suction of contaminated air (smoke) and the formation of a mixture.

The technical result of using the utility model is to increase the comfort of changing self-rescuers due to

adjusting the height of the camera based on the growth of each user and the supply of fresh air around the perimeter of the camera directly to the respiratory organ.

A switching point to backup self-rescuers is proposed, comprising a housing made of separate sections hermetically connected to each other, hermetic doors, containers for backup and used self-rescuers, a fresh air source and a chamber for comfortable breathing.

The difference is that each camera is mounted on a rail with the ability to control its height movement.

Another difference is that the chamber for comfortable breathing is additionally connected to the top of the section using pivotally interconnected levers forming a rhombus with adjustable friction in the joints.

The difference is also that the chamber for comfortable breathing is equipped with an arcuate tube with holes connected to a source of fresh air.

The design of the switching point provides the possibility of replacing the used self-rescuers with backup ones as the miners approach and allows you to create comfortable conditions for breathing in the chamber by supplying fresh air to everyone, regardless of human height, directly to the respiratory system.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the drawing, in which Fig. 1 shows a general view of the switching point, in Fig. 2 is a view of a chamber for comfortable breathing in section according to II-II of Fig. 1.

The switching point to backup self-rescuers has a housing consisting of separate sections 1, hermetically connected to each other. The item has hermetically sealed inlet 2 and outlet 3 doors. Sections during assembly are installed on two beams 4. Each section has shelves 5 for backup self-rescuers 6 and shelves 7 for used self-rescuers.

In each section, chambers 8 are installed for comfortable breathing, which are suspended from the top of the sections on levers 9 pivotally connected to each other and forming a rhombus, which are connected to the upper eye 10 fixed to the sections and to the lower eye 11 fixed to the camera. To keep the camera at the required height and move its hinges connecting the levers have a preload mechanism. with the help of which the necessary force is set to move the chamber up or down, for example 10 kg. Inside the chamber 8, an arcuate tube 12 passes, which is connected through the nipple 13 to the hose 14 and secured with a hose clamp 15. There are openings 16 on the tube 12 for supplying fresh air directly to the respiratory human organs. On the side walls of the chamber 8 there are semicircular recesses for the shoulders 17, necessary for a better fit. On the side walls of the chamber, handles 18 are also welded for easy adjustment of the chamber according to the height of a person. In addition, a pipe 19 is welded to the chamber, which covers the guide 20. Each section has a fresh air source 21 (fresh air cylinder) with a reducer 22, a hose 23 and a valve 24 for supplying fresh air. The crane is driven by the pedal 25. Cameras for comfortable breathing with appropriate equipment are located on one side of the switching point in order to clear the passage. Folding benches (not shown) can be attached to the opposite side, which can be used for rescuers and other purposes. The number of sections is selected depending on the size of the largest shift working in a potentially hazardous area. The number of self-rescuers should be 10% more than the number of people working in this area.

The switching point is assembled in a prepared niche, for which soil is cleaned, two bars 4 are laid under each section, sections 1 are installed and they are tightly connected to each other. After assembly, the switching point is equipped with backup self-rescuers 6, cylinders 21 with fresh air and

necessary equipment for their work. With a cylinder capacity of 6 m ^{3 of} fresh air and the need of one person in 100-200 liters of air, one cylinder is enough to switch 30 people.

After assembling the switching point, doors 2, 3 are closed and it is registered with the mine dispatcher.

In the event of a fire or other accidents, as a result of which the atmosphere of the site has become unsuitable for breathing, miners individually or in groups in self-rescuers are sent towards the exit. Upon reaching the switching point, the miner immediately enters it, not waiting for the collection of the necessary number of groups, he becomes in the free section 1, grabs the handles 18 and raises or lowers the chamber 8 in height until his head is in the chamber and the recesses 18 on shoulders. After that, he presses the pedal 25 with his foot, while the valve 24 opens and fresh air from the cylinder 21 passes through the reducer 22, the hose 21, the valve 24 into the arcuate tube 12 and goes into the openings 16 directly to the respiratory organ. Under the protection of this soul, the miner removes the used self-rescuer, joins the backup and goes to the exit. As soon as he removes his foot from the pedal 17, the supply of fresh air to the chamber 8 is stopped, and the next miner may occupy the vacant place. All switching occurs quickly, in-line, without delays and expectations.

The switching point can perform several functions, at the same time making it possible to switch to the emergency self-rescuers of all those working with minimal time while providing fresh air that switches to the backup self-rescuers with natural breath.

Claims (3)

1. The point of switching to backup self-rescuers, comprising a housing made of separate sections hermetically connected to each other, sealed doors, containers for backup and used self-rescuers, a fresh air source and a chamber for comfortable breathing, characterized in that each chamber for comfortable breathing is installed on the guide with the ability to move it in height. 2. The switching point according to claim 1, characterized in that the camera for comfortable breathing is connected to the top of the section using pivotally interconnected levers forming a rhombus with adjustable friction in the hinges. 3. The item according to claim 1, characterized in that the chamber for comfortable breathing is equipped with an arcuate tube with holes connected to a source of fresh air.